List of coupled cousins

This is a list of prominent individuals who have been romantically or maritally coupled with a cousin.

Notable people

Malthus
Roosevelt
Wells
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Royalty in Europe

The royal couples listed below are but a sampling of the innumerable marriages that have occurred between cousins, of varying degrees, from royal or noble houses. Such royal intermarriages have been common, as it has generally been deemed inappropriate for royals to marry commoners.

PersonSpouseMarriedYearRelationshipCommon ancestor(s)
Prince Adalbert of BavariaInfanta Amalia of Spain25 August 18561856Fifth cousinsPhilip William, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Adalbert of BavariaCountess Augusta of Seefried and Buttenheim
(daughter of Princess Elisabeth Marie of Bavaria)
12 June 19191919Second cousins once removedLudwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Prince Adalbert of PrussiaPrincess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen3 August 19141914Second cousinsErnst I, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Princess Feodora of Leiningen
Adolf, Duke of Holstein-GottorpChristine of Hesse17 December 15641564Second cousins once removedEric II, Duke of Pomerania and Sophie of Pomerania, Duchess of Pomerania
Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Hermine of Waldeck and Pyrmont25 October 18441844First cousinsGeorge I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Adolf Frederick, King of SwedenLouisa Ulrika of Prussia29 August 17441744Third cousinsGeorge, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
Adolf Frederick I, Duke of MecklenburgAnna Maria of Ostfriesland
(first wife)
4 September 16221622First cousinsAdolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Christine of Hesse
Adolf Frederick I, Duke of MecklenburgDuchess Marie Katharina of Brunswick-Dannenberg
(second wife)
(daughter of Julius Ernst, Duke of Brunswick-Dannenberg)
16351635Third cousins once removedMagnus II, Duke of Mecklenburg and Sophie of Pomerania, Duchess of Mecklenburg
Duke Adolf Friedrich of MecklenburgPrincess Viktoria Feodora of Reuss-Schleiz
(daughter of Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line)
24 April 19171917Fourth cousinsFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Adolph, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-BarchfeldPrincess Louise of Saxe-Meiningen18 October 17811781First cousins once removedPhilip, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal and Catherine von Solms-Laubach
Prince Adolph of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
(father of Princess Marie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt)
Princess Mathilde of Schonburg-Waldenburg27 September 18471847Double first cousins once removedFrederick Charles, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and Princess Friederike of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt; Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg and Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt
Adolphe, Grand Duke of LuxembourgGrand Duchess Elizabeth Mikhailovna of Russia
(first wife)
31 January 18441844Second cousins once removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Adolphe, Grand Duke of LuxembourgPrincess Adelheid-Marie of Anhalt-Dessau
(second wife)
23 April 18511851Fourth cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Prince Adolphus, Duke of CambridgePrincess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel1 June 18181818Second cousinsGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Maria of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
(daughter of Gustav Adolph, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow)
16841684First cousins once removedJohann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg and Sophia of Holstein-Gottorp
Adolphus Frederick III, Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön
(daughter of John Adolphus, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön)
16 April 17091709Third cousinsAdolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Christine of Hesse
Adolphus Frederick V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Elisabeth of AnhaltApril 17, 18771877Second cousins once removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Afonso, Prince of PortugalIsabella of Aragon, Queen of Portugal14901490Second cousinsJohn, Constable of Portugal and Isabel of Barcelos
Afonso II of PortugalUrraca of Castile, Queen of Portugal12061206Second cousins once removedRamon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona and Douce I, Countess of Provence
Afonso III of PortugalMatilda II, Countess of Boulogne
(first wife)
12391239Third cousins once removedFulk, King of Jerusalem
Afonso III of PortugalBeatrice of Castile
(second wife)
12531253First cousins twice removedAlfonso VIII of Castile and Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile
Afonso IV of PortugalBeatrice of Castile12 September 13091309Half-first cousins once removedAlfonso X of Castile
Afonso V of PortugalIsabel of Coimbra
(first wife)
6 May 14471447First cousinsJohn I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster
Afonso V of PortugalJoanna la Beltraneja
(second wife)
10 May 14751475First cousins once removed[66]Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Afonso of Portugal, Lord of PortalegreViolante Manuel12871287First cousins once removedFerdinand III of Castile
Agrippina the ElderGermanicusbetween 5 BC and 1 BC1 BCSecond cousinsGaius Octavius and Atia Balba Caesonia
Agrippina the YoungerGnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus
(first husband)
2828First cousins once removedMark Antony and Octavia Minor
Prince Aimone, Duke of ApuliaPrincess Olga of Greece16 September 20082008Second cousins (through Prince Jean, Duke of Guise); second cousins once removed (through George I of Greece)Prince Jean, Duke of Guise and Princess Isabelle of Orléans; George I of Greece and Olga Constantinovna of Russia
Albert of SaxonyCarola of Vasa18 June 18531853Second cousinsCharles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Albert of Saxe-AltenburgPrincess Marie of Prussia
(first wife)
6 May 18851885Second cousins once removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Albert of Saxe-AltenburgDuchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
(second wife)
13 December 18911891Second cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Albert of PrussiaPrincess Marianne of the Netherlands14 September 18301830First cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Albert of PrussiaPrincess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg9 April 18731873Second cousins once removedFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and TaxisArchduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria15 July 18901890Fourth cousinsCharles Alexander, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis
Albert I of BelgiumElisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Belgium2 October 19001900Third cousinsCharles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Albert V, Duke of BavariaArchduchess Anna of AustriaJuly 4, 15461546Second cousins once removedFrederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress
Albert VII, Archduke of AustriaIsabella Clara Eugenia18 April 15991599First cousinsCharles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal
Albert, Duke of PrussiaDorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Prussia
(first wife)
12 February 15261526Second cousins once removed; third cousinsFrederick I, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Brandenburg; Frederick I, Elector of Saxony and Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Albert, Duke of PrussiaAnna Marie of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(second wife)
15501550Half-first cousins twice removedAlbrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg
Albert Casimir, Duke of TeschenMaria Christina, Duchess of Teschen8 April 17661766Second cousinsLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Albrecht, Duke of BavariaCountess Maria Draskovich of Trakostjan3 September 19301930Fourth cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Albrecht, Duke of WürttembergArchduchess Margarete Sophie of Austria24 January 18931893Half-second cousins once removedMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Alexander I of ScotlandSybilla of Normandy11071107Sixth cousinsHugh II, Count of Nordgau
Alexander I of RussiaLouise of Baden28 September 17931793Fourth cousinsAlbert II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Sophie Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen
Alexander II of RussiaMarie of Hesse and by Rhine16 April 18411841Double second cousins once removedLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken; Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
Alexander II of ScotlandJoan of England, Queen of Scotland
(first wife)
21 June 12211221Half-third cousins (through Henry I of England); Third cousins once removed (through Malcolm III of Scotland)Henry I of England; Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland
Alexander II of ScotlandMarie de Coucy
(second wife)
15 May 12391239Third cousins once removedHugh, Count of Vermandois and Adelaide, Countess of Vermandois
Alexander III of RussiaDagmar of Denmark9 November 18661866Fourth cousins[67]; Double fourth cousins once removed[68]Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg and Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Alexander III of ScotlandMargaret of England
(first wife)
26 December 12511251Half-fourth cousins (through Henry I of England); Fourth cousins once removed (through Malcolm III of Scotland)Henry I of England; Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland
Alexander III of ScotlandYolande of Dreux, Queen of Scotland
(second wife)
15 October 12851285Fourth cousins once removedRobert I, Count of Dreux
Prince Alexander of TeckPrincess Alice of AlbanySt George's Chapel, Windsor, 10 February 19041904Second cousins once removedGeorge III of the United Kingdom and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Alexander, Crown Prince of YugoslaviaPrincess Maria da Glória, Duchess of Segorbe1 July 19721972Fifth cousins once removedFrancis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf
Alexander, Margrave of MeissenPrincess Gisela of Bavaria3 April 19871987Half-fourth cousinsLeopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Duke Alexander of WürttembergPrincess Marie of Orléans18 October 18371837Fourth cousinsLouis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen
Alexander Farnese, Duke of ParmaInfanta Maria of GuimarãesNovember 11, 15651565Second cousins once removedFerdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
Alexander Karl, Duke of Anhalt-BernburgPrincess Friederike of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg30 October 18341834Second cousinsFrederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain
Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich of RussiaGrand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia6 August 18941894First cousins once removedNicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia
Duke Alexander Petrovich of OldenburgPrincess Eugenia Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg19 January 18681868Second cousinsPaul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Alexis, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-BarchfeldPrincess Louise of Prussia27 June 18541854Half-fifth cousins twice removedAugustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Alexis, Prince of Bentheim and SteinfurtPrincess Pauline of Waldeck and Pyrmont7 May 18811881Fifth cousins thrice removedErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Prince Alfons of BavariaLouise d'Orléans15 April 18911891Half-second cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Alfonso the BattlerUrraca of León11091109Half-second cousinsSancho III of Pamplona
Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of FerraraArchduchess Barbara of Austria
(second wife)
5 December 15651565Third cousinsGaston IV, Count of Foix and Eleanor of Navarre
Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of FerraraMargherita Gonzaga, Duchess of Ferrara
(third wife)
24 February 15791579Third cousins once removedGaston IV, Count of Foix and Eleanor of Navarre
Alfonso IV of AragonEleanor of Castile5 February 13291329First cousins once removedPeter III of Aragon
Alfonso V of AragonMaria of Castile, Queen of Aragon12 June 14151415First cousinsJohn I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
Alfonso VIII of CastileEleanor of England, Queen of Castile17 September 11771177Fourth cousinsRobert I, Duke of Burgundy
Alfonso IX of LeónTheresa of Portugal, Queen of León
(first wife)
15 February 11911191First cousinsAfonso I of Portugal and Matilda of Savoy, Queen of Portugal
Alfonso IX of LeónBerengaria of Castile
(second wife)
17 December 11971197First cousins once removedAlfonso VII of León
Alfonso X of CastileViolant of AragonJanuary 12491249Third cousinsAlfonso VII of León
Alfonso XI of CastileConstanza Manuel
(first wife)
28 November 13251325Second cousins once removedFerdinand III of Castile
Alfonso XI of CastileMaria of Portugal
(second wife)
13281328Double first cousinsSancho IV of Castile; Denis of Portugal
Alfonso XII of SpainMercedes of Orléans
(first wife)
Atocha, Madrid, 23 January 18781878First cousinsFerdinand VII of Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Alfonso XII of SpainArchduchess Maria Christina of Austria
(second wife)
Basilica of Atocha, Madrid, 29 November 18791879Third cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Alfonso XIII of SpainVictoria Eugenie of Battenberg31 May 19061906Fifth cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Prince Alfonso, Count of CasertaPrincess Maria Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies8 June 18681868First cousinsFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Infante Alfonso, Duke of CalabriaPrincess Alicia of Bourbon-Parma16 April 19361936Double second cousinsFerdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria; Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria and Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria
Infante Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San JaimeInfanta Maria das Neves of Portugal26 April 18711871First cousins once removedJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and GothaGrand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of RussiaWinter Palace, St. Petersburg, 23 January 18741874Third cousins once removedDuke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Prince Alfred of LiechtensteinPrincess Henriette of Liechtenstein26 April 18651865First cousinsJohann I Joseph, Prince of Liechtenstein and Landgravine Josepha of Fürstenberg-Weitra
Alois, Hereditary Prince of LiechtensteinDuchess Sophie in BavariaSt. Florin's, Vaduz, 3 July 19931993Fifth cousins;
Half-fifth cousins once removed
Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden; Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Alois-Konstantin, 9th Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-RosenbergPrincess Anastasia of Prussia8 October 19651965Fourth cousins once removedKarl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Countess Amalie Henriette of Solms-Baruth
Prince Amedeo, Duke of AostaPrincess Anne of Orléans5 November 19271927First cousinsPrince Philippe, Count of Paris and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans
Prince Amedeo, Duke of AostaPrincess Claude of Orléans22 July 19641964Second cousinsPrince Philippe, Count of Paris and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans
Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-EsteNob. Elisabetta Maria Rosboch von Wolkenstein5 July 20142014Distant cousinsGiuseppe Tiberio Ruffo, Count of Sinopoli; Franz Albrecht I, Prince of Oettingen-Spielberg
Amadeus VIII, Duke of SavoyMary of Burgundy, Duchess of Savoy30 October 13931393First cousins once removedJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Amadeus IX, Duke of SavoyYolande of Valois14521452Third cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Andreas, Prince of LeiningenPrincess Alexandra of Hanover5 October 19811981Double fourth cousinsQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Duchess Amelia of Württemberg
Prince Andrew of Greece and DenmarkPrincess Alice of Battenberg6 October 19031903Fourth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Andrew of YugoslaviaPrincess Christina Margarethe of Hesse
(first wife)
2 August 19561956Third cousinsQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Prince Andrew of YugoslaviaPrincess Kira of Leiningen
(second wife)
(daughter of Karl, Prince of Leiningen)
18 September 19631963Second cousinsAlfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
Anne, Queen of Great BritainPrince George of Denmark28 July 16831683Second cousins once removedFrederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Anne of York, Duchess of ExeterHenry Holland, 3rd Duke of Exeter30 July 14471447Half-second cousinsJohn of Gaunt
Anthony of SaxonyPrincess Maria Carolina of Savoy
(first wife)
29 September 17811781Fourth cousinsVictor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy and Christine of France
Anthony of SaxonyMaria Theresa of Austria
(second wife)
8 September 17871787First cousins once removedAugustus III of Poland and Maria Josepha of Austria
Duke Anthony Ulrich of BrunswickGrand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia3 July 17391739Third cousins once removedJohann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg and Sophia of Holstein-Gottorp
Antoine, Duke of LorraineRenée of Bourbon26 June 15151515Third cousinsJohn I, Duke of Bourbon and Marie, Duchess of Auvergne
Antoine, Duke of MontpensierInfanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier10 October 18461846First cousins once removedFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Prince Antoine of Bourbon-Two SiciliesDuchess Elisabeth of Württemberg8 July 19581958First cousins once removedPrince Alfonso, Count of Caserta and Princess Maria Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
Archduke Anton of AustriaPrincess Ileana of Romania26 July 19311931Fourth cousinsJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Anton-Günther, Duke of OldenburgPrincess Ameli of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Freudenberg7 August 19511951Fifth cousins once removedFrederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain
Anton Ulrich, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenPrincess Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal26 September 17501750Second cousins twice removedJohann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Dorothea Maria of Anhalt
Infante Antonio, Duke of GallieraInfanta Eulalia of Spain6 March 18861886First cousinsFerdinand VII of Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Prince Antônio of Orléans-BraganzaPrincess Christine de Ligne25 September 19811981Fourth cousins once removedJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Antonio Farnese, Duke of ParmaEnrichetta d'Este5 February 17281728First cousinsFrancesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena
Infante Antonio Pascual of SpainInfanta María Amalia of Spain25 August 17951795First cousins once removed[66]Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Prince Aribert of AnhaltPrincess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein6 July 18911891Fourth cousinsDuke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Arthur II, Duke of BrittanyMarie, Viscountess of Limoges
(first wife)
(granddaughter of Hugh IV, Duke of Burgundy)
12751275Third cousinsRobert II, Count of Dreux and Yolande de Coucy
Arthur II, Duke of BrittanyYolande of Dreux, Queen of Scotland
(second wife)
May 12941294Third cousinsRobert II, Count of Dreux and Yolande de Coucy
Arthur, Prince of WalesCatherine of Aragon14 November 15011501Half-third cousins once removed (through John of Gaunt);
Double fourth cousins (through Peter of Castile)
John of Gaunt; Peter of Castile and María de Padilla
Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and StrathearnPrincess Louise Margaret of PrussiaSt. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, 13 March 18791879Third cousins once removedDuke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Prince Arthur of ConnaughtPrincess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of FifeChapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 15 October 19131913First cousins once removedQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Prince August, Duke of DalarnaPrincess Therese of Saxe-Altenburg16 April 18641864Third cousinsPrince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Clémentine of Orléans20 April 18431843Fourth cousinsLouis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen
Prince August Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and GothaArchduchess Karoline Marie of Austria30 May 18941894Second cousinsFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Prince August Wilhelm of PrussiaPrincess Alexandra Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg22 October 19081908First cousinsFrederick VIII, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Princess Adelheid of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgDuchess Louise Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
(first wife)
21 October 17971797Second cousinsFrederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst
Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgPrincess Karoline Amalie of Hesse-Kassel
(second wife)
24 April 18021802Fourth cousinsJohn George I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach and Johannetta of Sayn-Wittgenstein
Augustus, Grand Duke of OldenburgPrincess Adelheid of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
(first wife)
24 July 18171817Fourth cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Augustus, Grand Duke of OldenburgPrincess Ida of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym
(second wife)
24 June 18251825Fourth cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Augustus, Grand Duke of OldenburgPrincess Cecilia of Sweden
(third wife)
5 May 18311831Second cousins once removedChristian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin and Princess Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach
Augustus, Elector of SaxonyAnne of Denmark, Electress of Saxony7 October 15481548Second cousins once removedEric II, Duke of Pomerania and Sophie of Pomerania, Duchess of Pomerania
Augustus II the StrongChristiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth20 January 16931693Second cousinsChristian, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth and Marie of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Augustus III of PolandMaria Josepha of Austria20 August 17191719Second cousins once removedGeorge, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Augustus Ferdinand of PrussiaMargravine Elisabeth Louise of Brandenburg-Schwedt27 September 17551755Half-second cousins[66]Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
Prince Augustus William of PrussiaDuchess Luise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel6 January 17421742Fourth cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Sophia of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Prince Axel of DenmarkPrincess Margaretha of Sweden22 May 19191919First cousins once removedChristian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Princess Beatrice of Bourbon-Parma
(daughter of Robert I, Duke of Parma)
Count Pietro Lucchesi-Palli12 August 19061906Half-first cousins once removedMarie-Caroline of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duchess of Berry
Prince Benedetto, Duke of ChablaisMaria Anna of Savoy, Duchess of Chablais19 March 17751775Half-second cousins once removed[69]Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenPrincess Marie Frederica of Hesse-Kassel23 March 18251825Third cousins once removedLouis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken and Countess Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenPrincess Charlotte of Prussia18 February 18781878Second cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Prince Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachPrincess Ida of Saxe-Meiningen30 May 18161816Fourth cousins once removedWilliam, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Eleonore Dorothea of Anhalt-Dessau
Berthold, Margrave of BadenPrincess Theodora of Greece and Denmark17 August 19311931Second cousinsChristian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Birger, King of SwedenMartha of Denmark25 November 12981298Double third cousinsValdemar I of Denmark and Sophia of Minsk; Henry Borwin II, Lord of Mecklenburg and Christina of Sweden
Boris III of BulgariaGiovanna of Italy25 October 19301930Fourth cousins once removedFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa
CaligulaLollia Paulina3838Second cousins once removedDrusus Claudius Nero I
Prince Carl, Duke of VästergötlandPrincess Ingeborg of Denmark27 August 18971897First cousins once removedOscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg
Carl, Duke of WürttembergPrincess Diane of Orléans21 July 19601960Double fourth cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily; Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Archduke Carl Christian of AustriaPrincess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg6 February 19821982Second cousinsRobert I, Duke of Parma and Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal
Carol I of RomaniaElisabeth of Wied15 November 18691869Fourth cousins once removedLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Carol II of RomaniaPrincess Helen of Greece and DenmarkMetropolitan Cathedral of Athens, 10 March 19211921Second cousins (through Queen Victoria); Third cousins (through Nicholas I of Russia)Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia
Carlos I of PortugalAmélie of Orléans22 May 18861886Third cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two SiciliesMercedes, Princess of Asturias
(first wife)
4 February 19011901Second cousinsArchduke Charles, Duke of Teschen and Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg
Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two SiciliesPrincess Louise of Orléans
(second wife)
16 November 19071907Double third cousinsFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria; Charles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Carlos, Duke of MadridPrincess Margherita of Bourbon-Parma4 February 18671867Second cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Infante Carlos, Count of MolinaInfanta Maria Francisca of Braganza
(first wife)
22 September 18161816Second cousins once removed[66]Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Infante Carlos, Count of MolinaMaria Teresa, Princess of Beira
(second wife)
20 October 18381838Second cousins once removed[66]Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Infante Carlos, Count of MontemolinPrincess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies10 July 18501850First cousinsCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Infante Carlos, Duke of CalabriaPrincess Anne of Orléans2 May 19651965Fourth cousinsFerdinand VII of Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Casimir, Margrave of Brandenburg-BayreuthSusanna of Bavaria25 August 15181518Second cousins once removedErnest, Duke of Austria and Cymburgis of Masovia
Catherine the GreatPeter III of Russia21 August 17451745Second cousinsChristian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Princess Frederica Amalia of Denmark
Grand Duchess Catherine Mikhailovna of RussiaDuke Georg August of Mecklenburg-Strelitz16 February 18511851First cousins twice removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of RussiaDuke George of Oldenburg
(first husband)
3 August 18091809First cousinsFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Grand Duchess Catherine Pavlovna of RussiaWilliam I of Württemberg
(second husband)
Saint Petersburg, 24 January 18161816First cousinsFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Princess Cécile Marita Dorothea of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
(daughter of Kraft, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg)
Count Cyril Amédée de Commarque
