秦

See also: 奉, 奏, and 泰
秦 U+79E6, 秦
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79E6
← 秥
[U+79E5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 秧 →
[U+79E7]

Translingual

Han character

秦 (radical 115, 禾+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手大竹木 (QKHD), four-corner 50904, composition ⿱𡗗禾)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 851, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24995
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1275, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2597, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+79E6

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 秦

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 秦
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Shizhoupian script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (秦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
轃 *ʔsiːn, *ʔsrin
秦 *zin
螓 *zin
臻 *ʔsrin
蓁 *ʔsrin
搸 *ʔsrin
溱 *ʔsrin
榛 *ʔsrin

Pronunciation
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 秦
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰin⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰiẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡sʰiə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰin⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiẽ²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕʰiə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰĩn⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰin²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰin³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰin²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰĩ²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiŋ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ʑiŋ²³/
Suzhou /zin¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑin²¹³/
Wenzhou /zaŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰiʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sʰin⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sin¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡zin¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰin²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰin¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰøn²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰɐn²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰøn²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sin³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡siŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡seiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sun³¹/
Rime
Character 秦
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 匠鄰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ziɪn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡zin/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡zjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡zin/
Li
Rong		 /d͡ziĕn/
Wang
Li		 /d͡zĭĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /d͡zʱi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qín
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 秦
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qín
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzin ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[dz]i[n]/
English Qín (place name)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 秦
Reading # 1/1
No. 10497
Phonetic
component		 秦
Rime
group		 眞
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 秦
Old
Chinese		 /*zin/

Definitions

秦

  1. (～國) State of Qin
  2. (～朝) Qin dynasty, first imperial dynasty of China
  3. Qin, a general area of central-west China in modern-day Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces
  4. A surname​.

See also
Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
NameTime periodDivisions
Xia
夏 (～朝, ～代)		 2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
商 (～朝, ～代)
殷 (～朝, ～代)		 1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
周 (～朝, ～代)		 1046 – 256 BCEWestern Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周／东周		Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國／战国
Qin
秦 (～朝, ～代)		 221 – 206 BCE
Han
漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)		 206 BCE – 220 CEWestern Han
西漢／西汉
Xin
新 (～朝)
Eastern Han
東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國／三国		 220 – 280 CEWei
魏
Shu
蜀
Wu
吳／吴
Jin
晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)		 265 – 420 CEWestern Jin
西晉／西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝		 420 – 589 CENorthern dynasties
北朝		Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏／东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊／北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝		Liu Song
劉宋／刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊／南齐
Liang
梁 (～朝, ～代)
Chen
陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui
隋 (～朝, ～代)		 581 – 618 CE
Tang
唐 (～朝, ～代)		 618 – 907 CE
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國／五代十国		 907 – 960 CE
Liao
遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)		 907 – 1125 CE
Song
宋 (～朝, ～代)		 960 – 1279 CENorthern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏		 1038 – 1227 CE
Jin
金 (～朝, ～代)		 1115 – 1234 CE
Western Liao
西遼／西辽		 1124 – 1218 CE
Yuan
元 (～朝, ～代)		 1271 – 1368 CE
Ming
明 (～朝, ～代)		 1368 – 1644 CE
Qing
清 (～朝, ～代)		 1636 – 1912 CE

Compounds
Derived terms from 秦

Japanese

Kanji
秦

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. Qin dynasty

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
秦
しん
Jinmeiyō
kan’on

From Old Japanese 秦 (MC d͡ziɪn).

Proper noun

秦 (hiragana しん, rōmaji Shin)

  1. (historical) the Qin dynasty (221-207 BCE), first dynasty of China
  2. (historical) name of various states during the Sixteen Kingdoms period:
    1. 前秦 (Zenshin, “Former Qin”, 351-394 CE)
    2. 後秦 (Kōshin, “Later Qin”, 384-417 CE)
    3. 西秦 (Seishin, “Western Qin”, 385-431 CE)
  3. a surname

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
秦
はた
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Proper noun

秦 (hiragana はた, rōmaji Hata)

  1. a place name
  2. a surname
Derived terms
  • 秦 (はたの)公 (きみ)寺 (でら) (Hatanokimi-dera)

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
秦
はたしん
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Compound of 秦 (Hata, see above) + 秦 (Shin, “Qin (dynasty)”).

The 秦 kanji itself has a kun-reading of はた (hata).

Pronunciation

Usage notes

This reading is used to distinguish from the 漢音 (kan'on) reading of 晋 (Shin, “Jin dynasty”), itself called 晋 (Susumu-shin). The senses are the same for Etymology 2 above.

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

秦 • (jin) (hangeul 진, revised jin, McCune–Reischauer chin, Yale cin)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

秦 (tần, thái)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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