Archduchess Clementina of Austria

Clementina of Austria (German: Maria Clementina Franziska Josepha 1 March 1798 – 3 September 1881) was an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Salerno upon her marriage to Prince Leopold of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno.

Clementina of Austria
Princess of Salerno
Born(1798-03-01)1 March 1798
Hofburg Palace, Vienna
Died3 September 1881(1881-09-03) (aged 83)
Château de Chantilly, Chantilly, France
Burial
Basilica of Santa Chiara, Naples
SpouseLeopold, Prince of Salerno
IssueMaria Carolina, Duchess of Aumale
Full name
German: Maria Klementina Franziska Josepha
Italian: Maria Clementina Francesca Giuseppa
HouseHabsburg-Lorraine
FatherFrancis II, Holy Roman Emperor
MotherMaria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
ReligionRoman Catholic

Biography

Born at the Hofburg Imperial Palace in Vienna, she was the third surviving daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, later Francis I of Austria after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, and his wife Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily.

Maria Clementina Francesca as a child

Maria Clementina was a younger sister of Marie Louise, Empress of France, Ferdinand I of Austria, and Maria Leopoldina, Empress of Brazil. She was also an older sister of Marie Caroline, Crown Princess of Saxony, Archduke Franz Karl of Austria, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria.

Through her sister, Marie Louise, she was a sister-in-law of Napoleon I of France; through Maria Leopoldina a sister-in-law of Peter I of Brazil (IV of Portugal); through Marie Caroline a sister-in-law of Frederick Augustus II of Saxony.

Maria Clementina was married, 28 July 1816, at Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, to her mother's younger brother, Prince Leopoldo of the Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno, the youngest son of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria.

From their four children, only a daughter survived adulthood, Princess Maria Carolina of the Two Sicilies (1822–1869), who on 25 November 1844, in Naples, married her paternal first cousin, Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale (1822–1897). Henri was the fourth (and second-youngest) surviving son of King Louis-Philippe of France and his wife Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily.

Through their daughter, Maria Clementina and Leopoldo had seven grandchildren, two of whom reached adulthood. However, neither of these grandchildren married or produced children of their own.

Maria Clementina died 3 September 1881 at the Chateau de Chantilly, France, the home of her widowed son-in-law Duke Henry. She was eighty-three years old; all her descendants having predeceased her. She was buried at the Basilica of Santa Chiara in Naples.

Issue and family
  • Stillborn daughter (16 September 1819).
  • Princess Maria Carolina Augusta of the Two Sicilies (26 April 1822 – 6 December 1869) married Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale and had issue;
    • Louis Philippe Marie Léopold d'Orléans, Prince of Condé (15 November 1845 – 24 May 1866).
    • Henri Léopold Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 September 1847 – 10 October 1847).
    • Stillborn daughter (1849).
    • François Paul d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 January 1852 – 15 April 1852).
    • François Louis Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (5 January 1854 – 25 July 1872).
    • Stillborn son (15 June 1861).
    • Stillborn son (June 1864).
  • Prince Lodovico Carlo of The Two Sicilies (19 July 1824 – 7 August 1824) died in infancy.
  • Stillborn daughter (5 February 1829).

Titles, styles, and honours

Titles and styles
  • 1 March 1798 – 11 August 1804: Her Royal Highness Archduchess Clementina of Austria
  • 11 August 1804 – 28 July 1816: Her Imperial and Royal Highness Archduchess Clementina of Austria
  • 28 July 1816 – 10 March 1851: Her Imperial and Royal Highness The Princess of Salerno
  • 10 March 1851 – 3 September 1881: Her Imperial and Royal Highness The Dowager Princess of Salerno

Honours

Ancestry

References
  1. Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Kaiserthumes Österreich (1868), p 110, Sternkreuz-Orden
  2. Wurzbach, Constantin, von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria Theresia (deutsche Kaiserin)" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). 7. p. 60 – via Wikisource.
  3. Wurzbach, Constantin, von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Franz I." . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). 6. p. 208 – via Wikisource.
  4. Wurzbach, Constantin, von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria Ludovica (deutsche Kaiserin)" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). 7. p. 53 – via Wikisource.
  5. Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 9.
  6. Wurzbach, Constantin, von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria Theresia von Neapel" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). 7. p. 81 – via Wikisource.

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