(grandson of Marie Clotilde Bonaparte)
6 June 19981998Fifth cousinsDuke Louis of Württemberg and Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg
Charles Alexander, Duke of WürttembergPrincess Marie Auguste of Thurn and Taxis1 May 17271727Fifth cousins once removedPhilip I, Landgrave of Hesse and Christine of Saxony
Charles August, Prince of Nassau-WeilburgAuguste Friederike of Nassau-Idstein17 August 17231723Second cousins once removedLouis II, Count of Nassau-Weilburg and Anna Maria of Hesse-Kassel
Charles the Bold, Duke of BurgundyCatherine of France
(first wife)
19 May 14401440Third cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Charles the Bold, Duke of BurgundyIsabella of Bourbon
(second wife)
Lille, 30 October 14541454First cousinsJohn the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy and Margaret of Bavaria
Charles the Bold, Duke of BurgundyMargaret of York
(third wife)
Damme, 3 July 14681468Half-second cousinsJohn of Gaunt
Charles I of AustriaPrincess Zita of Bourbon-ParmaSchwarzau Castle, 21 October 19111911Second cousins twice removed; fourth cousinsJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain; Charles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Charles I of EnglandHenrietta Maria of FranceSt Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury, Kent, 13 June 16251625Third cousins once removedFrancis, Count of Vendôme and Marie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme
Charles I of WürttembergOlga Nikolaevna of Russia13 July 18461846Second cousinsFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Charles II, Duke of ParmaPrincess Maria Teresa of SavoyLucca, 5 September 18201820Double second cousinsPhilip, Duke of Parma and Louise Élisabeth of France; Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Charles II of EnglandCatherine of BraganzaDomus Dei, Portsmouth, Hampshire, 21 May 16621662Fifth cousins; seventh cousins once removedFerdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile; Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Charles II of SpainMarie Louise of Orléans
(first wife)
19 November 16791679First cousins once removedPhilip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria
Charles II of SpainMaria Anna of Neuburg
(second wife)
28 August 16891689Second cousins once removedWilliam V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine
Charles II, Elector PalatinePrincess Wilhelmine Ernestine of Denmark20 September 16711671Second cousins once removedFrederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Charles II, Archduke of AustriaMaria Anna of Bavaria26 August 15711571Third cousins[66]Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress
Charles II, Duke of Mantua and MontferratArchduchess Isabella Clara of Austria7 November 16491649Second cousins twice removedFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
(first wife)
18 September 17681768Third cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Charlotte of Hesse-Darmstadt
(second wife)
28 September 17841784Third cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Charles III of SpainMaria Amalia of SaxonyMay 8, 17381738Fourth cousinsPhilip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria
Charles III, Duke of ParmaLouise Marie Thérèse d'ArtoisSchloss Frohsdorf, Austria, 10 November 18451845Second cousinsVictor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain
Charles III William, Margrave of Baden-DurlachMagdalena Wilhelmine of Württemberg27 June 16971697First cousins once removedFrederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony
Charles IV of SpainMaria Luisa of ParmaLa Granja Palace, 4 September 17651765First cousinsPhilip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Charles IV, Duke of LorraineNicole, Duchess of Lorraine23 May 16211621First cousinsCharles III, Duke of Lorraine and Claude of France
Charles V, Holy Roman EmperorIsabella of PortugalSeville, 10 March 15261526First cousinsFerdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
Charles V, Duke of LorraineEleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland6 February 16781678Third cousinsFrancis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark
Charles VII of FranceMarie of Anjou18 December 14221422Second cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Charles VII, Holy Roman EmperorMaria Amalia of Austria5 October 17221722Third cousinsFerdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Charles VIII of FranceAnne of Brittany6 December 14911491Third cousinsCharles V of France and Joanna of Bourbon
Charles IX of FranceElisabeth of Austria, Queen of France26 November 15701570Fourth cousinsGaston IV, Count of Foix and Eleanor of Navarre
Charles X of FrancePrincess Maria Theresa of SavoyPalace of Versailles, 16 November 17731773Double second cousins once removedLouis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria; Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia
Charles X Gustav of SwedenHedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp24 October 16541654Third cousinsPhilip I, Landgrave of Hesse and Christine of Saxony
Charles XI of SwedenUlrika Eleonora of Denmark26 September 16791679Second cousins once removedFrederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Charles XIII of SwedenHedvig Elisabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp7 July 17741774First cousinsChristian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin and Princess Albertina Frederica of Baden-Durlach
Charles XV of SwedenLouise of the Netherlands19 June 18501850Third cousinsPrince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
Prince Charles of Hesse and by RhinePrincess Elisabeth of Prussia22 October 18361836Second cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Prince Charles of Hesse-KasselPrincess Louise of Denmark30 August 17661766First cousins; Third cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach; William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Margravine Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg
Prince Charles of PrussiaPrincess Marie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach26 May 18271827Second cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Charles, Count of AngoulêmeLouise of Savoy16 February 14881488Third cousins once removedJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Charles, Duke of AumaleMarie of Lorraine
(daughter of René, Marquis of Elbeuf)
10 November 15761576First cousinsClaude, Duke of Guise and Antoinette de Bourbon
Charles, Duke of BerryMarie Louise Elisabeth d'Orléans6 July 17101710Half-first cousinsLouis XIV of France
Charles, Prince of VianaAgnes of Cleves30 September 14391439Third cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Charles, Prince of WalesDiana Spencer
(first wife)
St Paul's Cathedral, 29 July 19811981Seventh cousins once removedWilliam Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire and Catherine Hoskins
Charles, Prince NapoléonPrincess Béatrice of Bourbon-Two Sicilies19 December 19781978Fourth cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Charles Albert of SardiniaMaria Theresa of Austria30 September 18171817Fourth cousinsLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Charles Alexander, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachPrincess Sophie of the Netherlands8 October 18421842First cousinsPaul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Prince Charles Alexander of LorraineArchduchess Maria Anna of Austria7 January 17441744Half-second cousinsFerdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles Amadeus, Duke of NemoursÉlisabeth de Bourbon11 July 16431643Second cousins once removedPhilip, Duke of Nemours and Charlotte d'Orléans
Charles Augustus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachPrincess Pauline of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach26 August 18731873Second cousinsKarl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and Princess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt
Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein11 October 19051905Half-second cousins once removedPrincess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of SavoyInfanta Catherine Michelle of Spain15821582First cousins once removed (through Francis I of France);
Second cousins (through Manuel I of Portugal)
Francis I of France and Claude of France; Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon
Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of SavoyFrançoise Madeleine d'Orléans
(first wife)
4 March 16631663First cousinsHenry IV of France and Marie de' Medici
Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of SavoyMarie Jeanne Baptiste of Savoy-Nemours
(second wife)
20 May 16651665Half-first cousins once removedHenry IV of France
Charles Emmanuel III of SardiniaAnne Christine of Sulzbach, Princess of Piedmont
(first wife)
15 March 17221722Fourth cousinsFrederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Charles Emmanuel III of SardiniaElisabeth Therese of Lorraine
(third wife)
1 April 17371737Half-first cousinsPhilippe I, Duke of Orléans
Charles Emmanuel IV of SardiniaMarie Clotilde of FrancePalace of Versailles, 27 August 17751775Double second cousins once removedVictor Amadeus II of Sardinia; Louis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
Charles Eugene, Duke of WürttembergMargravine Elisabeth Fredericka Sophie of Brandenburg-Bayreuth26 September 17481748Fourth cousins twice removedJoachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg
Charles Felix of SardiniaPrincess Maria Cristina of Naples and SicilyPalermo, 6 April 18071807First cousins once removedPhilip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Charles Ferdinand, Duke of BerryMarie-Caroline de Bourbon-Sicile, duchesse de Berry24 April 18161816Second cousins once removedPhilip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachGrand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia3 August 18041804Third cousinsFrederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of BadenLandgravine Caroline Louise of Hesse-DarmstadtJanuary 28, 17511751Half-second cousins once removedLouis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
Charles Gonthier, Prince of Schwarzburg-SondershausenPrincess Marie Gasparine of Saxe-Altenburg12 June 18691869Fourth cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of BadenPrincess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt15 July 17751775First cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Duke Charles Louis Frederick of MecklenburgPrincess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen5 February 17351735Fourth cousins three times removedAlbrecht VII, Duke of Mecklenburg and Anna of Brandenburg, Duchess of Mecklenburg; Frederick I of Denmark and Sophie of Pomerania
Charles Lucien BonaparteZénaïde Bonaparte29 June 18221822First cousinsCarlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino
Prince Charles Philippe, Duke of AnjouDiana Álvares Pereira de Melo, 11th Duchess of Cadaval21 June 20082008Fifth cousins once removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Archduke Charles Stephen of AustriaArchduchess Maria Theresa of Austria28 February 18861886Second cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Charles Theodore, Elector of BavariaCountess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste of Sulzbach17 January 17421742First cousinsTheodore Eustace, Count Palatine of Sulzbach and Princess Maria Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg
Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelPrincess Augusta of Great Britain16 January 17641764Second cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Charles William Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-AnsbachPrincess Friederike Luise of Prussia30 May 17291729Half-fourth cousins twice removedJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg
Charlotte, Grand Duchess of LuxembourgPrince Felix of Bourbon-Parma6 November 19191919First cousinsMiguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Christian I of DenmarkDorothea of Brandenburg26 October 14491449Fifth cousins once removed; fifth cousinsAlbert I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg; Louis II, Duke of Bavaria
Christian II of DenmarkIsabella of Austria11 July 15141514Third cousinsErnest, Duke of Austria and Cymburgis of Masovia
Christian II, Elector of SaxonyHedwig of Denmark12 September 16021602First cousins once removedChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Christian III of DenmarkDorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg29 October 15251525Double third cousinsFrederick I, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Brandenburg; Frederick I, Elector of Saxony and Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Christian IV of DenmarkAnne Catherine of Brandenburg27 November 15971597Second cousins once removedJoachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg
Christian V of DenmarkCharlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel25 June 16671667Second cousins once removedJoachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg
Christian VI of DenmarkSophie Magdalene of Brandenburg-Kulmbach7 August 17211721Fourth cousins once removedChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Christian VII of DenmarkPrincess Caroline Matilda of WalesChristiansborg Palace, Copenhagen, 8 November 17661766First cousinsGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Christian VIII of DenmarkDuchess Charlotte Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
(first wife)
Ludwigslust, 21 June 18061806First cousinsDuke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Christian VIII of DenmarkCaroline Amalie of Augustenburg
(second wife)
22 May 18151815Half-first cousins once removedFrederick V of Denmark
Christian IX of DenmarkLouise of Hesse-KasselAmalienborg Palace, Copenhagen, 26 May 18421842Double second cousins[70]Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain; Frederick V of Denmark
Christian X of DenmarkAlexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin26 April 18981898Third cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Christian, Prince-Elect of DenmarkMagdalene Sibylle of Saxony5 October 16341634Second cousins once removedChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Prince Christian of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Feodora of Denmark9 September 19371937First cousinsFrederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden and Louise of Sweden
Prince Christian of Schleswig-HolsteinPrincess Helena of the United Kingdom5 July 18661866Third cousinsFrederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
Christian Albrecht, Prince of Hohenlohe-LangenburgCaroline of Stolberg-Gedern13 April 17611761First cousinsLouis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken and Countess Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-GottorpPrincess Frederica Amalia of Denmark24 October 16671667Double third cousinsChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg; John George, Elector of Brandenburg
Christian August II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-AugustenburgCountess Louise Sophie of Danneskiold-Samsøe18 September 18201820Third cousinsChristian Gyldenløve and Countess Charlotte Amalie af Danneskiold-Samsøe
Christian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-BayreuthErdmuthe Sophie of Saxony
(first wife)
(daughter of John George II, Elector of Saxony)
29 October 16621662First cousinsChristian, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth and Marie of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
Christian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-BayreuthSofie Louise of Württemberg
(second wife)
(daughter of Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg)
8 February 16711671Second cousinsJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst
Christian Louis, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgSophia Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlücksburgOctober 9, 16531653Second cousinsChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Duke Christian Louis of MecklenburgPrincess Barbara of Prussia5 July 19541954Fourth cousinsFrederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia
Christian Ludwig II, Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinDuchess Gustave Caroline of Mecklenburg-Strelitz13 November 17141714Half-first cousinsAdolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg
Christopher II of DenmarkEuphemia of Pomerania13001300Double third cousinsValdemar I of Denmark and Sophia of Minsk; Mestwin I, Duke of Pomerania and Swinisława
Christopher of BavariaDorothea of Brandenburg12 September 14451445Third cousinsFrederick II, Margrave of Meissen and Matilda of Bavaria, Margravine of Meissen
Prince Christopher of Greece and DenmarkPrincess Françoise of Orléans11 February 19291929Fourth cousins once removedDuke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Christopher, Duke of MecklenburgDorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg27 October 15731573First cousins twice removedChristian I of Denmark and Dorothea of Brandenburg
Claude, Duke of GuiseAntoinette de Bourbon9 June 15131513Fifth cousins once removedLouis I, Duke of Bourbon and Mary of Avesnes
Claudia AntoniaFaustus Cornelius Sulla Felix
(second husband)
AD 4747Second cousinsMark Antony and Octavia Minor
Claudius, Emperor of RomeValeria Messalina
(third wife)
Rome, AD 37 or AD 3838First cousins once removedMark Antony and Octavia Minor
Claudius, Emperor of RomeAgrippina the Younger
(fourth wife)
4949Second cousins once removed[66]Gaius Octavius and Atia Balba Caesonia
ConstantinaHannibalianus
(first husband)
335335Half-first cousinsConstantius Chlorus
ConstantinaConstantius Gallus
(second husband)
350350Half-first cousinsConstantius Chlorus
Constantine I of GreeceSophia of Prussia27 October 18891889Second cousins once removed (through Frederick William III of Prussia); third cousins (through Paul I of Russia)Frederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Constantine II of GreecePrincess Anne-Marie of DenmarkAthens, 18 September 19641964Triple third cousins[71]; Third cousins once removed[72]Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel; Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Constantius IIDaughter of Julius Constantius335335Half-first cousinsConstantius Chlorus
Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of TuscanyArchduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria16081608Second cousins twice removedPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of TuscanyMarguerite Louise d'Orléans12 June 16611661Second cousinsFrancesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
David II of ScotlandJoan of the Tower17 July 13281328Half-fourth cousins four times removedHenry I of England
Denis of PortugalElizabeth of Aragon12881288Third cousins once removedRamon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona and Petronilla of Aragon
Denis, Lord of CifuentesJoan of Castile, Lady of Cifuentes
(daughter of Henry II of Castile)
13721372Second cousins once removedSancho IV of Castile
Dominik Rainer RadziwiłłPrincess Eugénie of Greece and Denmark30 May 19381938Fourth cousinsDuke Louis of Württemberg and Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg
Countess Palatine Dorothea Sophie of NeuburgOdoardo Farnese, Hereditary Prince of Parma
(first husband)
17 September 16901690Third cousins once removedAlbert V, Duke of Bavaria and Archduchess Anna of Austria
Countess Palatine Dorothea Sophie of NeuburgFrancesco Farnese, Duke of Parma
(second husband)
7 December 16961696Third cousins once removedAlbert V, Duke of Bavaria and Archduchess Anna of Austria
Drusus CaesarAemilia Lepida36Half-third cousinsScribonia
Drusus Julius CaesarLivillaAD 44First cousinsTiberius Claudius Nero and Livia
Duarte of Portugal, 4th Duke of GuimarãesIsabel of Braganza, Duchess of Guimarães15371537First cousins once removedFerdinand, Duke of Viseu and Beatriz, Duchess of Viseu
Duarte Nuno, Duke of BraganzaMaria Francisca of Orléans-Braganza, Duchess of Braganza13 October 19421942Second cousins twice removedJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Duncan II of ScotlandEthelredaSecond cousinsCrínán of Dunkeld
Edmund CrouchbackBlanche of Artois29 October 12761276Second cousins once removedHenry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine
Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of YorkInfanta Isabella of Castile
(first wife)
13721372Third cousins twice removedFerdinand III of Castile
Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of YorkJoan Holland
(second wife)
c. 4 November 13931393Half-second cousins once removedEdward I of England
Eduard, Duke of AnhaltPrincess Louise Charlotte of Saxe-Altenburg6 February 18951895Second cousinsFrederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Edward, King of PortugalEleanor of Aragon, Queen of Portugal22 September 14281428Half-first cousins once removedPeter I of Portugal
Edward I of EnglandEleanor of Castile
(first wife)
12541254Second cousins once removedHenry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine
Edward I of EnglandMargaret of France
(second wife)
8 September 12991299First cousins once removedRamon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence and Beatrice of Savoy
Edward II of EnglandIsabella of FranceBoulogne-sur-Mer, 25 January 13081308Third cousins once removedAlfonso VIII of Castile and Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile
Edward III of EnglandPhilippa of HainaultYork Minster, 24 January 13281328Second cousinsPhilip III of France
Edward IV of EnglandElizabeth Woodville1 May 14641464Sixth cousins once removedBlanche de Brienne, Baroness Tingry and William II de Fiennes, Baron of Tingry
Edward VII of the United KingdomPrincess Alexandra of DenmarkSt. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, 10 March 18631863Third cousins once removed (through Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin); Quintuple fourth cousins (through George II of Great Britain and Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel)Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach[73] ; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel[74]
Edward the Black Prince, Prince of WalesJoan, 4th Countess of KentWindsor Castle, 10 October 13611361Half-first cousins once removedEdward I of England
Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of YorkBeatrice of Portugal29 August 13811381Second cousins once removedAfonso IV of Portugal and Beatrice of Castile
Edward of Westminster, Prince of WalesAnne Neville13 December 14701470Half-third cousinsJohn of Gaunt
Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and StrathearnPrincess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld29 May 18181818Third cousins once removedFrederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Magdalena Sibylla of Saxe-Weissenfels
Prince Eitel Friedrich of PrussiaDuchess Sophia Charlotte of Oldenburg27 February 19061906Third cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Eleanor of LeicesterSimon de Montfort, 6th Earl of LeicesterJanuary 12381238Half-third cousinsHenry I of England
Elias, Duke of ParmaArchduchess Maria Anna of Austria25 May 19031903Second cousinsArchduke Charles, Duke of Teschen and Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg
Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of AustriaArchduke Ferdinand Karl Viktor of Austria-Este
(first husband)
Vienna, 4 October 18471847Second cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of AustriaArchduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria
(second husband)
Vienna, 18 April 18541854First cousinsLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Margravine Elisabeth Sophie of BrandenburgFrederick Casimir Kettler
(first husband)
29 April 16911691First cousinsGeorge William, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, Electress of Brandenburg
Margravine Elisabeth Sophie of BrandenburgChristian Ernst, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth
(second husband)
30 March 17031703Half-second cousins twice removedJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg
Queen Elizabeth IIPrince Philip, Duke of EdinburghWestminster Abbey, 20 November 19471947Second cousins once removed (through Christian IX of Denmark);
Third cousins (through Queen Victoria);
Fourth cousins (through Duke Louis of Württemberg)
Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel; Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Duke Louis of Württemberg and Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg
Princess Elizabeth of Greece and DenmarkCarl Theodor, Count of Toerring-Jettenbach
(son of Duchess Sophie Adelheid in Bavaria)
10 January 19341934Fourth cousinsCharles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Duchess Elsa of WürttembergPrince Albert of Schaumburg-Lippe
(son of Prince William of Schaumburg-Lippe)
6 May 18971897First cousins once removedGeorge William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe and Princess Ida of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Emich, 5th Prince of LeiningenPrincess Feodore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
(daughter of Hermann, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg)
12 July 18941894Second cousinsEmich Carl, 2nd Prince of Leiningen and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Emich Kyrill, Prince of LeiningenDuchess Eilika of Oldenburg
(daughter of Nikolaus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Oldenburg)
10 August 19501950Half-second cousins once removedFrederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Prince Emmanuel, Duke of VendômePrincess Henriette of Belgium12 February 18961896Second cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of AostaPrincess Hélène of Orléans25 June 18951895Double fourth cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of SavoyMargaret of France, Duchess of Berry10 July 15591559Half-first cousins once removedPhilip II, Duke of Savoy
Emmanuel Théodose de La Tour d'AuvergneMarie Armande de La Trémoille1 February 16961696Second cousins once removedHenri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon
Enrichetta d'EsteLeopold of Hesse-Darmstadt
(son of Philip of Hesse-Darmstadt)
23 March 17401740Third cousinsLouis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalene of Brandenburg
Eric II, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgSidonie of Saxony
(first wife)
17 May 15451545Third cousins once removedFrederick I, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Brandenburg
Eric II, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgDorothea of Lorraine
(second wife)
26 November 15751575Third cousinsChristian I of Denmark and Dorothea of Brandenburg
Eric V of DenmarkAgnes of Brandenburg11 November 12731273Fifth cousins once removedSweyn II of Denmark
Eric VI of DenmarkIngeborg Magnusdotter of Sweden12971297Third cousinsValdemar I of Denmark and Sophia of Minsk
Prince Erik of Bourbon-Parma
(son of Prince Michel of Bourbon-Parma)
Countess Lydia af Holstein-Ledreborg
(daughter of Princess Marie Gabriele of Luxembourg)
8 August 19801980Second cousinsRobert I, Duke of Parma and Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal
Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-GothaPrincess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg24 October 16361636First cousins once removedJohann Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Dorothea Susanne of Simmern
Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg31 July 18171817Second cousins once removedFrancis Josias, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Princess Anna Sophie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Alexandrine of Baden13 May 18421842Fifth cousins once removedWilliam VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Margravine Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg
Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgPrincess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen21 March 17691769Half-first cousins once removedBernhard I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-LüneburgSophia of the Palatinate30 September 16581658Second cousins once removedChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Ernest Augustus, King of HanoverFrederica of Mecklenburg-StrelitzCarlton House, London, 29 August 18151815First cousinsDuke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of HanoverPrincess Thyra of Denmark22 December 18781878Quadruple fourth cousins[75]George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach[76]; Count Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg and Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim
Ernest Augustus, Duke of BrunswickPrincess Victoria Louise of Prussia24 May 19131913Third cousins once removedGeorge III of the United Kingdom and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Ernest Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-HildburghausenCountess Sophia Albertine of Erbach-Erbach4 February 17041704Second cousinsWilliam of Nassau-Hilchenbach
Ernest Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-HildburghausenPrincess Ernestine of Saxe-Weimar1 July 17581758Fourth cousinsJohann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Dorothea Maria of Anhalt
Ernest Günther, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-AugustenburgAuguste of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg15 June 16511651First cousinsJohn II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg
Ernest Leopold, Landgrave of Hesse-RotenburgEleonore of Löwenstein-Wertheim9 November 17041704First cousinsFerdinand Karl, Count of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort and Countess Anna Maria of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg
Ernst I, Duke of Saxe-AltenburgPrincess Agnes of Anhalt-Dessau28 April 18531853Second cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-AltenburgPrincess Adelaide of Schaumburg-Lippe17 February 18981898Double fourth cousinsFrederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain; Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-LangenburgPrincess Alexandra of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha20 April 18961896Half-second cousinsPrincess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Ernst Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-HildburghausenCountess Caroline of Erbach-Fürstenau19 June 17261729Second cousinsGeorge Albert I, Count of Erbach-Schönberg and Elisabeth Dorothea of Hohenlohe-Schillingfürst
Ernst Gunther, Duke of Schleswig-HolsteinPrincess Dorothea of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha2 August 18981898Third cousinsFrancis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf
Prince Ernst Heinrich of SaxonyPrincess Sophie of Luxembourg12 April 19211921Second cousins twice removedJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Ernst Ludwig I, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenDorothea Marie of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
(first wife)
19 September 17041704First cousinsErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Ernst Ludwig I, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenMargravine Elisabeth Sophie of Brandenburg
(second wife)
3 June 17141714Third cousinsAlbert Frederick, Duke of Prussia and Marie Eleonore of Cleves
Duke Eugen of WürttembergPrincess Helene of Hohenlohe-Langenburg11 September 18271827Third cousinsLouis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken and Countess Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Duke Eugen of WürttembergPrincess Mathilde of Schaumburg-Lippe15 July 18431843First cousinsGeorge I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Duke Eugen of WürttembergGrand Duchess Vera Constantinovna of Russia4 May 18741874Third cousinsFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Duke Eugen Eberhard of Württemberg
(son of Princess Nadezhda of Bulgaria)
Archduchess Alexandra of Austria
(daughter of Archduke Anton of Austria)
19621962Third cousinsFerdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria
Princess Eugenie of YorkJack Brooksbank12 October 20182018Half-third cousins twice removedThomas Coke, 2nd Earl of Leicester
Prince Eugenio, Duke of GenoaPrincess Lucia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies29 October 19381938Second cousins once removedLudwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Princess Eulalia of Thurn and TaxisPrince Philipp Ernst of Thurn and Taxis
(son of Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis)
8 September 19291929Fourth cousins once removedAlexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Eustace IV, Count of BoulogneConstance of France, Countess of Toulouse11401140Third cousins once removedRobert II of France and Constance of Arles
Prince Feodor Alexandrovich of RussiaIrina Paley21 May 19231923First cousins once removedAlexander II of Russia and Marie of Hesse
Ferdinand I of AustriaPrincess Maria Anna of SavoyVienna, 27 February 18311831Second cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Ferdinand I of BulgariaPrincess Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma20 April 18931893Second cousins once removedFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Ferdinand I of PortugalLeonor Teles5 May 13721372Fifth cousinsSancho I of Portugal
Ferdinand I of RomaniaPrincess Marie of Edinburgh10 January 18931893Third cousinsFrancis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf
Ferdinand I of NaplesJoanna of Aragon, Queen of Naples14 September 14771477First cousinsFerdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Ferdinand I of the Two SiciliesMaria Carolina of Austria7 April 17681768Second cousins once removedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman EmperorAnne of Bohemia and Hungary26 May 15211521Half-second cousins once removedJohn II of Aragon
Ferdinand II of LeónUrraca of Portugal
(first wife)
May or June 11651165Half-second cousinsAlfonso VI of León and Castile
Ferdinand II of LeónTeresa Fernández de Traba
(second wife)
7 October 11781178Half-first cousinsAlfonso VI of León and Castile
Ferdinand II of the Two SiciliesPrincess Maria Cristina of Savoy
(first wife)
Cagliari, 21 November 18321832Second cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Ferdinand II of the Two SiciliesArchduchess Maria Theresa of Austria
(second wife)
Vienna, 9 January 18371837Double second cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony; Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman EmperorMaria Anna of Bavaria
(first wife)
23 April 16001600First cousinsAlbert V, Duke of Bavaria and Archduchess Anna of Austria
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman EmperorEleonora Gonzaga
(second wife)
2 February 16221622First cousins once removedFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Ferdinand II, Archduke of AustriaAnna Juliana Gonzaga14 May 15821582Half-fourth cousins twice removed[66]Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman EmperorMaria Anna of Spain
(first wife)
20 February 16311631First cousinsCharles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman EmperorMaria Leopoldine of Austria
(second wife)
2 July 16481648First cousinsCharles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman EmperorEleonora Gonzaga
(third wife)
30 April 16511651Second cousins twice removedFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of TuscanyPrincess Luisa of Naples and Sicily
(first wife)
Florence, 15 August 17901790Double first cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria;
Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of TuscanyPrincess Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony
(second wife)
6 May 18211821First cousins once removedFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of TuscanyPrincess Anna of Saxony
(first wife)
24 November 18561856Double third cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria; Philip, Duke of Parma and Louise Élisabeth of France
Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of TuscanyPrincess Alice of Parma
(second wife)
11 January 18681868Half-first cousins once removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies
Ferdinand IV of CastileConstance of Portugal23 January 13021302Half-first cousins once removedAlfonso X of Castile
Ferdinand VI of SpainBarbara of Portugal17291729Third cousins once removedPhilip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria
Ferdinand VII of SpainPrincess Maria Antonia of Naples and Sicily
(first wife)
6 October 18021802First cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Ferdinand VII of SpainMaria Isabel of Braganza
(second wife)
29 September 18161816Second cousins once removed[66]Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Ferdinand VII of SpainMaria Josepha Amalia of Saxony
(third wife)
20 October 18191819First cousins once removedPhilip, Duke of Parma and Louise Élisabeth of France
Ferdinand VII of SpainMaria Christina of the Two Sicilies
(fourth wife)
11 December 18291829First cousins once removed[66]Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Ferdinand, Duke of ParmaArchduchess Maria Amalia of Austria19 July 17691769Third cousins once removedLouis XIII of France and Anne of Austria
Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of DenmarkPrincess Caroline of Denmark1 August 18291829Half-first cousins once removedFrederick V of Denmark
Prince Ferdinand of BavariaInfanta Maria Teresa of Spain12 January 19061906First cousinsIsabella II of Spain and Francis, Duke of Cádiz
Ferdinand, Duke of BreisgauMaria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa5 October 17711771Second cousins once removedPhilippe I, Duke of Orléans and Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine
Ferdinand, Duke of ViseuBeatrice, Duchess of Viseu14471447First cousinsJohn I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster
Ferdinand, Hereditary Prince of Leiningen
(son of Andreas, Prince of Leiningen and Princess Alexandra of Hanover)
Princess Viktoria Luise of Prussia
(granddaughter of Louis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia)
29 April 20172017Second cousins once removed (through Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia); third cousins (through Wilhelm II, German Emperor)Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia and Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha; Wilhelm II, German Emperor and Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein
Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelPrincess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel15 October 17121712First cousins once removedAugustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Duchess Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg
Ferdinand Charles, Archduke of AustriaAnna de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria10 June 16461646Double first cousinsCharles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria; Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Christina of Lorraine
Prince Ferdinand Pius, Duke of CalabriaPrincess Maria Ludwiga Theresia of Bavaria31 May 18971897Half-second cousinsLeopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Prince Ferdinando, Duke of GenoaPrincess Elisabeth of Saxony22 April 18501850Double third cousinsAugustus III of Poland and Maria Josepha of Austria; Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa
Ferdinando Gonzaga, Duke of MantuaCatherine de' Medici, Governor of SienaFebruary 16, 16171617First cousins once removedCosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinando Carlo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and MontferratAnna Isabella Gonzaga
(first wife)
16711671Second cousins once removed; third cousinsCharles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain; Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinando Carlo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and MontferratSuzanne Henriette of Lorraine
(second wife)
8 November 17041704Fifth cousins once removedRené II, Duke of Lorraine and Philippa of Guelders
Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of TuscanyDuchess Violante Beatrice of Bavaria9 January 16891689Third cousinsCharles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of TuscanyVittoria della Rovere26 September 16331633First cousinsFerdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Christina of Lorraine
Fernando II, Duke of BraganzaIsabella of Viseu14721472Half-second cousinsJohn I of Portugal
Flavia DomitillaTitus Flavius ClemensSecond cousinsTitus Flavius Sabinus and Vespasia Polla
Francesco I d'Este, Duke of ModenaMaria Caterina Farnese
(first wife)
11 January 16311631Third cousinsCharles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal
Francesco I d'Este, Duke of ModenaVittoria Farnese d'Este
(second wife)
12 February 16481648Third cousinsCharles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal
Francesco II d'Este, Duke of ModenaMargherita Maria Farnese14 July 16921692First cousinsFrancesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena
Francesco III d'Este, Duke of ModenaCharlotte Aglaé d'Orléans11 February 17201720Third cousinsFrederick V of the Palatinate and Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia
Francesco IV Gonzaga, Duke of MantuaMargaret of Savoy, Vicereine of Portugal19 February 16081608Third cousinsPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Francesco Maria de' Medici, Duke of Rovere and MontefeltroEleonora Luisa Gonzaga14 July 17091709Third cousins once removedCosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Francis I of FranceClaude of France, Duchess of Brittany
(first wife)
Saint-Germain-en-Laye, 18 May 15141514Second cousinsLouis I, Duke of Orléans
Francis I of FranceEleanor of Austria
(second wife)
4 July 15301530Second cousins once removedCharles I, Duke of Bourbon and Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Bourbon
Francis I of the Two SiciliesArchduchess Maria Clementina of Austria
(first wife)
Foggia, 26 June 17971797Double first cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria;
Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Francis I of the Two SiciliesMaría Isabella of Spain
(second wife)
Barcelona, 6 July 18201820First cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Francis I, Holy Roman EmperorMaria Theresa of Austria12 February 17361736Half-second cousinsFerdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Francis II, Holy Roman EmperorPrincess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
(second wife)
15 September 17901790Double first cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria;
Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Francis II, Holy Roman EmperorArchduchess Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
(third wife)
6 January 18081808First cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Francis IV, Duke of ModenaMaria Beatrice of Savoy20 June 18121812Half-third cousins once removed[66]Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldPrincess Sophie of Saxe-Hildburghausen
(first wife)
6 March 17761776Third cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldCountess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf
(second wife)
13 June 17771777Half-fourth cousinsJohn Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg
Prince Francis, Count of TrapaniArchduchess Maria Isabella of Austria10 April 18501850First cousins once removed[66]Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Francis, Duke of TeckPrincess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge12 June 18661866Third cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Francis, Count of VendômeMarie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme14871487Second cousins once removedJohn I, Count of La Marche and Catherine of Vendôme
Francis Josias, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-SaalfeldPrincess Anna Sophie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt2 January 17231723First cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Infante Francisco de Paula, Duke of CádizPrincess Luisa Carlotta of Naples and Sicily12 June 18191819First cousins once removed[66]Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
François d'Orléans, Prince of JoinvillePrincess Francisca of Brazil1 May 18431843First cousins once removedFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
François de Bourbon, Prince of ContiLouise Marguerite of Lorraine24 July 16051605First cousins once removedCharles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
François Louis, Prince of ContiMarie Thérèse de Bourbon22 January 16881688First cousins once removedHenri, Prince of Condé and Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency
Franz, Duke of HohenbergPrincess Elisabeth of Luxembourg9 May 19561956Half-fourth cousinsFrancis I of the Two Sicilies
Franz Joseph I of AustriaDuchess Elisabeth in BavariaSt. Augustine's Church, Vienna, 24 April 18541854First cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Franz Joseph II, Prince of LiechtensteinCountess Georgina von Wilczek7 March 19431943Fourth cousins once removedJoseph, 4th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau and Countess Rosa of Harrach of Rohrau and Thannhausen
Franz Joseph, Prince of Hohenzollern-EmdenPrincess Maria Alix of Saxony25 May 19211921Second cousinsFerdinand II of Portugal and Maria II of Portugal
Franz Joseph, 9th Prince of Thurn and TaxisPrincess Isabel Maria of Braganza23 November 19201920Fourth cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Archduke Franz Salvator of AustriaArchduchess Marie Valerie of Austria31 July 18901890Double third cousinsLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain; Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Frederick I, Duke of AnhaltPrincess Antoinette of Saxe-Altenburg22 April 18541854Second cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Frederick I, Grand Duke of BadenPrincess Louise of Prussia20 September 18561856Third cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Frederick I of DenmarkAnna of Brandenburg
(first wife)
10 April 15021502Second cousinsFrederick I, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Brandenburg
Frederick I of DenmarkSophie of Pomerania
(second wife)
9 October 15181518Third cousins once removedMagnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Catherine of Anhalt-Bernburg
Frederick I of SwedenPrincess Luise Dorothea of Prussia
(first wife)
31 May 17001700First cousinsWilliam VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Margravine Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg
Frederick I of SwedenUlrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden
(second wife)
24 March 17151715Third cousins once removedJoachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg
Frederick I of WürttembergDuchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
(first wife)
15 October 17801780Second cousinsFrederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
Frederick I of WürttembergCharlotte, Princess Royal
(second wife)
18 May 17971797Third cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Frederick I of PrussiaElisabeth Henriette of Hesse-Kassel
(first wife)
16791679First cousinsGeorge William, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, Electress of Brandenburg
Frederick I of PrussiaSophia Charlotte of Hanover
(second wife)
8 October 16841684Second cousinsFrederick IV, Elector Palatine and Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau
Frederick II of PrussiaElisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern12 June 17331733Fourth cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Sophia of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Frederick II of DenmarkSophie of Mecklenburg-GüstrowJuly 20, 15721572Half-first cousinsFrederick I of Denmark
Frederick II, Elector PalatineDorothea of Denmark, Electress Palatine18 May 15351535Second cousins once removedFrederick II, Elector of Saxony and Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony
Frederick II, Elector of SaxonyMargaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony3 June 14311431Third cousins once removedAlbert I of Germany and Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany
Frederick II, Grand Duke of BadenPrincess Hilda of Nassau20 September 18851885Third cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgPrincess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst7 June 16961696First cousinsAugustus, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels and Anna Maria of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-KasselPrincess Mary of Great Britain
(first wife)
28 June 17401740Fourth cousinsFrederick IV, Elector Palatine and Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau
Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-KasselMargravine Philippine of Brandenburg-Schwedt
(second wife)
10 January 17731773Fourth cousinsFrederick IV, Elector Palatine and Countess Louise Juliana of Nassau
Frederick II Eugene, Duke of WürttembergMargravine Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt2 November 17531753Fourth cousins once removedJoachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg
Frederick III, German EmperorVictoria, Princess RoyalChapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 25 January 18581858Third cousinsDuke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Frederick III of DenmarkSophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg1 October 16431643Second cousinsChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-GottorpDuchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony21 February 16301630Second cousins once removedChristian III of Denmark and Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg
Frederick III, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-AltenburgPrincess Luise Dorothea of Saxe-Meiningen17 September 17291729First cousinsFrederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Magdalena Sibylla of Saxe-Weissenfels
Frederick IV of DenmarkLouise of Mecklenburg-Güstrow5 December 16951695Third cousinsFrederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Frederick IV, Duke of Holstein-GottorpHedvig Sophia of Sweden12 May 16981698First cousins (through Frederick III of Denmark); first cousins once removed (though Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp)Frederick III of Denmark; Frederick III, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and Duchess Marie Elisabeth of Saxony
Frederick IV, Landgrave of Hesse-HomburgUlrike Louise of Solms-Braunfels10 October 17461746First cousinsWilhelm Moritz, Count of Solms-Braunfels and Magdalena Sophie of Hesse-Homburg
Frederick V of the PalatinateElizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia14 February 16131613Fourth cousinsMagnus II, Duke of Mecklenburg and Sophie of Pomerania, Duchess of Mecklenburg
Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-HomburgLandgravine Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt27 September 17681768Fourth cousins twice removedGeorge I, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalene of Lippe
Frederick V of DenmarkLouise of Great Britain
(first wife)
11 December 17431743Third cousins once removedGeorge, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
Frederick V of DenmarkJuliana Maria of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
(second wife)
8 July 17521752Half-third cousinsJohn Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg
Frederick VI of DenmarkPrincess Marie Sophie of Hesse-KasselGottorp, 31 July 17901790First cousinsFrederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain
Frederick VI, Landgrave of Hesse-HomburgPrincess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom7 April 18181818Fourth cousinsAlbert II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Sophie Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen
Frederick VII of DenmarkPrincess Vilhelmine Marie of Denmark
(first wife)
Copenhagen, 1 November 18281828Half-second cousinsFrederick V of Denmark
Frederick VII of DenmarkDuchess Caroline Mariane of Mecklenburg
(second wife)
10 June 18411841Third cousins once removedAdolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Frederick VIII of DenmarkLouise of Sweden28 July 18691869Sextuple fourth cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach[77]; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel; Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg and Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim[78]
Frederick IX of DenmarkPrincess Ingrid of SwedenStockholm, 24 May 19351935Double third cousins (through Oscar I of Sweden and Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden); fourth cousins once removed (through Paul I of Russia)Oscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg; Leopold, Grand Duke of Baden and Princess Sophie of Sweden; Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Frederick the SimpleConstance of Aragon, Queen of Sicily11 April 13611361Second cousins once removedPeter III of Aragon
Frederick, Prince of WalesPrincess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha27 April 17361736Third cousins once removedJohann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Dorothea Maria of Anhalt
Prince Frederick, Duke of York and AlbanyPrincess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia29 September 17911791Third cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Prince Frederick of the NetherlandsPrincess Louise of Prussia21 May 18251825First cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Frederick of PrussiaPrincess Luise of Anhalt-Bernburg21 November 18171817Fourth cousins once removedGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Prince Frederick of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Louise of Denmark
(first wife)
5 May 18961896Second cousinsPrince William of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Charlotte of Denmark
Prince Frederick of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Antoinette of Anhalt
(second wife)
26 May 19091909Second cousinsPrince William of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Charlotte of Denmark
Prince Frederick of WürttembergPrincess Catherine of Württemberg20 November 18451845First cousinsFrederick I of Württemberg and Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-NeuenstadtClara Augusta of Brunswick-Lüneburg
(daughter of Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg)
7 June 16531653Fourth cousins once removedJohn Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg and Margaret of Thuringia
Frederick, Duke of Saxe-AltenburgDuchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz3 September 17851785Second cousinsErnest Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen and Countess Sophia Albertine of Erbach-Erbach
Frederick, Prince of HohenzollernPrincess Margarete Karola of Saxony2 June 19201920Second cousinsFerdinand II of Portugal and Maria II of Portugal
Prince Frederick of Hohenzollern-SigmaringenPrincess Louise of Thurn and Taxis21 June 18791879Second cousins once removedCharles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-BayreuthWilhelmine of Prussia, Margravine of Brandenburg-BayreuthNovember 20, 17311731Half-fourth cousins twice removedJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg
Frederick Anton, Prince of Schwarzburg-RudolstadtPrincess Sophia Wilhelmina of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld8 February 17201720First cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Frederick August I, Duke of OldenburgPrincess Ulrike Friederike Wilhelmine of Hesse-Kassel21 November 17521752Fourth cousins once removedJoachim Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg
Prince Frederick Augustus of Anhalt-DessauPrincess Marie Luise Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel11 September 18321832Fifth cousinsAlbert II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Sophie Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen
Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of OldenburgPrincess Elisabeth Anna of Prussia
(first wife)
18 February 18781878Third cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Frederick Augustus II, Grand Duke of OldenburgDuchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
(second wife)
24 October 18961896Third cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Frederick Augustus II of SaxonyArchduchess Marie Caroline of Austria7 October 18191819Second cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Frederick Augustus III of SaxonyArchduchess Louise of Austria21 November 18911891Double third cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain; Charles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Prince Frederick Charles of HessePrincess Margaret of Prussia25 January 18931893Double second cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia
Frederick Charles, Duke of Württemberg-WinnentalMargravine Eleonore Juliane of Brandenburg-Ansbach31 October 16821682Half-second cousins once removedJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg
Frederick Christian, Elector of SaxonyDuchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria13 June 17471747First cousinsJoseph I, Holy Roman Emperor and Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Frederick Christian II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-AugustenburgPrincess Louise Auguste of Denmark27 May 17861786Third cousins once removedChristian V of Denmark and Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Kassel
Frederick Francis I, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinPrincess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg1 June 17751775Third cousinsErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinPrincess Anna of Hesse and by Rhine
(second wife)
4 July 18641864Second cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinPrincess Marie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
(third wife)
4 July 18681868Third cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Frederick Francis III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinGrand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia24 January 18791879Second cousins; second cousins once removedFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinPrincess Alexandra of Hanover7 June 19041904Fourth cousins once removedDuke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Frederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinPrincess Caroline Louise of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach1 July 18101810Fifth cousins once removedJohann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Dorothea Maria of Anhalt
Frederick William I of PrussiaPrincess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover28 November 17061706First cousinsErnest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Sophia of the Palatinate
Frederick William II of PrussiaElisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
(first wife)
Schloss Salzdahlum, 14 July 17651765Double first cousinsFrederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Duchess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Frederick William II of PrussiaFrederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
(second wife)
14 July 17691769Fifth cousinsLouis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalene of Brandenburg
Frederick William III of PrussiaLouise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz24 December 17931793Second cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Frederick William IV of PrussiaElisabeth Ludovika of Bavaria29 November 18231823Second cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Frederick William, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Augusta of Cambridge28 June 18431843First cousins through Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel; second cousins through Duke Charles Louis Frederick of MecklenburgPrince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen; Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Frederick William, Duke of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelPrincess Marie of Baden1 November 18021802Half-third cousins once removedJohn Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
Prince Frederick William of Hesse-KasselGrand Duchess Alexandra Nikolaevna of Russia
(first wife)
28 January 18441844Half-fourth cousinsAdolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Prince Frederick William of Hesse-KasselPrincess Anna of Prussia
(second wife)
26 May 18531853Half-fourth cousinsAdolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Prince Frederick William of Solms-BraunfelsFrederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz10 December 17981798Fourth cousins twice removedJohann VII, Duke of Mecklenburg and Sophia of Holstein-Gottorp
Frederick William, Margrave of Brandenburg-SchwedtPrincess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia10 November 17341734Half-first cousins once removedFrederick William, Elector of Brandenburg
Duke Friedrich of WürttembergPrincess Marie of Wied11 November 19931993Sixth cousins once removedFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Friedrich II, Duke of AnhaltPrincess Marie of Baden2 July 18891889Double third cousins once removedFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt; Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and PyrmontPrincess Bathildis of Schaumburg-Lippe9 August 18951895Second cousinsGeorge I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Prince Friedrich of Saxe-MeiningenCountess Adelaide of Lippe-Biesterfeld24 April 18891889Second cousins once removedKarl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Countess Amalie Henriette of Solms-Baruth
Duke Friedrich August of OldenburgPrincess Marie Cécile of Prussia3 December 19651965Fourth cousins once removedFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Friedrich Christian, Margrave of MeissenPrincess Elisabeth Helene of Thurn and Taxis16 June 19231923Third cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Prince Friedrich Christian of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
(daughter of Prince Albert of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg)
15 October 19621962Second cousinsGeorge William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe and Princess Ida of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Friedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-HolsteinPrincess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg19 March 18851885Third cousins once removedFrederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain
Prince Friedrich Ferdinand of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlücksburgDuchess Anastasia of Mecklenburg-Schwerin1 September 19431943Second cousins once removedFriedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel
Friedrich Günther, Prince of SchwarzburgPrincess Sophie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach7 March 19381938Fifth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Friedrich Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-RudolstadtAuguste of Anhalt-Dessau
(first wife)
15 April 18161816First cousinsFrederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg and Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt
Friedrich Günther, Prince of Schwarzburg-RudolstadtCountess Helene of Reina
(second wife)
(daughter of Prince George Bernhard of Anhalt-Dessau)
7 August 18551855First cousins once removedFrederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg and Princess Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt
Friedrich Josias, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and GothaCountess Viktoria-Luise of Solms-Baruth25 January 19421942First cousinsFriedrich Ferdinand, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein and Princess Karoline Mathilde of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
Prince Friedrich Karl of PrussiaPrincess Maria Anna of Anhalt-Dessau29 November 18541854Second cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Friedrich Sigismund of PrussiaPrincess Marie Louise of Schaumburg-Lippe
(daughter of Prince Frederick of Schaumburg-Lippe)
April 27, 19161916Third cousins once removedFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Friedrich Wilhelm II, Duke of Saxe-AltenburgMagdalene Sibylle of Saxony1 October 16521652Second cousinsWilliam, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and Maria of Austria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
Friedrich Wilhelm, Prince of WiedPrincess Guda of Waldeck and Pyrmont9 September 19581958Second cousins once removedGeorge Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Helena of Nassau
Friedrich Wilhelm, Prince of HohenzollernPrincess Margarita of Leiningen5 January 19511951Half-fourth cousins twice removedCharles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
Infante Gabriel of SpainInfanta Mariana Victoria of Portugal12 April 17851785First cousins once removedPhilip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Prince Gabriel of Bourbon-Two SiciliesPrincess Malgorzata Izabella Czartoryska25 August 19271927Third cousins once removedFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Prince Gaetan, Count of GirgentiIsabella, Princess of Asturias13 May 18681868First cousins once removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Gaius CaesarLivilla1 BC1 BCSecond cousinsGaius Octavius and Atia Balba Caesonia
Gaston, Duke of OrléansMarie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier
(first wife)
6 August 16261626Fourth cousinsJohn VIII, Count of Vendôme and Isabelle de Beauvau
Gaston, Duke of OrléansMarguerite of Lorraine
(second wife)
2–3 January 16321632Third cousins once removedPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Gaston, Count of MarsanMarie Louise de Rohan4 June 17361736Third cousinsCharles I, Duke of Elbeuf and Marguerite de Chabot
Gaston, Count of EuIsabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil15 October 18641864Second cousinsFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Geoffrey II, Duke of BrittanyConstance, Duchess of BrittanyJuly 11811181Half-second cousins; third cousinsHenry I of England; Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland
Georg, Duke of Saxe-AltenburgDuchess Marie Louise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin7 October 18251825Half-third cousins once removedAdolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Georg II, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenPrincess Charlotte of Prussia
(first wife)
18 May 18501850Second cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Georg II, Duke of Saxe-MeiningenPrincess Feodora of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
(second wife)
23 October 18581858Second cousinsChristian Albrecht, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Caroline of Stolberg-Gedern
Georg, Prince of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Marie Anne of Saxe-Altenburg16 April 18821882Fifth cousinsGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Prince Georg of BavariaArchduchess Isabella of Austria10 February 19121912Third cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Georg Alexander, Duke of MecklenburgArchduchess Ilona of Austria20 February 19461946Fifth cousins once removedFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of HessePrincess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark2 February 19311931First cousins once removedLouis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom
Georg Friedrich, Prince of PrussiaPrincess Sophie of IsenburgPotsdam, 25 August 20112011Sixth cousins once-removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Georg Hartmann of Liechtenstein
(son of Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein)
Duchess Marie Christine of Württemberg
(daughter of Philipp Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg
23 September 19481948Half-first cousins once removedArchduke Karl Ludwig of Austria
George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of ClarenceLady Isabel NevilleCalais, France, 11 July 14691469First cousins once removedRalph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland and Joan Beaufort
George I of GreeceOlga Constantinovna of Russia27 October 18671867Sextuple fourth cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach[79]; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel; Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg and Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim[80]
George I of Great BritainDuchess Sophia Dorothea of Brunswick-Celle22 November 16821682First cousinsGeorge, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt
George II of Great BritainCaroline of Ansbach22 August 17051705Third cousins once removedJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst
George II of GreecePrincess Elisabeth of RomaniaBucharest, 27 February 19211921Second cousins (through Queen Victoria), Third cousins (through Nicholas I of Russia)Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia
George II, Landgrave of Hesse-DarmstadtSophia Eleonore of SaxonyApril 1, 16271627Half-first cousins once removedJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg
George III of the United KingdomCharlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz08 Sept 17611761Half-second cousins twice removed (through Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg); Third cousins (through Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha) Fourth cousins twice removed (through Edzard II, Count of East Frisia)Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg; Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg; Edzard II, Count of East Frisia and Catherine Vasa of Sweden
George IV of the United KingdomPrincess Caroline of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelChapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 8 April 17951795First cousinsFrederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
George V of the United KingdomPrincess Mary of TeckChapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 6 July 18931893Double second cousins once removedGeorge III of the United Kingdom and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen
George V of HanoverMarie of Saxe-Altenburg18 February 18431843First cousins once removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
George, King of SaxonyInfanta Maria Anna of Portugal11 May 18591859Third cousins once removedFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
George, Duke of SaxonyBarbara Jagiellon21 November 14961496Second cousins twice removedAlgirdas
George, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-StrelitzPrincess Marie of Hesse-Kassel12 August 18171817Fourth cousinsAlbert II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Sophie Margarete of Oettingen-Oettingen
Prince George, Duke of KentPrincess Marina of Greece and DenmarkWestminster Abbey 29 November 19341934Second cousinsChristian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel
George Maximilianovich, 6th Duke of LeuchtenbergDuchess Therese Petrovna of Oldenburg12 May 18791879Second cousinsPaul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of RussiaPrincess Maria of Greece and Denmark30 April 19001900First cousins once removedNicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia
George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and PyrmontPrincess Helena of Nassau
(first wife)
26 September 18531853Second cousinsCharles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg and Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau
George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and PyrmontPrincess Louise of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
(second wife)
29 April 18911891First cousins once removedGeorge I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Prince George William of Hesse-DarmstadtCountess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Falkenburg-Dagsburg16 March 17481748Third cousinsChristian I, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler and Countess Palatine Magdalene Catherine of Zweibrücken
Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of MilanCaterina ViscontiChurch of San Giovanni in Conca, 2 October 13801380First cousinsStefano Visconti and Valentina Doria
Gottfried, Prince of Hohenlohe-LangenburgPrincess Margarita of Greece and Denmark20 April 19311931Second cousins once removed (through Queen Victoria); Third cousins (through Nicholas I of Russia); Third cousins once removed (through Duke Louis of Württemberg);Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Nicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia; Duke Louis of Württemberg and Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg
Archduke Gottfried of AustriaPrincess Dorothea of Bavaria2 August 19381938Half-second cousins once removedLeopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies
Prince Guillaume of LuxembourgSibilla Sandra Weiller y Torlonia8 September 19941994Triple fifth cousins once removed (through Charles IV of Spain; Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; and Frederick William, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg)
Half-fifth cousins once removed (through Francis I of the Two Sicilies)
Charles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma; Francis I of the Two Sicilies; Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf; Frederick William, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg and Burgravine Louise Isabelle of Kirchberg
Gustaf V of SwedenVictoria of Baden20 September 18811881Third cousins once removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Gustaf VI Adolf of SwedenPrincess Margaret of Connaught
(first wife)
15 June 19051905Third cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Gustaf VI Adolf of SwedenLouise Mountbatten
(second wife)
3 November 19231923Fourth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Gustaf Adolf, Duke of VästerbottenPrincess Sibylla of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha20 October 19321932Second cousinsQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Gustav III of SwedenSophia Magdalena of Denmark1 October 17661766Second cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Gustav, Prince of VasaPrincess Louise Amelie of Baden9 November 18301830First cousinsCharles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Gustavus Adolphus of SwedenMaria Eleonora of Brandenburg25 November 16201620Third cousins once removedChristian I of Denmark and Dorothea of Brandenburg
Haakon VI of NorwayMargaret I of Denmark9 April 13631363Fourth cousins once removedValdemar II of Denmark and Berengaria of Portugal
Haakon VII of NorwayPrincess Maud of WalesBuckingham Palace, 22 July 18961896First cousinsChristian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel
HadrianVibia Sabina100100Second cousins once removedTraianus
Şehzade HalilIrene Palaiologina
(daughter of John V Palaiologos)
28 May 13471347First cousinsJohn VI Kantakouzenos, Byzantine Emperor and Irene Asanina
Hans-Adam I, Prince of LiechtensteinErdmuthe Maria Theresia of Dietrichstein16 February 16811681First cousinsMaximilian, Prince of Dietrichstein and Princess Anna Maria of Liechtenstein
Hans-Adam II, Prince of LiechtensteinMarie Aglaë, Countess Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau30 July 19671967Second cousins once removedFerdinand Bonaventura, 7th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau and Princess Maria of Liechtenstein
Prince Harald of DenmarkPrincess Helena Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg28 April 19091909Second cousinsFriedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg and Princess Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel
Prince Heinrich I Reuss of KöstritzDuchess Woizlawa Feodora of Mecklenburg15 September 19391939Fourth cousinsPaul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Heinrich XXII, Prince Reuss of GreizPrincess Ida of Schaumburg-Lippe8 October 18721872Second cousins once removedCharles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg and Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau
Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger LinePrincess Elise of Hohenlohe-Langenburg11 November 18841884Second cousins (through Karl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg}; Third cousins (through Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg)Karl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Countess Amalie Henriette of Solms-Baruth; Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Prince Heinrich XXXIII Reuss of KöstritzPrincess Victoria Margaret of Prussia17 May 19131913Fourth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Heinrich XXXV Reuss of Köstritz
(son of Heinrich VII, Prince Reuss of Köstritz)
Princess Maria of Saxe-Altenburg
(daughter of Prince Albert of Saxe-Altenburg)
20 April 19111911Second cousins once removedCharles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia
Henri, Count of ChambordArchduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este16 November 18461846Second cousinsVictor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain
Henri d'Orléans, Duke of AumalePrincess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies25 November 18441844First cousinsFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Henri, Count of ParisPrincess Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza8 April 19311931Double third cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily; Pedro I of Brazil and Maria Leopoldina of Austria
Henri d'Orléans, Count of ParisDuchess Marie-Thérèse of Württemberg5 July 19571957Double fourth cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily; Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Henri, Prince of CondéMarie of Cleves, Princess of Condé
(first wife)
15721572First cousinsCharles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
Henri, Prince of CondéCharlotte Catherine de La Trémoille
(second wife)
6 March 15861586Second cousins once removedGuillaume, seigneur de Montmorency
Henri, Prince of CondéCharlotte Marguerite de Montmorency16091609First cousins once removedAnne de Montmorency and Madeleine of Savoy
Henri Jules, Prince of CondéAnne Henriette of Bavaria11 December 16631663Fourth cousinsCharles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
Princess Henrietta Anne of EnglandPhilippe I, Duke of Orléans31 March 16611661First cousinsHenry IV of France and Marie de' Medici
Henry I, Duke of GuiseCatherine of Cleves4 October 15701570Second cousinsFrancis, Count of Vendôme and Marie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme
Henry I of CastileMafalda of Portugal12151215Second cousins once removedRamon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona and Douce I, Countess of Provence
Henry I of NavarreBlanche of ArtoisFebruary 12691269Double third cousins once removedTheobald II, Count of Champagne; Alfonso VII of León
Henry I of EnglandMatilda of Scotland
(first wife)
11 November 11001100Third cousins (through Malcolm II of Scotland); Half-sixth cousins (through Edward the Elder)Malcolm II of Scotland; Edward the Elder
Henry I of EnglandAdeliza of Louvain
(second wife)
24 January 11211121Fourth cousinsMathilde von Sachsen
Henry II of EnglandEleanor of Aquitaine18 May 11521152Half-third cousinsErmengarde of Anjou
Henry II, Duke of LorraineCatherine de Bourbon
(first wife)
31 January 15991599Second cousins once removedCharles, Count of Angoulême and Louise of Savoy
Henry II, Duke of LorraineMargherita Gonzaga, Duchess of Lorraine
(second wife)
24 April 16061606Third cousinsPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Henry III of EnglandEleanor of Provence14 January 12361236Fourth cousinsHumbert II, Count of Savoy and Gisela of Burgundy, Marchioness of Montferrat
Henry III, Duke of MecklenburgIngeborg of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg13621362Third cousins; Fourth cousins once removedBarnim I, Duke of Pomerania; Valdemar II of Denmark and Berengaria of Portugal
Henry IV of EnglandMary de Bohun
(first wife)
27 July 13801380Second cousins (through Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster);
Third cousins (through Edward I of England
Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth; Edward I of England and Eleanor of Castile
Henry IV of EnglandJoan of Navarre
(second wife)
7 February 14031403Third cousinsPhilip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre
Henry IV of FranceMargaret of Valois
(first wife)
Notre Dame Cathedral, 18 August 15721572Second cousinsCharles, Count of Angoulême and Louise of Savoy
Henry IV of FranceMarie de' Medici
(second wife)
17 December 16001600Fourth cousinsGaston IV, Count of Foix and Eleanor of Navarre
Henry IV of CastileBlanche II of Navarre
(first wife)
14401440First cousinsFerdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Henry IV of CastileJoan of Portugal
(second wife)
21 May 14551455First cousins (though Ferdinand I of Aragon); Half-second cousins (through John of Gaunt)Ferdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque; John of Gaunt
Henry V of EnglandCatherine of Valois2 June 14201420Third cousins once removedCharles, Count of Valois
Henry VI of EnglandMargaret of AnjouTitchfield, Hampshire, 23 April 14451445Third cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Henry VII of EnglandElizabeth of YorkWestminster Abbey, 18 January 14861486Third cousinsJohn of Gaunt and Katherine de Roet
Henry VIII of EnglandCatherine of Aragon
(first wife)
Greenwich Palace, 11 June 1509
(annulled 23 May 1533)
1509Half-third cousins once removed (through John of Gaunt);
Double fourth cousins (through Peter of Castile)
John of Gaunt; Peter of Castile and María de Padilla
Henry VIII of EnglandAnne Boleyn
(second wife)
Westminster Abbey, 25 January 1533
(annulled 17 May 1536)
1533Fifth cousins once removed; Half-seventh cousins once removedRichard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel; Edward I of England
Henry VIII of EnglandJane Seymour
(third wife)
York Place, 30 May 15361536Fifth cousinsPhilippa, 5th Countess of Ulster and Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March
Henry VIII of EnglandCatherine Howard
(fifth wife)
Oatlands Palace, 28 July 1540
(annulled 23 November 1541)
1540Fifth cousins once removed; Half-seventh cousins once removedRichard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel; Edward I of England
Henry VIII of EnglandCatherine Parr
(sixth wife)
Hampton Court Palace, London, 12 July 15431543Third cousins (through Sir Richard Wydeville);
Third cousins once removed (through Lady Joan Beaufort)
Double fourth cousins once removed (through Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent and John of Gaunt)
Sir Richard Wydeville; Lady Joan Beaufort; Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent and Alice FitzAlan, Countess of Kent; John of Gaunt and Katherine de Roet
Henry the Young KingMargaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary27 August 11721172Fourth cousinsRobert I, Duke of Burgundy
Prince Henry of the NetherlandsPrincess Amalia of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
(first wife)
19 May 18531853Fourth cousinsFrederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
Prince Henry of the NetherlandsPrincess Marie of Prussia
(second wife)
23 August 18781878First cousins twice removed (though Paul I of Russia); second cousins once removed (through Frederick William II of Prussia)Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg; Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Henry, Count of BardiPrincess Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(first wife)
25 November 18731873Half-first cousins once removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies
Prince Henry, Count of BardiInfanta Adelgundes, Duchess of Guimarães
(second wife)
15 October 18761876Second cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Henry, Duke of VillenaInfanta Catherine, Duchess of VillenaNovember 14181418First cousinsJohn I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
Prince Henry of PrussiaPrincess Wilhelmina of Hesse-Kassel25 June 17521752Fourth cousins once removedLouis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Magdalene of Brandenburg
Henry the LionClementia of Zähringen
(first wife)
11471147Third cousins once removedBernard II, Duke of Saxony and Eilika of Schweinfurt
Henry the LionMatilda of England, Duchess of Saxony
(second wife)
1 February 11681168Third cousins twice removed; fourth cousins once removedBaldwin IV, Count of Flanders; Richard II, Duke of Normandy
Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgDorothea of Saxony
(first wife)
26 September 15851585Third cousinsJohn Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg and Margaret of Thuringia
Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgElizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
(second wife)
19 April 15901590Second cousins once removedJoachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg
Archduke Hubert Salvator of AustriaPrincess Rosemary of Salm-Salm25 November 19261926Fourth cousinsLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Prince Hubertus of PrussiaPrincess Magdalena Reuss of Köstritz5 June 19431943Third cousinsHeinrich LXIII, Prince Reuss of Köstritz
Princess Iniga of Thurn and TaxisPrince Eberhard von Urach
(son of Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Urach)
18 May 19481948Second cousins once removedDuke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria
Princess Irene of Hesse and by RhinePrince Henry of Prussia24 May 18881888First cousins (through Queen Victoria);
Third cousins (through Frederick William II of Prussia);
Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Princess Isabel Alfonsa of Bourbon-Two SiciliesJan Kanty Zamoyski9 March 19291929First cousins once removedPrince Francis, Count of Trapani and Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria
Isabella I of CastileFerdinand II of AragonPalacio de los Vivero, Valladolid, 19 October 14691469Second cousinsJohn I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
Isabella II of SpainFrancis, Duke of Cádiz10 October 18461846Double first cousinsCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma; Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Jacqueline, Countess of HainautJohn, Duke of Touraine
(first husband)
6 August 14151415Second cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Jacqueline, Countess of HainautJohn IV, Duke of Brabant
(second husband)
10 March 14181418First cousinsPhilip the Bold and Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
Jacqueline, Countess of HainautHumphrey, Duke of Gloucester
(third husband)
15 October 14231423Third cousinsWilliam I, Count of Hainaut and Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut
Jacques of Savoy, Count of RomontMarie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme14841484Second cousins once removed[66]John I, Count of La Marche and Catherine of Vendôme
James I of EnglandAnne of DenmarkOld Bishop's Palace in Oslo, 23 November 15891589Third cousins once removedChristian I of Denmark and Dorothea of Brandenburg
James I of ScotlandJoan Beaufort, Queen of Scots12 February 14241424Fifth cousins once removedJohn Fitzgeoffrey and Isabel Bigod
James I of AragonEleanor of Castile12211221Second cousinsAlfonso VII of León
James II of EnglandMary of Modena
(second wife)
21 November 16731673Third cousins once removed; Fourth cousins twice removedCosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany; Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
James II of ScotlandMary of Guelders3 July 14491449Fourth cousins once removedWilliam I, Count of Hainaut and Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut
James II, Count of UrgellIsabella of Aragon, Countess of Urgell29 June 14071407First cousins once removedAlfonso IV of Aragon
James II of AragonIsabella of Castile, Queen of Aragon1 December 12911291First cousins once removedJames I of Aragon
James III of MajorcaConstance of Aragon, Queen of Majorca24 September 13361336Second cousins once removedJames I of Aragon
James III of ScotlandMargaret of Denmark, Queen of ScotlandJuly 14691469Fifth cousinsLouis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
James IV of ScotlandMargaret TudorHolyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, 8 August 15031503Third cousinsJohn Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset and Margaret Holland, Duchess of Clarence
James V of ScotlandMadeleine of Valois
(first wife)
1 January 15371537Third cousins once removedAdolph I, Duke of Cleves and Mary of Burgundy, Duchess of Cleves
James V of ScotlandMary of Guise
(second wife)
May 18, 15381538Third cousinsArnold, Duke of Guelders and Catherine of Cleves
James Francis Edward StuartMaria Clementina Sobieska3 September 17191719Fourth cousins once removedFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Jean, Grand Duke of LuxembourgPrincess Joséphine Charlotte of Belgium9 April 19531953Second cousins once removedMiguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Prince Jean, Duke of GuisePrincess Isabelle of Orléans30 October 18991899First cousinsFerdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans and Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Jean-Christophe, Prince NapoléonOlympia von und zu Arco-Zinneberg17 October 20192019Fourth cousins once removedVictor Emmanuel II of Italy and Adelaide of Austria
Prince Joachim of PrussiaPrincess Marie-Auguste of Anhalt11 March 19161916Double fourth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt; Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Joachim I Nestor, Elector of BrandenburgElizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg10 April 15021502Double second cousins once removedFrederick I, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Brandenburg; Frederick I, Elector of Saxony and Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Joachim II Hector, Elector of BrandenburgMagdalena of Saxony
(first wife)
6 November 15241524Second cousins once removedFrederick II, Elector of Saxony and Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony
Joachim II Hector, Elector of BrandenburgHedwig Jagiellon, Electress of Brandenburg
(second wife)
1 September 15351535Second cousins once removedAlbert II of Germany and Elizabeth of Luxembourg
Joan of AcreGilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester30 April 12901290Half-fifth cousinsHenry I of England
Joanna I of NaplesAndrew, Duke of Calabria
(first husband)
26 September 13331333Second cousinsCharles II of Naples and Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples
Joanna I of NaplesLouis I of Naples
(second husband)
22 August 13471347First cousins (through Charles, Count of Valois); first cousins once removed (through Charles II of Naples)Charles, Count of Valois; Charles II of Naples and Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples
Joanna I of NaplesJames IV of Majorca
(third husband)
September 26, 13631363Second cousins once removedPeter III of Aragon
João I, Duke of BraganzaCatherine, Duchess of Braganza15631563First cousinsJaime, Duke of Braganza
João of Braganza, Marquis of Montemor-o-NovoIsabel of Noronha25 July 14601460Half-third cousinsPeter I of Portugal
Johann VII, Duke of MecklenburgSophia of Holstein-Gottorp17 February 15881588Half-first cousins once removedFrederick I of Denmark
Prince Johann von Nepomuk of Thurn and Taxis (father of Prince Friedrich of Thurn and Taxis)Princess Maria Julia of Lobkowicz26 January 19391939Second cousinsFerdinand Bonaventura, 7th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau and Princess Maria of Liechtenstein
Prince Johann Georg of HohenzollernPrincess Birgitta of Sweden25 May 19611961Octuple fifth cousins; Double fifth cousins once removedFrancis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf[81][82]
Prince Johann Georg of SaxonyDuchess Maria Isabella of Württemberg
(first wife)
5 April 18941894Double third cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain; Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Prince Johann Georg of SaxonyPrincess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(second wife)
30 October 19061906Double third cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain; Charles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Johann Nepomuk Karl, Prince of LiechtensteinCountess Maria Josepha of Harrach-Rohrau
(daughter of Friedrich August von Harrach-Rohrau)
19 March 17441744First cousinsAnton Florian, Prince of Liechtenstein and Countess Eleonore Barbara of Thun-Hohenstein
Johann Wilhelm, Elector PalatineArchduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria
(first wife)
25 October 16781678Second cousinsWilliam V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine
Johann Wilhelm, Elector PalatineAnna Maria Luisa de' Medici
(second wife)
29 April 16911691Third cousins once removedAlbert V, Duke of Bavaria and Archduchess Anna of Austria
Prince Johannes Heinrich of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Mathilde of Saxony12 November 19681968Third cousinsLeopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies
John, King of DenmarkChristina of Saxony6 September 14781478Fourth cousinsStephen II, Duke of Bavaria and Elisabeth of Sicily, Duchess of Bavaria
John, King of EnglandIsabella, Countess of Gloucester
(first wife)
8 September 11761176Half-second cousinsHenry I of England
John, King of EnglandIsabella of Angoulême
(second wife)
24 August 12001200Fourth cousins once removedRoger de Montgomerie and Mabel de Bellême
John I of PortugalPhilippa of Lancaster11 February 13871387Fourth cousins once removedJames I of Aragon
John I of AragonMartha of Armagnac
(first wife)
24 June 13731373Fourth cousins once removedLouis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile
John I of AragonViolant of Bar
(second wife)
2 February 13801380Third cousins once removedCharles II of Naples
John I of CastileEleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
(first wife)
18 June 13751375Third cousins once removedPeter III of Aragon
John I of CastileBeatrice of Portugal
(second wife)
14 May 13831383Second cousins once removedManuel of Castile
John I, Count of HollandElizabeth of Rhuddlan8 January 12971297Third cousins twice removedHenry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine
John II of PortugalEleanor of Viseu22 January 14701470First cousinsEdward, King of Portugal and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Portugal
John II of CastileMaria of Aragon, Queen of Castile
(first wife)
14181418First cousinsJohn I of Castile and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Castile
John II of CastileIsabella of Portugal, Queen of Castile
(second wife)
22 July 14471447Half-first cousins once removedJohn of Gaunt
John II of AragonBlanche I of Navarre
(first wife)
6 November 14191419First cousins once removedHenry II of Castile
John II of AragonJuana Enríquez
(second wife)
1 April 14441444Second cousins once removedAlfonso XI of Castile
John II, Marquess of MontferratIsabella of Majorca4 September 13581358Third cousins once removedJames I of Aragon
John II, Duke of BrabantMargaret of England, Duchess of Brabant8 July 12901290Sixth cousinsWilliam the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders
John II, Duke of BrittanyBeatrice of England22 January 12601260Fourth cousinsAlfonso VII of León
John III of PortugalCatherine of Austria10 February 15251525First cousinsFerdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
John IV, Marquess of MontferratMargaret of Savoy, Countess of Saint-PolDecember 14581458Second cousins once removedAmadeus VI, Count of Savoy and Bonne of Bourbon
John IV, Duke of BrittanyMary of Waltham
(first wife)
3 July 13611361Third cousinsHenry III of England and Eleanor of Provence
John IV, Duke of BrittanyJoan Holland, Duchess of Brittany
(second wife)
May 13661366Third cousinsHenry III of England and Eleanor of Provence
John IV, Duke of BrittanyJoan of Navarre, Queen of England
(third wife)
2 October 13861386Fourth cousins once removedTheobald I of Navarre
John V Palaiologos, Byzantine EmperorHelena KantakouzeneConstantinople, 28 May 13471347Second cousinsMichael VIII Palaiologos, Byzantine Emperor and Theodora Palaiologina
John V of PortugalMaria Anna of Austria27 October 17081708First cousinsPhilip William, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
John VI of PortugalCarlota of Spain8 May 17851785Second cousinsPhilip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
John of GauntBlanche of Lancaster
(first wife)
Reading Abbey, Reading, Berkshire, 19 May 13591359Third cousinsHenry III of England and Eleanor of Provence
John of GauntInfanta Constance of Castile
(second wife)
Roquefort, 21 September 13711371Third cousins twice removedFerdinand III of Castile
John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of BedfordAnne of Burgundy13 May 14231423Fifth cousinsPhilip III of France
John, Duke of ÖstergötlandPrincess Maria Elizabeth of Sweden29 November 16121612First cousinsGustav I of Sweden and Margaret Leijonhufvud
John, Prince of AsturiasMargaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy20 January 14951495Third cousinsJohn I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster
John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-GottorpAugusta of Denmark30 August 15961596Double First cousins once removedFrederick I of Denmark; Anna of Brandenburg
Duke John Albert of MecklenburgPrincess Elisabeth Sybille of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach6 November 18861886Second cousins once removedPaul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
John Casimir, Count Palatine of KleeburgCatherine of Sweden, Countess Palatine of Kleeburg11 June 16151615Second cousinsPhilip I, Landgrave of Hesse and Christine of Saxony
John Christian, Count Palatine of SulzbachMaria Henriette de La Tour d'Auvergne
(first wife)
15 February 17221722Fifth cousins once removedWilliam I, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg
John Christian, Count Palatine of SulzbachLandgravine Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg
(second wife)
21 January 17311731Third cousinsMaurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
John Frederick, Duke of WürttembergBarbara Sophie of Brandenburg5 November 16091609Third cousinsJoachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg
John Frederick II, Duke of SaxonyAgnes of Hesse26 May 15551555Third cousinsFrederick II, Elector of Saxony and Margaret of Austria, Electress of Saxony
John George I, Elector of SaxonyDuchess Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia19 July 16071607Third cousinsJoachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth of Denmark, Electress of Brandenburg
John George II, Elector of SaxonyMargravine Magdalene Sibylle of Brandenburg-Bayreuth13 November 16381638Second cousins once removedJoachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg
John George III, Elector of SaxonyPrincess Anna Sophie of Denmark9 October 16661666Second cousins once removed; triple third cousinsJohn George, Elector of Brandenburg; Elisabeth of Anhalt-Zerbst
John Manuel, Prince of PortugalArchduchess Joan of AustriaLisbon, 20 January 15541554Double first cousinsPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile; Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon
José, Prince of BrazilInfanta Benedita of Portugal21 February 17771777First cousins[83]John V of Portugal and Maria Anna of Austria
Joseph I of PortugalMariana Victoria of Spain19 January 17291729Second cousins; third cousins once removedPhilip William, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt; Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria
Joseph I, Holy Roman EmperorWilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg24 February 16991699Fifth cousins twice removedChristian I of Denmark and Dorothea of Brandenburg
Joseph II, Holy Roman EmperorPrincess Isabella of Parma
(first wife)
6 October 17601760Third cousins once removedLouis XIII of France and Anne of Austria
Joseph II, Holy Roman EmperorMaria Josepha of Bavaria
(second wife)
13 January 17651765Second cousinsLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Archduke Joseph August of AustriaPrincess Auguste of Bavaria15 November 18931893Second cousins twice removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Archduke Joseph Francis of AustriaPrincess Anna of Saxony4 October 19261926Half-second cousins once removedLeopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Joseph Johann Adam, Prince of LiechtensteinPrincess Maria Gabriele of Liechtenstein
(daughter of Hans-Adam I, Prince of Liechtenstein)
1 December 17121712Second cousins once removedPrince Hartmann II of Liechtenstein and Countess Anna Maria of Ortenburg
Archduke Joseph Karl of AustriaPrincess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha12 May 18641864Second cousins once removedCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria
(son of Archduke Joseph Árpád of Austria)
Princess Margarete von Hohenberg
(granddaughter of Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg)
28 December 19901990Fourth cousins once removedArchduke Franz Karl of Austria and Princess Sophie of Bavaria
Joseph Wenzel I, Prince of LiechtensteinAnna Maria of Liechtenstein17181718First cousinsPrince Hartmann III of Liechtenstein
(son of Gundakar, Prince of Liechtenstein) and Countess Sidonie Elisabeth of Salm-Reifferscheidt
Josias, Hereditary Prince of Waldeck and PyrmontDuchess Altburg of Oldenburg25 August 19221922Third cousinsVictor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym and Amelia of Nassau-Weilburg
Infante Juan, Count of BarcelonaPrincess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies12 October 19351935Third cousinsFerdinand VII of Spain and Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Juan, Count of MontizónArchduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este
(daughter of Francis IV, Duke of Modena)
6 February 18471847Third cousinsPhilip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese
Juan Carlos I of SpainPrincess Sophia of Greece and DenmarkChurch of Saint Dennis, Athens, 14 May 19621962Third cousins; third cousins once removedQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
JuliaNero Caesar
(first husband)
AD 2020First cousinsNero Claudius Drusus and Antonia Minor
Julia the ElderMarcus Claudius MarcellusRome, 25 BC25 BCFirst cousinsGaius Octavius and Atia Balba Caesonia
Julia the YoungerLucius Aemilius PaullusBC 5BC 5Half-first cousinsScribonia
Julia DrusillaMarcus Aemilius LepidusNovember 3737First cousinsMarcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder
Julia FlaviaTitus Flavius SabinusSecond cousinsTitus Flavius Sabinus and Vespasia Polla
JulianHelena6 November 355355Half-first cousinsConstantius Chlorus
Karl, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlücksburgPrincess Vilhelmine Marie of Denmark19 May 18381838First cousinsPrince Charles of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Louise of Denmark
Karl, Prince of LeiningenGrand Duchess Maria Kirillovna of Russia25 November 19251925Half-third cousinsPrincess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Prince Karl of LeiningenPrincess Marie Louise of Bulgaria14 February 19571957Fourth cousins once removedFrancis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf
Prince Karl Alfred of LiechtensteinArchduchess Agnes Christina of Austria17 February 19491949Second cousins once removedArchduke Franz Karl of Austria and Princess Sophie of Bavaria
Prince Karl Anton of HohenzollernPrincess Joséphine Caroline of Belgium28 May 18941894First cousinsKarl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern and Princess Josephine of Baden
Karl Anton August, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-BeckCountess Charlotte of Dohna-SchlodienKönigsberg, 30 May 17541754First cousinsFrederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck and Louise Charlotte of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachLandgravine Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt3 October 17751775Fifth cousins once removedJohann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Dorothea Maria of Anhalt
Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and PyrmontCountess Palatine Christiane Henriette of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld19 August 17411741First cousinsChristian II, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld and Countess Katharina Agathe of Rappoltstein
Karl August, 10th Prince of Thurn and TaxisPrincess Maria Anna of Braganza18 August 19211921Fourth cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Prince Karl Franz of PrussiaPrincess Henriette of Schönaich-Carolath1 October 19401940Sixth cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Karl Georg August, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-WolfenbüttelPrincess Louise of Orange-Nassau14 October 17901790Double second cousinsGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach; Frederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
Archduke Karl Ludwig of AustriaPrincess Margaretha of Saxony
(first wife)
4 November 18561856First cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Archduke Karl Ludwig of AustriaPrincess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(second wife)
21 October 18621862Second cousinsLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Archduke Karl Ludwig of AustriaInfanta Maria Theresa of Portugal
(third wife)
23 July 18731873Third cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Archduke Karl Salvator of AustriaPrincess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies19 September 18611861First cousinsFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Karl Theodor, Duke in BavariaPrincess Sophie of Saxony11 February 18651865First cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Princess Katharina of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
(granddaughter of Gottfried, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg)
Prince Nikolaus of Waldeck and Pyrmont
(grandson of Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont)
29 September 20022002Fifth cousinsPrince William of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Charlotte of Denmark
Knud, Hereditary Prince of DenmarkPrincess Caroline-Mathilde of Denmark8 September 19331933First cousinsFrederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden
Prince Konrad of BavariaPrincess Maria Bona of Savoy-Genoa8 January 19211921Second cousinsLudwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Prince Konstantin of BavariaPrincess Maria Adelgunde of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
(daughter of Frederick, Prince of Hohenzollern)
26 August 19421942Triple fourth cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria; Caroline of Baden; Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria; Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of RussiaPrincess Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg27 April 18841884Second cousins; second cousins once removedFrederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; Paul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of RussiaPrincess Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg11 September 18481848Second cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince Leopold, Duke of AlbanyPrincess Helena of Waldeck and PyrmontSt. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, 27 April 18821882Third cousins twice removedDuke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg and Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen
Leopold I, Prince of LippePrincess Pauline of Anhalt-Bernburg2 January 17961796Second cousins once removedKarl Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg and Sophie Albertine of Solms-Sonnenwalde
Leopold I of BelgiumPrincess Charlotte of Wales
(first wife)
2 May 18161816Fourth cousinsFrederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Magdalena Sibylla of Saxe-Weissenfels
Leopold I of BelgiumLouise of Orléans
(second wife)
9 August 18321832Third cousins once removedLouis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen
Leopold I, Holy Roman EmperorMargarita Teresa of Spain
(first wife)
Vienna, 12 December 16661666First cousins[66]Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria
Leopold I, Holy Roman EmperorClaudia Felicitas of Austria
(second wife)
15 October 16731673Second cousinsCharles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Leopold I, Holy Roman EmperorEleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
(third wife)
14 December 16761676Second cousinsWilliam V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine
Leopold II, Holy Roman EmperorMaria Luisa of Spain16 February 17641764Second cousins once removedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Leopold II, Grand Duke of TuscanyPrincess Maria Anna of Saxony
(first wife)
16 November 18171817Second cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa
Leopold II, Grand Duke of TuscanyPrincess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies
(second wife)
Naples, 7 June 18331833First cousinsFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Leopold II of BelgiumMarie Henriette of Austria22 August 18531853Second cousins once removedCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Leopold III of BelgiumAstrid of Sweden4 November 19261926Half-third cousins once removedMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Leopold IV, Duke of AnhaltPrincess Frederica Wilhelmina of Prussia18 April 18181818Second cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Leopold V, Archduke of AustriaClaudia de' Medici19 April 16261626Second cousins twice removedPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Leopold, Hereditary Prince of AnhaltPrincess Elisabeth of Hesse-Kassel26 May 18841884Third cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Leopold, Duke of LorraineÉlisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans13 October 16981698Third cousinsCharles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Leopold, Prince of SalernoArchduchess Clementina of Austria28 July 18161816First cousins once removed[66]Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa
Prince Leopold of BavariaArchduchess Gisela of Austria20 April 18731873Half-second cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Archduke Leopold Salvator of AustriaInfanta Blanca of Spain24 October 18891889Half-second cousins once removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies
Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of ClarenceElizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster
(first wife)
Tower of London, 15 August 13521352Second cousins once removedEdward I of England and Eleanor of Castile
Prince Lorenz of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-EstePrincess Astrid of Belgium22 September 19841984Third cousins once removedMiguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Louis I of EtruriaMaria Luisa, Duchess of Lucca5 August 17951795First cousinsPhilip, Duke of Parma and Louise Élisabeth of France
Louis I of SpainLouise Élisabeth d'Orléans20 January 17221722Half-first cousins once removedLouis XIV of France
Louis I, Grand Duke of HessePrincess Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt19 February 17771777First cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Louis II, Grand Duke of HessePrincess Wilhelmine of Baden19 June 18041804First cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Louis II of HungaryMary of Austria22 July 15151515Half-second cousins once removedJohn II of Aragon
Louis III of NaplesMargaret of Savoy, Duchess of Anjou31 Mar 14311431Second cousins once removedJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Louis III, Grand Duke of HessePrincess Mathilde Caroline of Bavaria26 December 18331833Second cousinsPrince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
Louis IV, Grand Duke of HessePrincess Alice of the United KingdomOsborne House, 1 July 18621862Fourth cousinsFerdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Louis VII of FranceEleanor of Aquitaine
(first wife)
25 July 11371137Third cousins once removedRobert II of France and Constance of Arles
Louis VII of FranceConstance of Castile
(second wife)
11541154Third cousins once removedRobert II of France and Constance of Arles
Louis VII of FranceAdela of Champagne
(third wife)
18 October 11601160Third cousins once removedRobert II of France and Constance of Arles
Louis XI of FranceCharlotte of Savoy14 February 14511451Third cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Louis XII of FranceJoan of France, Duchess of Berry
(first wife)
8 September 14761476Second cousins once removedCharles V of France and Joanna of Bourbon
Louis XII of FranceAnne, Duchess of Brittany
(second wife)
8 January 14991499First cousins once removedLouis I, Duke of Orléans
Louis XII of FranceMary Tudor, Queen of France
(third wife)
9 October 15141514Second cousins twice removedCharles V of France and Joanna of Bourbon
Louis XIII of FranceAnne of Austria24 November 16151615Second cousinsFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Louis XIV of FranceMaria Theresa of SpainSaint Jean-Baptiste Church, Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 9 June 16601660Double first cousinsHenry IV of France and Marie de' Medici; Philip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria
Louis XVI of FranceArchduchess Maria Antonia of AustriaPalace of Versailles, 16 May 17701770Second cousins once removedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Louis XVIII of FrancePrincess Marie Joséphine of SavoyPalace of Versailles, 14 May 17711771Double second cousins once removedLouis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and Anne Marie d'Orléans
Prince Louis, Count of AquilaPrincess Januária of Brazil28 April 18441844First cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Louis, Grand DauphinDuchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria28 January 16801680Second cousinsHenry IV of France and Marie de' Medici
Louis, Dauphin of FranceInfanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain
(first wife)
18 December 17441744First cousins once removedLouis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
Louis, Dauphin of FranceMaria Josepha of Saxony, Dauphine of France
(second wife)
9 February 17471747Fourth cousins once removedPhilip III of Spain and Margaret of Austria
Louis of CyprusCharlotte, Queen of Cyprus7 October 14591459First cousinsJanus of Cyprus and Charlotte of Bourbon, Queen of Cyprus
Louis, Duke of BurgundyMarie Adélaïde of Savoy6 December 16971697Double second cousinsLouis XIII of France and Anne of Austria; Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy and Christine of France
Louis, Duke of JoyeuseMarie Anne de Bourbon17191719Half-third cousinsHenry IV of France
Prince Louis, Duke of NemoursPrincess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha27 April 18401840Fourth cousinsLouis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen
Louis d'Orléans, Duke of OrléansMargravine Auguste of Baden-Baden13 July 17241724Half-fourth cousinsPhilip II of Spain
Louis, Duke of SavoyAnne of Cyprus12 February 14341434Third cousins once removedLouis I, Duke of Bourbon and Mary of Avesnes
Duke Louis of WürttembergPrincess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg28 January 17971797Third cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Louis, Prince of CondéLouise Françoise de Bourbon, Duchess of Bourbon25 May 16851685Fourth cousins once removedCharles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
Louis Armand I, Prince of ContiMarie Anne de Bourbon16 January 16801680Fourth cousinsCharles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
Louis Armand II, Prince of ContiLouise Élisabeth de Bourbon9 July 17131713First cousinsHenri Jules, Prince of Condé and Anne Henriette of Bavaria
Louis Auguste, Duke of MaineLouise Bénédicte de Bourbon19 May 16921692Fourth cousins once removedCharles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
Prince Louis Charles of PrussiaFrederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz26 December 17931793Second cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Louis Ferdinand, Prince of PrussiaGrand Duchess Kira Kirillovna of Russia21 October 19381938Second cousins once removedQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Louis François, Prince of ContiLouise Diane d'Orléans21 January 17321732First cousins once removedLouis XIV of France and Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan
Louis François Joseph, Prince of ContiMaria Fortunata d'Este7 February 17591759First cousinsPhilippe II, Duke of Orléans and Françoise Marie de Bourbon
Louis Frederick I, Prince of Schwarzburg-RudolstadtAnna Sophie of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg15 October 16911691Fourth cousins twice removedMagnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg and Catherine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg
Louis George, Margrave of Baden-BadenDuchess Maria Anna Josepha of Bavaria20 July 17551755Third cousins once removedCharles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain
Louis Henri, Prince of CondéBathilde d'Orléans20 April 17701770Second cousinsLouis, Prince of Condé and Louise Françoise de Bourbon, Duchess of Bourbon
Louis Henri, Duke of BourbonMarie Anne de Bourbon9 August 17131713First cousinsHenri Jules, Prince of Condé and Anne Henriette of Bavaria
Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, Duke of PenthièvreMaria Teresa Felicitas d'Este17441744First cousins once removedLouis XIV of France and Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan
Louis Joseph, Duke of GuiseÉlisabeth Marguerite d'Orléans15 May 16671667Fifth cousinsRené II, Duke of Lorraine and Philippa of Guelders
Louis Joseph, Duke of VendômeMarie Anne de Bourbon, Duchess of Vendôme21 May 17101710Fourth cousins once removedCharles, Duke of Vendôme and Françoise d'Alençon
Louis Philippe IMaria Amalia of Naples and Sicily25 November 18091809Double third cousins once removedLouis XIV of France; Philippe I, Duke of Orléans and Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine
Louis Philippe I, Duke of OrléansLouise Henriette de Bourbon17 December 17431743Second cousinsLouis XIV of France and Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan
Louis Philippe II, Duke of OrléansLouise Marie Adélaïde de BourbonPalace of Versailles, 5 April 17691769Second cousinsPhilippe II, Duke of Orléans and Françoise Marie de Bourbon
Louise, Princess RoyalAlexander Duff, 1st Duke of FifeBuckingham Palace, 27 July 18891889Third cousinsGeorge III of the United Kingdom and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Lucius AeliusAvidia PlautiaBefore 130130First cousins
Ludwig I of BavariaTherese of Saxe-Hildburghausen12 October 18101810First cousins once removedPrince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
Ludwig III of BavariaMaria Theresa of Austria-EsteFebruary 20, 18681868Second cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Prince Ludwig of BavariaPrincess Irmingard of BavariaJuly 20, 19501950First cousinsLudwig III of Bavaria and Maria Theresa of Austria-Este
Prince Ludwig August of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Leopoldina of Brazil15 December 18641864Second cousinsFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Prince Ludwig Gaston of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Mathilde of Bavaria1 May 19001900Second cousins twice removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Prince Ludwig Ferdinand of BavariaInfanta María de la Paz of SpainApril 2, 18831883First cousinsInfante Francisco de Paula, Duke of Cádiz and Princess Luisa Carlotta of Naples and Sicily
Prince Ludwig Philipp of Thurn and TaxisPrincess Elisabeth of Luxembourg14 November 19221922Fourth cousinsCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Luís I of PortugalMaria Pia of Savoy6 October 18621862Second cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Prince Luís of Orléans-BraganzaPrincess Maria di Grazia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies4 November 19081908Second cousinsFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Count Luitpold of Castell-CastellPrincess Alexandrine-Louise of Denmark22 January 19371937Fifth cousinsFrederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain
Macbeth, King of ScotlandGruoch of ScotlandThird cousinsMalcolm I of Scotland
Magnus III of Mecklenburg-SchwerinElizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg26 August 15431543Third cousinsFrederick I, Elector of Brandenburg and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Electress of Brandenburg
Manuel I of PortugalIsabella, Princess of Asturias
(first wife)
Estremoz, 3 November 14901490Second cousins; half-third cousinsFerdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque; John of Gaunt
Manuel I of PortugalMaria of Aragon
(second wife)
Alcazar de Sal, 30 October 15001500Second cousins; half-third cousinsFerdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque; John of Gaunt
Manuel I of PortugalEleanor of Austria
(third wife)
16 July 15181518Second cousins once removed; half-third cousins once removedFerdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque; John of Gaunt
Manuel II of PortugalPrincess Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern4 September 19131913Second cousinsFerdinand II of Portugal and Maria II of Portugal
Manuel of CastileConstance of Aragon, Lady of Villena12601260Third cousinsAlfonso VII of León
Marcus Aurelius, Emperor of RomeFaustina the Younger13 May 145145First cousinsMarcus Annius Verus and Rupilia
Marcus Valerius Messalla BarbatusDomitia Lepida the Younger1515Half-first cousinsOctavia the Younger
Margaret, Countess of PembrokeJohn Hastings, 2nd Earl of Pembroke19 May 13591359Half-fourth cousins once removedIsabella of Angoulême
Maria of Portugal, Lady of Meneses and OrduñaFernando Díaz de Haro, Lord of Orduña and Balmaseda13151315Half-first cousins once removedAlfonso X of Castile
Maria of Portugal, Marchioness of TortosaInfante Fernando, Marquis of Tortosa
(son of Alfonso IV of Aragon)
13541354Second cousinsSancho IV of Castile
Maria I of PortugalPeter III of Portugal6 June 17601760Second cousins once removed[66]Philip William, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Maria II of PortugalAuguste, Duke of Leuchtenberg
(first husband)
1 December 18341834Fifth cousins once removedPhilip William, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Maria II of PortugalFerdinand II of Portugal
(second husband)
1 January 18361836Fourth cousins once removedLouis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen
Princess Maria de los Dolores of Bourbon-Two SiciliesAugustyn Józef Czartoryski12 August 19371937Third cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Princess Maria Cristina of Savoy-AostaPrince Casimir of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(son of Prince Gabriel of Bourbon-Two Sicilies)
29 January 19671967Third cousins twice removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Princess Maria Francesca of SavoyPrince Luigi of Bourbon-Parma
(son of Robert I, Duke of Parma)
23 January 19391939Fourth cousinsLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna of RussiaPrince Franz Wilhelm of Prussia4 September 19761976Third cousins once removedQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Princess Marie of OrléansPrince Gundakar of Liechtenstein22 July 19891989Fifth cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Marie de Bourbon, Duchesse d'Estouteville
(daughter of Francis de Bourbon, Count of St. Pol)
Jean, Count of Soissons and Enghien
(son of Charles, Duke of Vendôme)
First cousinsFrancis, Count of Vendôme and Marie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme
Princess Marie Adelheid of LippePrince Heinrich XXXII Reuss of Köstritz
(first husband)
19 May 19201920Fourth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Princess Marie Adelheid of LippePrince Heinrich XXXV Reuss of Köstritz
(second husband)
(son of Heinrich VII, Prince Reuss of Köstritz)
12 April 19211921Fourth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Princess Marie Thérèse of FranceLouis Antoine, Duke of AngoulêmeMittau, Courland, 10 June 17991799First cousinsLouis, Dauphin of France and Maria Josepha of Saxony, Dauphine of France
Martin of AragonMargaret of Prades17 September 14091409Second cousins once removedJames II of Aragon
Martin I of SicilyMaria, Queen of SicilyFebruary, 13921392First cousinsPeter IV of Aragon
Mary, Queen of ScotsFrancis II of France
(first husband)
24 April 15581558Second cousinsJohn VIII, Count of Vendôme and Isabelle de Beauvau
Mary, Queen of ScotsHenry Stuart, Lord Darnley
(second husband)
Chapel-Royal, Palace of Holyroodhouse, Edinburgh, 9 July 15651565Half-first cousinsMargaret Tudor
Mary, Queen of ScotsJames Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell
(third husband)
Great Hall, Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh, 15 May 15671567Half-third cousins once removedLady Joan Beaufort
Empress MatildaHenry V, Holy Roman Emperor
(first husband)
January 11141114Second cousins twice removedGisela of Swabia
Empress MatildaGeoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou
(second husband)
11281128Fourth cousins once removedRichard I of Normandy
Matthew, Count of BoulogneMarie I, Countess of Boulogne11601160Third cousinsBaldwin V, Count of Flanders and Adela of France
Matthew, Count of FoixJoanna of Aragon, Countess of Foix4 June 13921392Half-fourth cousinsPeter III of Aragon
Matthias, Holy Roman EmperorAnna of Tyrol4 December 16111611First cousinsFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Maurice, Elector of SaxonyAgnes of Hesse9 January 15411541First cousins once removedAlbert III, Duke of Saxony and Sidonie of Poděbrady
Prince Maurice of SavoyPrincess Luisa Cristina of Savoy8 August 16421642Third cousins once removed[66]Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Maximilian I, Holy Roman EmperorMary, Duchess of Burgundy
(first wife)
Ghent, 18 August 14771477Second cousinsJohn I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster
Maximilian I, Holy Roman EmperorAnne of Brittany
(second wife)
19 December 14901490Second cousins once removedFerdinand I of Aragon and Eleanor of Alburquerque
Maximilian I of MexicoPrincess Charlotte of BelgiumBrussels, 27 July 18571857Second cousinsFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Maximilian I, Elector of BavariaElisabeth of Lorraine
(first wife)
9 February 15951595First cousinsFrancis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark
Maximilian I, Elector of BavariaArchduchess Maria Anna of Austria
(second wife)
15 July 16351635Second cousins[66]Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Maximilian I Joseph of BavariaPrincess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt
(first wife)
30 September 17851785Fourth cousinsGeorge II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Sophia Eleonore of Saxony
Maximilian I Joseph of BavariaCaroline of Baden
(second wife)
9 March 17971797Fourth cousins once removedGeorge II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Sophia Eleonore of Saxony
Maximilian II, Holy Roman EmperorMaria of Spain13 September 15481548First cousinsPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of BavariaMaria Antonia of Austria15 July 16851685Second cousinsFerdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Maximilian II of BavariaMarie of Prussia12 October 18421842Third cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of BavariaMaria Anna Sophia of Saxony9 July 17471747First cousinsJoseph I, Holy Roman Emperor and Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Prince Maximilian of BadenPrincess Marie Louise of Hanover10 July 19001900Fourth cousinsFrederick V of Denmark and Louise of Great Britain
Maximilian, Hereditary Prince of SaxonyPrincess Carolina of Parma
(first wife)
22 April 17921792Third cousins once removedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Maximilian, Hereditary Prince of SaxonyPrincess Maria Luisa Carlota of Parma
(second wife)
15 October 18251825Third cousins once removedLeopold I, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of LeuchtenbergGrand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia2 July 18391839Second cousins once removedPrince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
Maximilian Anton, Hereditary Prince of Thurn and TaxisDuchess Helene in Bavaria24 August 18581858Fourth cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Duke Maximilian Joseph in BavariaPrincess Ludovika of BavariaSeptember 9, 18281828First cousins once removedFrederick Michael, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken and Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach
Michael I of RomaniaPrincess Anne of Bourbon-ParmaAthens, 10 June 19481948Second cousins once removedChristian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of RussiaSophie of Merenberg10 March 18911891Third cousins once removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of RussiaOlga Feodorovna of Baden28 August 18571857Third cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich of RussiaPrincess Charlotte of Württemberg19 February 18241824First cousins once removedFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
Archduchess Michaela of Austria
(daughter of Archduke Otto of Austria)
Count Hubertus von Kageneck
(son of Princess Elisabeth Maria of Bavaria)
22 October 19941994Fourth cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Prince Michel of Bourbon-ParmaPrincess Maria Pia of Savoy20032003Second cousins once removedMiguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Michel, 14th Prince of LignePrincess Eleonora of Orléans-Braganza10 March 19811981Fourth cousins once removedJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Miguel I of PortugalAdelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg24 September 18511851Sixth cousins once removedJohn George I, Elector of Saxony and Duchess Magdalene Sibylle of Prussia
Miguel, Duke of BraganzaPrincess Elisabeth of Thurn and Taxis
(first wife)
17 October 18771877Fourth cousins once removedLouis Crato, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken and Countess Philippine Henriette of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Miguel, Duke of BraganzaPrincess Maria Theresa of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
(second wife)
Kleinheubach, 8 November 18931893First cousinsConstantine, Hereditary Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg and Princess Agnes of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Archduchess Monika of Austria
(daughter of Archduke Otto of Austria)
Luis María de Casanova-Cárdenas y Barón, 5th Duke of Santángelo21 June 19801980Fifth cousins once removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and María Isabella of Spain
Prince Moritz of Saxe-AltenburgPrincess Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen15 October 18621862Fourth cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Princess Nadezhda of BulgariaDuke Albrecht Eugen of Württemberg
(son of Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg)
24 January 19241924Second cousinsFerdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria
Napoleon Louis BonaparteCharlotte Napoléone Bonaparte1823?1823First cousinsCarlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino
Nero, Emperor of RomeClaudia OctaviaRome, 9 June AD 5353Double first cousins once removedLucius Domitius Ahenobarbus and Antonia Major; Nero Claudius Drusus and Antonia Minor
Nicholas I of RussiaPrincess Charlotte of PrussiaChapel of the Winter Palace, 13 July 18171817Third cousinsFrederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
Nicholas II of RussiaPrincess Alix of Hesse and by RhineGrand Church of the Winter Palace, Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg, 26 November 18941894Second cousinsLouis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Princess Wilhelmine of Baden
Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of RussiaDuchess Alexandra Petrovna of Oldenburg6 February 18561856First cousins once removedPaul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
Prince Nicholas of Greece and DenmarkGrand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia29 August 19021902Second cousinsNicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia
Nicholas Francis, Duke of LorraineClaude Françoise de Lorraine18 February 16341634First cousinsCharles III, Duke of Lorraine and Claude of France
Prince Nikolaus of LiechtensteinPrincess Margaretha of Luxembourg20 March 19821982Third cousinsMiguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
Nikolaus, Hereditary Grand Duke of OldenburgPrincess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont26 October 19211921Third cousinsVictor II, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym and Amelia of Nassau-Weilburg
Odo III, Duke of BurgundyTheresa of Portugal, Countess of Flanders11931193Second cousins twice removedHenry, son of Robert I of Burgundy
Odoardo Farnese, Duke of ParmaMargherita de' Medici16281628Third cousins once removedPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Olav V of NorwayPrincess Märtha of SwedenOslo Cathedral, 21 March 19291929First cousinsFrederick VIII of Denmark and Louise of Sweden
Duchess Olga of WürttembergPrince Maximilian of Schaumburg-Lippe
(son of Prince William of Schaumburg-Lippe)
3 November 18981898First cousins once removedGeorge William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe and Princess Ida of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Oscar II of SwedenSophia of Nassau6 June 18571857Third cousins once removedPrince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
Archduke Otto of AustriaPrincess Maria Josepha of Saxony2 October 18861886Second cousins; second cousins once removedMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden; Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
Archduke Otto of AustriaPrincess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen10 May 19511951Fourth cousinsKarl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Countess Amalie Henriette of Solms-Baruth
Paul of GreecePrincess Frederica of HanoverAthens, 9 January 19381938First cousins once removed (through Frederick III, German Emperor and Victoria, Princess Royal);
Second cousins (through Christian IX of Denmark);
Third cousins (through Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg);
Frederick III, German Emperor and Victoria, Princess Royal; Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel; Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Duchess Amelia of Württemberg
Prince Paul of WürttembergPrincess Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen28 September 18051805Fifth cousinsErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of RussiaGrand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia17 June 18891889First cousins once removedNicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia
Paul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-SchwerinPrincess Alexandrine of Prussia25 May 18221822Fourth cousins once removedAdolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg and Marie Katharina of Brunswick-Dannenberg
Duke Paul Frederick of MecklenburgPrincess Marie of Windisch-Graetz5 May 18811881First cousinsPaul Frederick, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Alexandrine of Prussia
Duke Paul Wilhelm of WürttembergPrincess Maria Sophia of Thurn and Taxis17 April 18271827Third cousinsAnselm Franz, 2nd Prince of Thurn and Taxis and Maria Ludovika Anna Franziska, Princess of Lobkowicz
Pedro I of BrazilArchduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria
(first wife)
18171817Second cousinsCharles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Pedro I of BrazilAmelie of Leuchtenberg
(second wife)
2 August 18291829Fifth cousinsPhilip William, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Pedro II of BrazilTeresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies30 May 18431843Double first cousins once removedFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria; Charles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Infante Pedro Carlos of Spain and PortugalMaria Teresa, Princess of Beira13 May 18101810First cousins (through Maria I of Portugal and Peter III of Portugal); first cousins once removed (through Charles III of Spain)Maria I of Portugal and Peter III of Portugal; Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony
Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-BraganzaPrincess María de la Esperanza of Bourbon-Two Sicilies18 December 19441944Double third cousinsFrancis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain; Louis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-BraganzaPrincess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria19 August 19371937Half-third cousinsLeopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Peter I of PortugalConstanza Manuel
(first wife)
24 August 13391339Second cousins once removedFerdinand III of Castile
Peter I of PortugalInês de Castro
(second wife)
13461346Half-first cousins once removedSancho IV of Castile
Peter I, Grand Duke of OldenburgDuchess Frederica of Württemberg6 June 17811781Fourth cousins once removed; fifth cousins twice removedGeorge, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt; Frederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow
Peter II of YugoslaviaPrincess Alexandra of Greece and Denmark20 March 19441944Third cousinsQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Peter II, Grand Duke of OldenburgPrincess Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg10 February 18521852Double second cousinsFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt; Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg and Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau
Peter II of AragonMaria of MontpellierJune 15, 12041204Fourth cousins once removedRobert I, Duke of Burgundy
Peter IV of AragonMaria of Navarre
(first wife)
23 July 13381338Fourth cousinsLouis VIII of France and Blanche of Castile
Peter IV of AragonEleanor of Portugal, Queen of Aragon
(second wife)
15 November 13471347Second cousinsPeter III of Aragon
Peter IV of AragonEleanor of Sicily
(third wife)
27 August 13491349Double second cousinsPeter III of Aragon; Charles II of Naples
Peter, Duke of CoimbraIsabella of Urgell, Duchess of Coimbra13 September 14281428Fourth cousinsPeter III of Aragon
Peter, Duke of Schleswig-HolsteinPrincess Marie Alix of Schaumburg-Lippe9 October 19471947Third cousinsGeorge William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe and Princess Ida of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Duke Peter Alexandrovich of OldenburgGrand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia9 August 19011901Second cousinsNicholas I of Russia and Charlotte of Prussia
Duke Peter Georgievich of OldenburgPrincess Therese of Nassau-Weilburg23 April 18371837Fifth cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
Archduke Peter Ferdinand of AustriaPrincess Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies8 November 19001900First cousins once removed (through Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany); second cousins (through Francis I of the Two Sicilies)Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies; Francis I of the Two Sicilies and Infanta María Isabella of Spain
Philibert, Margrave of Baden-BadenMechthild of Bavaria17 January 15571557Third cousinsErnest, Duke of Austria and Cymburgis of Masovia
Philibert I, Duke of SavoyBianca Maria Sforza6 January 14741471First cousinsLouis, Duke of Savoy and Anne of Cyprus
Philibert II, Duke of SavoyYolande Louise of Savoy
(first wife)
14961496First cousins once removedLouis, Duke of Savoy and Anne of Cyprus
Philibert II, Duke of SavoyMargaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy
(second wife)
15011501Second cousins once removedJohn the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy and Margaret of Bavaria
Philippa, 5th Countess of UlsterEdmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of MarchReading Abbey, 13681368Third cousins once removedRichard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester and Maud de Lacy, Countess of Hertford and Gloucester
Philip the Good, Duke of BurgundyMichelle of Valois
(first wife)
June 14091409Second cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Philip the Good, Duke of BurgundyBonne of Artois
(second wife)
20 June 14131413Second cousinsJohn II of France and Bonne of Luxembourg
Philip the Good, Duke of BurgundyIsabella of Portugal
(third wife)
Bruges, 7 January 14301430Third cousinsWilliam I, Count of Hainaut and Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut
Philip, Duke of ParmaLouise Élisabeth of France26 August 17391739First cousins once removedLouis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
Philip I, Count of BoulogneMatilda II, Countess of Boulogne12231223Third cousinsStephen, Count of Blois and Adela of Normandy
Philip I, Landgrave of HesseChristine of Saxony11 December 15231523Third cousinsFrederick I, Elector of Saxony and Catherine of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Philip I of CastileJoanna of Castile20 October 14961496Third cousinsJohn I of Portugal and Philippa of Lancaster
Philip II of SpainMaria Manuela, Princess of Portugal
(first wife)
15 November 15431543Double first cousinsPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile; Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon
Philip II of SpainMary I of England
(second wife)
Winchester Cathedral, 25 July 15541554First Cousins once removedFerdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile
Philip II of SpainElisabeth of Valois
(third wife)
22 June 15591559Fourth cousinsCharles I, Duke of Bourbon and Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Bourbon
Philip II of SpainAnna of Austria, Queen of Spain
(fourth wife)
4 May 15701570First cousins once removed[66]Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Philip II, Duke of SavoyMargaret of Bourbon6 April 14721472Second cousinsPhilip the Bold and Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
Philip III of FranceIsabella of Aragon, Queen of France28 May 12621262Second cousins once removedAlfonso II of Aragon and Sancha of Castile, Queen of Aragon
Philip III of SpainMargaret of Austria, Queen of Spain18 April 15991599First cousins once removedFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Philip IV of SpainElisabeth of France
(first wife)
25 November 16151615Second cousinsFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Philip IV of SpainMariana of Austria
(second wife)
7 October 16491649First cousins once removed[66]Charles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Philip V of SpainPrincess Maria Luisa of Savoy
(first wife)
Barcelona, 2 November 17011701Double second cousinsVictor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy and Christine of France; Louis XIII of France and Anne of Austria
Philip V of SpainElisabeth Farnese
(second wife)
Parma, 24 December 17141714Third cousinsWilliam V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine
Prince Philip of Bourbon-Two SiciliesPrincess Marie Louise of Orléans12 January 19161916Third cousins once removedFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Philip William, Elector PalatineAnna Catherine Constance Vasa
(first wife)
8 June 16421642Second cousinsAlbert V, Duke of Bavaria and Archduchess Anna of Austria
Philip William, Elector PalatineLandgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
(second wife)
3 September 16531653Third cousinsPhilip I, Landgrave of Hesse and Christine of Saxony
Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and GothaPrincess Louise of BelgiumBrussels, 4 February 1875
(divorced Gotha, 15 January 1906)
1875First cousins once removed (through Louis Philippe I of France);
Second cousins (through Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld)
Louis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily; Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf
Duke Philipp of WürttembergArchduchess Maria Theresa of Austria
(daughter of Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen)
18 January 18651865Third cousinsFrancis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Austria
Duke Philipp of Württemberg
(son of Carl, Duke of Württemberg)
Duchess Marie-Caroline in Bavaria
(daughter of Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria)
27 July 19911991Fifth cousinsMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Philipp Albrecht, Duke of WürttembergArchduchess Helena of Austria
(first wife)
24 October 19231923Second cousinsFerdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria
Philipp Albrecht, Duke of WürttembergArchduchess Rosa of Austria
(second wife)
1 August 19281928Second cousinsFerdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria
Philipp Reinhard, Count of Hanau-MünzenbergCountess Palatine Magdalena Claudia of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld-Bischweiler27 February 16891689First cousinsChristian I, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler and Countess Palatine Magdalene Catherine of Zweibrücken
Philippe II, Duke of OrléansFrançoise Marie de Bourbon18 February 16921692First cousinsLouis XIII of France and Anne of Austria
Prince Philippe, Count of ParisPrincess Marie Isabelle of Orléans30 May 18641864First cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Prince Philippe, Duke of OrléansArchduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria5 November 18961896Second cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Archduke Rainer Ferdinand of AustriaArchduchess Maria Karoline of Austria21 February 18521852First cousinsLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Archduke Rainer Joseph of AustriaPrincess Elisabeth of Savoy28 May 18201820Second cousinsAugustus III of Poland and Maria Josepha of Austria
Prince Ranieri, Duke of CastroMaria Carolina Zamoyska12 September 19231923First cousinsPrince Francis, Count of Trapani and Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria
Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of ParmaPrincess Margaret Yolande of Savoy
(first wife)
29 April 16601660Second cousins (through Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany); Double third cousinsFrancesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany; Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany; Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of ParmaIsabella d'Este, Duchess of Parma
(second wife)
18 February 16641664First cousinsRanuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma and Margherita Aldobrandini
Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of ParmaMaria d'Este
(third wife)
1 October 16681668First cousinsRanuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma and Margherita Aldobrandini
Prince Raphael Rainer of Thurn and TaxisPrincess Margarete of Thurn and Taxis24 May 19321932Second cousinsMaximilian Karl, 6th Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Prince Rasso of BavariaArchduchess Theresa of Austria
(granddaughter of Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria)
17 October 19551955Half-third cousinsLeopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Prince René of Bourbon-ParmaPrincess Margaret of Denmark9 June 19211921Second cousins twice removedJohn VI of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina of Spain
Richard, 1st Earl of CornwallSanchia of ProvenceNovember 23, 12431243Fourth cousinsHumbert II, Count of Savoy and Gisela of Burgundy, Marchioness of Montferrat
Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of CambridgeAnne de MortimerMay 14061406First cousins twice removedEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of YorkLady Cecily Neville14291429Second cousinsEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of YorkAnne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk15 January 14781478Second cousins once removedRalph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland and Joan Beaufort
Richard, 6th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-BerleburgPrincess Benedikte of Denmark3 February 19681968Half-fifth cousins once removedCharles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden
Richard I of EnglandBerengaria of NavarreMay 12, 11911191Fourth cousinsRobert I, Duke of Burgundy
Richard II of EnglandAnne of Bohemia
(first wife)
Westminster Abbey, 20 January 13821382Fourth cousinsHenry III, Duke of Brabant and Adelaide of Burgundy, Duchess of Brabant
Richard II of EnglandIsabella of Valois
(second wife)
31 October 13961396Half-third cousinsCharles, Count of Valois
Richard III of EnglandLady Anne NevilleWestminster Abbey, 12 July 14721472First cousins once removed (through Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland and Joan Beaufort); Second cousins once removed (through Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York); Third cousins (through Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent);Ralph de Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland and Joan Beaufort; Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York and Isabella of Castile, Duchess of York; Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent and Alice FitzAlan, Countess of Kent
Robert the BruceIsabella of Mar
(first wife)
12961296Half-fifth cousinsHenry I of England
Robert the BruceElizabeth de Burgh
(second wife)
13021302Double third cousins once removedWilliam Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Clare, 4th Countess of Pembroke; David, Earl of Huntingdon and Matilda of Chester, Countess of Huntingdon
Robert I, Duke of ParmaPrincess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(first wife)
Rome, 5 April 18691869Half-first cousins once removedFrancis I of the Two Sicilies
Robert I, Duke of ParmaInfanta Maria Antonia of Portugal
(second wife)
October 15, 1884 at Schloss Fischorn1884Second cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Robert II of ScotlandElizabeth Mure
(first wife)
22 November 13471347Fourth cousins once removedWilliam Comyn, Lord of Badenoch
Robert II of ScotlandEuphemia de Ross
(second wife)
2 May 13551355Third cousins once removedWilliam Comyn, Lord of Badenoch
Robert, King of NaplesYolande of Aragon, Duchess of Calabria
(first wife)
23 March 12971297Second cousins once removedAndrew II of Hungary
Robert, King of NaplesSancia of Majorca
(second wife)
17 June 13041304Second cousins once removedAndrew II of Hungary
Prince Robert, Duke of ChartresPrincess Françoise of Orléans11 June 18631863First cousinsLouis Philippe I and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily
Robert, Archduke of Austria-EstePrincess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta29 December 19531953Fourth cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Duke Robert of WürttembergArchduchess Maria Immakulata of Austria29 October 19001900Double third cousinsLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain; Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria
Romanos III ArgyrosZoë PorphyrogenitaNovember 10, 10281028Second cousins once removedRomanos I Lekapenos and Theodora
Rudolf, Crown Prince of AustriaPrincess Stéphanie of Belgium10 May 18811881Second cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Rupprecht, Crown Prince of BavariaDuchess Marie Gabrielle in Bavaria
(first wife)
10 July 19001900Half-second cousins once removedMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
Rupprecht, Crown Prince of BavariaPrincess Antonia of Luxembourg
(second wife)
7 April 19211921Third cousinsFrederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Duchess Charlotte Georgine of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Sancho II of PortugalMécia Lopes de Haro12451245Second cousins once removedAfonso I of Portugal and Matilda of Savoy, Queen of Portugal
Sancho Alfonso, 1st Count of AlburquerqueBeatrice, Countess of Alburquerque13731373Double second cousinsSancho IV of Castile; Denis of Portugal
Infante Sebastian of Portugal and SpainPrincess Maria Amalia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(first wife)
25 May 18321832First cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Infante Sebastian of Portugal and SpainInfanta Maria Cristina of Spain
(second wife)
19 November 18601860First cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of RussiaPrincess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine15 June 18841884First cousins once removedLouis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Princess Wilhelmine of Baden
Sigismund, Archduke of AustriaCatherine of Saxony, Archduchess of Austria14841484First cousins twice removedLeopold III, Duke of Austria and Viridis Visconti
Sigismund II AugustusElizabeth of Austria
(first wife)
5 May 15431543First cousins once removedCasimir IV Jagiellon and Elizabeth of Austria
Sigismund II AugustusCatherine of Austria, Queen of Poland
(third wife)
23 June 15531553First cousins once removedCasimir IV Jagiellon and Elizabeth of Austria
Sigismund III VasaAnne of Austria, Queen of Poland
(first wife)
31 May 15921592Second cousins once removedCasimir IV Jagiellon and Elizabeth of Austria
Sigismund III VasaConstance of Austria
(second wife)
December 11, 16051605Second cousins once removedCasimir IV Jagiellon and Elizabeth of Austria
Prince Sigismund of PrussiaPrincess Charlotte of Saxe-Altenburg11 July 19191919Double fourth cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt; Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Archduke Simeon of AustriaPrincess María of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(daughter of Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria)
13 July 19961996Half-second cousins once removedRobert I, Duke of Parma
Princess Sophie of Greece and DenmarkPrince Christoph of Hesse
(first husband)
15 December 19301930Second cousins once removedQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Princess Sophie of Greece and DenmarkPrince George William of Hanover
(second husband)
23 April 19461946Second cousins (through Christian IX of Denmark); Double Third cousins (through Queen Victoria and Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg)Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse-Kassel; Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Duchess Amelia of Württemberg
Sophie Renate Reuss of KöstritzPrince Heinrich XXXIV Reuss of Köstritz12 December 19091909Half-first cousins once removedHeinrich LXIII, Prince Reuss of Köstritz
Stephen, King of EnglandMatilda of Boulogne11251125Fourth cousins once removedMathilde von Sachsen
Teodósio I, Duke of BraganzaIsabel de Lencastre
(first wife)
(daughter of Dinis of Braganza, Count of Lemos)
15421542First cousinsFernando II, Duke of Braganza and Isabel of Viseu
Teodósio I, Duke of BraganzaBeatriz of Lencastre
(second wife)
(granddaughter of Jorge de Lencastre, Duke of Coimbra)
15591559Third cousins once removedEdward, King of Portugal and Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Portugal
Prince Thomas, Duke of GenoaPrincess Isabella of Bavaria21 May 18831883Third cousinsFerdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Maria Carolina of Austria
Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of GloucesterEleanor de Bohun13761376Second cousins once removedEdward I of England and Eleanor of Castile
Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of ClarenceMargaret Holland, Duchess of ClarenceNovember 14111411Second cousins once removedHenry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth
Prince Tomislav of YugoslaviaPrincess Margarita of Baden5 June 19571957Third cousins once removedQueen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort
Ulrich, Duke of MecklenburgElizabeth of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg14 February 15561556First cousins twice removedChristian I of Denmark and Dorothea of Brandenburg
Umberto I of ItalyPrincess Margherita of Savoy21 April 18681868First cousinsCharles Albert of Sardinia and Maria Theresa of Austria
Umberto II of ItalyMarie José of Belgium8 January 19301930Third cousins once removedMaximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and Caroline of Baden
Valdemar II of DenmarkDagmar of Bohemia12051205Third cousinsVratislaus II of Bohemia
Valdemar III of DenmarkRichardis of Schwerin, Duchess of Schleswig13291328Double third cousinsAlbert I, Duke of Saxony; Adolf IV of Holstein and Heilwig of Lippe
Valdemar IV of DenmarkHelvig of Schleswig13401340Third cousins once removedValdemar II of Denmark and Berengaria of Portugal
Prince Valdemar of DenmarkPrincess Marie of Orléans20 October 18851885Third cousins once removed (through Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin); Fourth cousins twice removed (through Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel)Duke Louis of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Princess Charlotte Sophie of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Victor, Prince NapoléonPrincess Clémentine of Belgium14 November 19101910Second cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
Victor Amadeus I, Duke of SavoyChristine of France10 February 16191619Third cousinsPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Victor Amadeus I, Prince of CarignanoMaria Vittoria of Savoy7 November 17141714Second cousins once removedCharles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy and Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain
Victor Amadeus II of SardiniaAnne Marie d'Orléans10 April 16841684Second cousinsHenry IV of France and Marie de' Medici
Victor Amadeus III of SardiniaMaria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain12 April 17501750Double third cousinsVictor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy and Christine of France; Louis XIII of France and Anne of Austria
Victor Emmanuel I of SardiniaMaria Theresa of Austria-Este, Queen of Sardinia25 April 17891789Half-third cousinsPhilippe I, Duke of Orléans
Victor Emmanuel II of ItalyArchduchess Adelaide of AustriaPalazzina di caccia of Stupinigi, 12 April 18421842First cousinsCharles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano and Princess Maria Christina of Saxony
Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and GothaErnest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
(first husband)
Schloss Ehrenburg, Coburg, 9 April 18941894First cousins (through Queen Victoria), Third cousins (through Frederick William II of Prussia)Queen Victoria and Albert, Prince Consort; Frederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and GothaGrand Duke Cyril Vladimirovich of Russia
(second husband)
Tegernsee, 8 October 19051905First cousinsAlexander II of Russia and Marie of Hesse
Princess Victoria of Hesse and by RhinePrince Louis of BattenbergDarmstadt, 30 April 18841884First cousins once removedLouis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and Princess Wilhelmine of Baden
Queen Victoria of the United KingdomPrince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and GothaChapel Royal, St. James's Palace, 10 February 18401840First cousins; (through Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld); Third cousins once removed (through Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg); Half-third cousins twice removed (through Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz)Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf; Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and Princess Magdalena Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst; Adolphus Frederick II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of MantuaMargherita Farnese
(first wife)
2 March 15811581Second cousins once removedPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of MantuaEleanor de' Medici
(second wife)
29 April 15841584First cousinsFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of RussiaDuchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin28 August 18741874Second cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of ScotlandMarjorie Bruce13151315Fourth cousins once removedWalter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland and Béthoc Mac Gille Críst
Prince Welf Henry of HanoverPrincess Alexandra of Ysenburg and Büdingen20 September 19601960Fourth cousinsCharles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach and Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia
Wilhelm II, German EmperorPrincess Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
(first wife)
27 February 18811881Half-second cousins (through Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld);
Fourth cousins (through Frederick Prince of Wales)
Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld; Frederick Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
Wilhelm II, German EmperorHermine Reuss of Greiz
(second wife)
5 November 19221922Fifth cousinsGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
Wilhelm, German Crown PrinceDuchess Cecilie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin6 June 19051905Third cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Prince Wilhelm of PrussiaPrincess Maria Anna of Hesse-Homburg18041804First cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
Prince Wilhelm, Duke of SödermanlandGrand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia3 May 19081908Third cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Duke Wilhelm in BavariaCountess Palatine Maria Anna of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld30 January 17801780Second cousins once removedChristian I, Count Palatine of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler and Countess Palatine Magdalene Catherine of Zweibrücken
Wilhelm Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-HolsteinPrincess Marie Melita of Hohenlohe-Langenburg5 February 19161916Second cousinsErnst I, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and Princess Feodora of Leiningen
Wilhelmina of the NetherlandsPrince Henry, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin7 February 19011901Third cousinsFrederick William II of Prussia and Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt
William the ConquerorMatilda of Flanders10511051Third cousins once removed (through Fulk II, Count of Anjou);
Fourth cousins (through Rollo);
Fifth cousins (through Herbert II of Vermandois);
Seventh cousins (through Æthelwulf of Wessex)
Fulk II, Count of Anjou; Rollo; Herbert II of Vermandois; and Æthelwulf of Wessex
William the LionErmengarde de Beaumont5 September 11861186Fourth cousinsRobert I, Duke of Normandy
William the SilentAnna of Saxony24 August 15611561Third cousins once removedLouis I, Landgrave of Hesse and Anna of Saxony, Landgravine of Hesse
William I, Count of BoulogneIsabel de Warenne, Countess of Surrey11481148Fourth cousinsRobert II of France and Constance of Arles
William I, German EmperorAugusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach11 June 18291829Second cousinsLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken
William I of the NetherlandsPrincess Wilhelmine of PrussiaBerlin, 1 October 17911791First cousinsPrince Augustus William of Prussia and Duchess Luise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
William I of WurttembergCaroline Augusta of Bavaria
(first wife)
18081808Fifth cousinsErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
William I of WürttembergPauline Therese of Württemberg
(third wife)
5 April 18201820First cousinsFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
William I, Elector of HessePrincess Wilhelmina Caroline of Denmark1 September 17641764First cousins; Third cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach; William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Margravine Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg
William II of WürttembergPrincess Marie of Waldeck and Pyrmont
(first wife)
15 February 18771877Second cousins once removedFrederick I of Württemberg and Duchess Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
William II of WürttembergCharlotte of Schaumburg-Lippe
(second wife)
8 April 18861886Fifth cousinsLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt and Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
William II of the NetherlandsAnna Pavlovna of Russia21 February 18161816Third cousinsFrederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
William III of the NetherlandsPrincess Sophie of Württemberg
(first wife)
Stuttgart, 18 June 18391839First cousinsPaul I of Russia and Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg
William III of the NetherlandsEmma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
(second wife)
7 January 18791879Second cousins twice removedFrederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt
William III of EnglandMary II of England4 November 16771677First cousinsCharles I of England and Henrietta Maria of France
William III, Landgrave of ThuringiaAnne of Austria, Landgravine of Thuringia2 June 14461446Double fourth cousinsAlbert I of Germany and Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany; Wartislaw IV, Duke of Pomerania
William IV of the United KingdomAdelaide of Saxe-Meiningen11 July 18181818Third cousins once removedErnest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha and Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg
William IV, Prince of OrangeAnne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange25 March 17341734Fourth cousins once removedWilliam the Silent
William V, Prince of OrangeWilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange4 October 17671767Second cousinsGeorge I of Great Britain and Sophia Dorothea of Celle
William V, Duke of BavariaRenata of Lorraine22 February 15681568Second cousinsPhilip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile
William VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-KasselDorothea Wilhelmine of Saxe-Zeitz27 September 17171717Second cousinsGeorge William, Elector of Brandenburg and Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, Electress of Brandenburg
William, Duke of NassauPrincess Pauline of Württemberg23 April 18291829Third cousins once removedGeorge II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach
William, Prince of HohenzollernPrincess Maria Teresa of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
(first wife)
27 June 18891889Third cousins once removedCharles IV of Spain and Princess Maria Luisa of Parma
William, Prince of HohenzollernPrincess Adelgunde of Bavaria
(second wife)
20 January 19151915Third cousins once removedLeopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain
William, Prince of WiedPrincess Marie of the Netherlands18 July 18711871Second cousins once removedCharles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Princess Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince William of BadenDuchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Württemberg16 October 18301830Second cousins once removedJohn William Friso, Prince of Orange and Landgravine Marie Louise of Hesse-Kassel
Prince William of BadenPrincess Maria Maximilianovna of Leuchtenberg11 February 18631863Fourth cousins once removedFrederick William I of Prussia and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Hanover
Prince William of Hesse-Philippsthal-BarchfeldPrincess Maria of Hanau and Hořowitz
(first wife)
27 December 18571857Fourth cousins twice removedWilliam VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Margravine Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg
Prince William of Hesse-Philippsthal-BarchfeldPrincess Augusta of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
(fourth wife)
(daughter of Friedrich, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg)
6 December 18841884Third cousins once removedCharles I, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal and Caroline Christine of Saxe-Eisenach
Prince William of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Bathildis of Anhalt-Dessau30 May 18621862Third cousins once removedChristian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken and Countess Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrücken
William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-BergMaria of Austria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg18 July 15461546Fourth cousinsErnest, Duke of Austria and Cymburgis of Masovia
Duke William of Mecklenburg-SchwerinPrincess Alexandrine of Prussia9 December 18651865First cousinsFrederick William III of Prussia and Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
William the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgDorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg12 October 15611561Second cousinsJohn Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg and Margaret of Thuringia
William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachPrincess Caroline Reuss of Greiz
(first wife)
30 April 19031903Third cousins once removedCharles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg and Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau
William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-EisenachPrincess Feodora of Saxe-Meiningen
(second wife)
14 January 19101910Third cousinsGeorg I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen and Princess Louise Eleonore of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
Prince William Frederick, Duke of Gloucester and EdinburghPrincess Mary of Great Britain22 July 18161816First cousinsFrederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
William Frederick, Prince of WiedPrincess Pauline of Württemberg29 October 18981898Half-second cousinsWilliam, Duke of Nassau
Władysław IV, king of PolandCecilia Renata of Austria
(first wife)
Vienna, 9 August 16371637First cousinsCharles II, Archduke of Austria and Maria Anna of Bavaria
Prince Wolfgang of HessePrincess Marie Alexandra of Baden17 September 19241924Second cousins once removedPrince William of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Charlotte of Denmark
Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of NeuburgMagdalene of Bavaria11 November 16131613Second cousinsFerdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Wolrad, Prince of Schaumburg-LippePrincess Bathildis of Schaumburg-Lippe
(daughter of Duchess Elsa of Württemberg)
April 19251925Second cousinsGeorge William, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe and Princess Ida of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Royalty outside Europe

Japan

Saudi Arabia

Others

Aristocracy

PersonSpouseMarriedRelationshipCommon ancestor(s)
Lady Frances BrandonHenry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk
(first husband)
Southwark, London, 1533Half-second cousinsElizabeth Woodville
Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of LeicesterAmy Robsart
(first wife)
4 June 1550Sixth cousins once removedThomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick and Katherine Mortimer, Countess of Warwick
Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of LeicesterLettice Knollys
(second wife)
Wanstead Hall, Essex, 21 September 1578Sixth cousinsThomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick and Katherine Mortimer, Countess of Warwick
Jessica MitfordEsmond Romilly18 May 1937Second cousinsDavid Ogilvy, 10th Earl of Airlie and the Hon. Henrietta Blanche Stanley
Pedro Sánchez de Tagle, 2nd Marquis of AltamiraLuisa Sánchez de Tagle
(daughter of Luis Sánchez de Tagle, 1st Marquis of Altamira)
First cousinsDon Anselmo Sánchez de Tagle and Juliana de la Rasa Barreda
María de la Paz Rodríguez Albuerne y Girón
(daughter of Manuel Rodriguez de Albuerne y Pérez de Tagle, 5th Marquis of Altamira)
José María Trespalacios Rodríguez de AlbuerneFirst cousinsDon Juan Rodríguez de Albuerne and Luisa Pérez de Tagle, 4th Marquesa of Altamira
Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of BuckinghamLady Anne NevilleRaby Castle, County Durham, before 18 October 1424Second cousinsEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
Humphrey Stafford, Earl of StaffordLady Margaret BeaufortThird cousinsEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of MarchLady Alianore Holland7 October 1388Second cousins once removed; half-third cousins once removedHenry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth; Edward I of England
Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of KentLady Alice FitzAlan10 April 1364Third cousinsHenry III of England and Eleanor of Provence
Lady Eleanor NevilleRichard le Despenser, 4th Baron Burghersh
(first husband)
Second cousinsEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
Lady Eleanor NevilleHenry Percy, 2nd Earl of Northumberland
(second husband)
Second cousinsRalph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville de Raby
John Beaufort, 1st Earl of SomersetLady Margaret Holland27 September 1397Half-third cousinsEdward I of England
Lady Elizabeth PercyRalph Neville, 2nd Earl of Westmorland
(second husband)
1426Second cousins once removedRalph Neville, 2nd Baron Neville and Alice Audley
Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of EssexIsabel of CambridgeSecond cousinsEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of MarchLady Anne StaffordSecond cousinsEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of NorfolkEleanor Bourchier
(daughter of William Bourchier, 1st Count of Eu)
Second cousins once removedEdward III of England and Philippa of Hainault
Lady Katherine NevilleJohn de Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk
(first husband)
12 January 1411Half-fourth cousinsEdward I of England
Henry Fitzalan-Howard, 15th Duke of NorfolkGwendolen Constable-Maxwell, 12th Lady Herries of Terregles5 February 1904First cousins once removedHenry Howard, 13th Duke of Norfolk and Lady Charlotte Sophia Leveson-Gower
Giovanni dalle Bande NereMaria Salviati15 November 1516Third cousins once removedGiovanni di Bicci de' Medici and Piccarda Bueri
Laudomia de' MediciPiero Strozzi1539Fourth cousins once removedGiovanni di Bicci de' Medici and Piccarda Bueri
Laudomia de' MediciAlamanno SalviatiFourth cousinsGiovanni di Bicci de' Medici and Piccarda Bueri
Maddalena de' MediciRoberto StrozziFourth cousins once removedGiovanni di Bicci de' Medici and Piccarda Bueri
Lady Catherine GreyEdward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford
(second husband)
Hertford House, Canon Row, London, c. 27 November 1560Sixth cousins once removedPhilippa, 5th Countess of Ulster and Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March
Lady Jane GreyLord Guildford DudleyDurham House, London, 21 May 1553Third cousins once removedElizabeth Ferrers, 6th Baroness Ferrers of Groby and Edward Grey, 6th Baron Ferrers of Groby
Lord Edward CavendishEmma Lascelles
(daughter of William Lascelles)
3 August 1865First cousinsGeorge Howard, 6th Earl of Carlisle and Lady Georgiana Cavendish
William Cavendish, 7th Duke of DevonshireLady Blanche Georgiana Howard6 August 1829Second cousinsWilliam Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire and Charlotte Boyle, 6th Baroness Clifford
William CavendishThe Hon. Louisa O'Callaghan
(daughter of Cornelius O'Callaghan, 1st Baron Lismore)
18 July 1807Second cousinsWilliam Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire and Catherine Hoskins
Isabella Appiani, Princess of PiombinoPaolo Giordano II Orsini, Duke of Bracciano
(second husband)
Rome, 1622Third cousinsJacopo Salviati and Lucrezia de' Medici
Henry Sturt, 1st Baron AlingtonLady Augusta Bingham
(first wife)
(daughter of George Bingham, 3rd Earl of Lucan)
10 September 1853First cousinsRobert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan and Penelope Anne Cooke
William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of UlsterMaud of Lancasterbefore 16 November 1327Third cousins once removedHenry III of England and Eleanor of Provence
George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of MarlboroughLady Jane Stewart
(first wife)
St George's, Hanover Square, London, 13 January 1819First cousinsJohn Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway and Anne Dashwood
George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of MarlboroughJane Stewart
(third wife)
(daughter of Edward Richard Stewart)
18 October 1851First cousinsJohn Stewart, 7th Earl of Galloway and Anne Dashwood
Lady Louisa Spencer-Churchill
(daughter of George Spencer-Churchill, 6th Duke of Marlborough)
The Hon. Robert Spencer
(son of Francis Spencer, 1st Baron Churchill)
4 July 1845First cousins once removedGeorge Spencer, 4th Duke of Marlborough and Lady Caroline Russell
William Kerr, 1st Earl of LothianAnne Kerr, 3rd Countess of Lothian
(daughter of Robert Kerr, 2nd Earl of Lothian)
1630Half-fifth cousins once removedAndrew Kerr of Altonburn and Cessford
William FitzRoy
(son of Charles FitzRoy, 1st Baron Southampton)
Lady Elizabeth FitzRoy
(daughter of Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton)
4 July 1811First cousinsLord Augustus FitzRoy and Elizabeth Cosby
George Waldegrave, 4th Earl WaldegraveElizabeth Waldegrave, Countess Waldegrave5 May 1782First cousinsJames Waldegrave, 1st Earl Waldegrave and Mary Webb
Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of WestminsterLady Constance Leveson-Gower1852First cousinsGeorge Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland and Elizabeth Sutherland, 19th Countess of Sutherland
Robert Grosvenor, 5th Duke of WestminsterHon. Viola Lyttelton3 December 1946Second cousinsWilliam Cavendish, 2nd Baron Chesham and Henrietta Frances Lascelles
William FitzClarence, 2nd Earl of MunsterWilhelmina Kennedy-Erskine17 April 1855First cousinsWilliam IV of the United Kingdom and Dorothea Jordan
Nathan Rothschild, 1st Baron RothschildEmma Louise von Rothschild
(daughter of Mayer Carl von Rothschild)
16 April 1867Second cousinsMayer Amschel Rothschild and Guttle Schnapper
George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford HavenCountess Nadejda Mikhailovna de Torby15 November 1916Double third cousins once removedCharles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden; Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden and Princess Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt
Jaime Álvares Pereira de Melo, 3rd Duke of CadavalLuísa, Duchess of CadavalFourth cousinsJaime, Duke of Braganza
Philippe II de CroÿAnne de Croÿ
(daughter of Charles I de Croÿ)
Third cousinsJean II de Croÿ and Marie of Lalaing
William Ker, 2nd Earl of RoxburgheJean KerHalf-first cousinsRobert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe
James Lowther, 7th Earl of LonsdaleHon. Jennifer Lowther
(daughter of Hon. Christopher Lowther)
9 September 1954Third cousinsHenry Lowther and Lady Lucy Eleanor Sherard
Frederick Spencer, 4th Earl SpencerGeorgiana Poyntz
(daughter of William Stephen Poyntz)
23 February 1830Second cousinsStephen Poyntz and Anna Maria Mordaunt
Francisco de Borbón y de la TorreEnriqueta de Borbón y Parade, 4th Duchess of Seville
(daughter of Enrique de Borbón y Castellví, 2nd Duke of Seville)
21 August 1907First cousinsInfante Enrique, Duke of Seville and Elena María de Castellví y Shelly
Edward Russell, 1st Earl of OrfordLady Margaret Russell
(daughter of William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford)
November 1691First cousinsFrancis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford and Catherine Brydges
John Murray, 3rd Duke of AthollLady Charlotte Murray23 October 1753First cousinsJohn Murray, 1st Duke of Atholl and Lady Katherine Hamilton
Charles Hamilton, 5th Earl of AbercornCatherine Hamilton
(daughter of James Hamilton, Lord Paisley)
1690Second cousinsJames Hamilton, 1st Earl of Abercorn and Marion Boyd
Alexander Gordon, 3rd Earl of HuntlyLady Jean Stewart
(daughter of John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl)
20 October 1474Half-first cousinsJoan Beaufort, Queen of Scots
John Gordon, Lord GordonMargaret Stewart, Lady GordonBefore 26 April 1510Half-second cousins once removedJoan Beaufort, Queen of Scots
George Gordon, 4th Earl of HuntlyElizabeth Keith27 March 1530Second cousinsGeorge Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly
George Gordon, 5th Earl of HuntlyAnne Hamilton, Countess of Huntly2 March 1558Double third cousinsJohn Douglas, 2nd Earl of Morton and Janet Crichton; James IV of Scotland
James Hamilton, Duke of ChâtelleraultLady Margaret Douglas
(daughter of John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl)
1532Second cousins once removedJames II of Scotland and Mary of Guelders
James Douglas, 3rd Earl of MortonCatherine Stewart
(illegitimate daughter of James IV of Scotland)
Second cousins once removedJames I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots
John Beaufort, 1st Earl of SomersetMargaret Holland, Duchess of ClarenceHalf-third cousinsEdward I of England
William Hamilton, Duke of HamiltonAnne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton29 April 1656Third cousinsJames Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault and Lady Margaret Douglas
John Stewart, 3rd Earl of LennoxLady Elizabeth Stewart19 January 1511Half-first cousins twice removedJoan Beaufort, Queen of Scots
Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of LennoxMargaret Douglas1544Third cousins once removedJohn Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset and Margaret Holland, Duchess of Clarence
Lord Charles Edward FitzRoy
(son of Augustus FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton)
Hon. Ismay FitzRoy
(daughter of Charles FitzRoy, 3rd Baron Southampton)
Third cousins once removedLord Augustus FitzRoy and Elizabeth Cosby
Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of NewcastleFrances Pierrepont
(daughter of William Pierrepont)
1652Second cousins once removedWilliam Cavendish and Bess of Hardwick
John Holles, 1st Duke of NewcastleLady Margaret Cavendish1 March 1690First cousinsWilliam Pierrepont and Elizabeth Harries
Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of NewcastleCatherine Pelham16 October 1744First cousinsThomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham and Lady Grace Holles
William Montagu, 2nd Duke of ManchesterIsabella Montagu, Duchess of Manchester6 April 1723Fourth cousinsEdward Montagu of Boughton and Elizabeth Harrington
Hester Grenville, 1st Countess TempleRichard Grenville25 November 1710Second cousins once removedSir Thomas Temple, 1st Baronet, of Stowe and Hester Sandys
Lady Frances Erskine
(daughter of John Erskine, Earl of Mar)
James Erskine
(son of James Erskine, Lord Grange)
First cousinsCharles Erskine, Earl of Mar

See also

Notes

  1. Mao's paternal grandmother and Luo's paternal grandfather were siblings. Luo Yixiu's mother was the eldest daughter of Mao Yongtang (毛咏堂; 1846–1903). The genealogy book of the Mao lineage places Mao Yongtang in the same generation as Mao Zedong's great-grandfather, but Yongtang was of the same social generation as Mao Zedong's grandfather Mao Enpu (毛恩普).[43]

References

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  66. Also uncle and niece
  67. Only through Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg and Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim.
  68. Through all their common ancestors which are shown on the table.
  69. Also half-uncle and half-niece
  70. Half-second cousins through Frederick V of Denmark
  71. Double third cousins through Christian IX of Denmrak and also third cousins through Queen Victoria.
  72. Through Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
  73. Edward VII was descended from them in one way, while Alexandra was descended from them in three.
  74. Edward VII was descended from them in two ways, while Alexandra was descended from them in one only.
  75. Triple fourth cousins through George II of Great Britain and also fourth cousin through Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg.
  76. As great-great-great grandchildren; Ernest Augustus was descended from them in one way, while Thyra was descended from them in three.
  77. Frederick VIII of Denmark was descended from them in three ways, while Louise was descended from them in one.
  78. Frederick VIII of Denmark was descended from them in one way, while Louise was descended from them in two.
  79. George I was descended from them in three ways, while Olga was descended from them in one.
  80. George I was descended in one way from them, while Olga was descended from them in two.
  81. Johann Georg of Hohenzollern was descended from them in two ways as four-times great-grandson.
  82. Birgitta of Sweden is descended from them in four ways as four-times great-granddaughter and in one way as five-times great-granddaughter.
  83. Also aunt and nephew
  84. Both were great-grandchildren of the Jiaqing Emperor
  85. Both were great-grandchildren of General Dugu Xin
  86. His father (Emperor Gaozong) and her mother (Princess Changle) were siblings.
  87. They were both grandchildren of Emperor Gaozu of Tang and his wife Duchess Dou
  88. Xue Shao was the son of Princess Chengyang, Emperor Gaozong's sister, by her second husband Xue Yao
  89. Both were grandchildren of Wu Shihuo, Duke Ding of Ying.
  90. Eldest son of Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Chengsi, Prince Xuan of Wei.
  91. Both were great-grandchildren of Wu Shihuo, Duke Ding of Ying. Princess Anle was the granddaughter of Wu Shihuo's second daughter Empress Wu Zetian, while Wu Chongxun was the grandson of Wu Shihuo's elder son Wu Yuanqing.
  92. Second son of Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Chengsi, Prince Xuan of Wei.
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