道
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Translingual
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Han character
道 (radical 162, 辵+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜廿竹山 (YTHU), four-corner 38306, composition ⿺辶首)
References
- KangXi: page 1262, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39010
- Dae Jaweon: page 1754, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3864, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9053
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
道 | |
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variant forms |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 道 | |||
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Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (首) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
道 | *l'uːʔ |
導 | *duːs |
首 | *hljuʔ, *hljus |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'uːʔ) : semantic 辵 (“walking”) + phonetic 首 (OC *hljuʔ, *hljus).
Etymology
Possibly derived from 導 (OC *duːs, “to go along, to bring along, to conduct”):
- > "to explain" > "to talk about", and
- > "road, way".
Cognate with Proto-Hmong-Mien *kləuX (“road, way”) (White Hmong kev (“road”)). See also 首 (OC *hljuʔ, *hljus).
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
道
- way; path; road
- (historical) circuit: an administrative division of late imperial China comprising 2 or more commanderies
- method; principle
- (philosophy, Taoism) the Way; the Tao; the Dao: the way of nature and/or the ideal way to live one's life
- (Christianity) Logos; the Word
- Short for 道教 (Dàojiào, “Taoism”).
- Short for 道士 (dàoshì, “Taoist priest”).
- (religion) doctrine; teachings
- to say; to utter
- Classifier for long things.
- Classifier for barriers.
- Classifier for courses in a meal: dish
- Classifier for questions (in an exam), orders or proclamations.
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
Definitions
道
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
- 合気道 (aikidō, “aikido”)
- 道具 (dōgu, “tool”)
- 道路 (dōro, “road”)
- 道徳 (dōtoku, “ethics”)
- 報道 (hōdō, “broadcast”)
- 柔道 (jūdō, “judo”)
- 軌道 (kidō, “orbit”)
- 赤道 (sekidō, “equator”)
- 食道 (shokudō, “oesophagus”)
- 水道 (suidō, “water supply”)
- 鉄道 (tetsudō, “railway”)
- 道教 (dōkyō, “Taoism”)
- 道理 (dōri, “rational”)
- 道州制 (dōshūsei, “wide-area administration”)
- 書道 (shodō, “calligraphy”)
- 武道 (budō, “budo”)
- 跆拳道 (taikendō, “taekwondo”)
- 空手道 (karatedō, “karate”)
- 茶道 (sadō, “tea ceremony”)
- 華道 (kadō, “flower arrangement”)
- 花道 (kadō, “flower arrangement”)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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道 |
どう Grade: 2 |
on’yomi |
/dau/ → /dɔː/ → /doː/
From Middle Chinese 道 (MC dɑuX). Compare modern Mandarin 道 (dào), Cantonese 道 (dou6).
Noun
道 (hiragana どう, rōmaji dō, historical hiragana だう)
- Tao (the way of nature); Taoism
- (chiefly historical) A region of Japan consisting of multiple provinces or prefectures. Feudal Japan was divided into several dō; the only remaining dō is Hokkaidō.
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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道 |
ち Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.[3] May be cognate with Korean 길 (gil, “road”).
More often written as 路.
Alternative forms
Suffix
- (obsolete) attaches to place names, indicating a road to that place
- This usage has generally been replaced by -ji below.
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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道 |
じ Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
Derived as a sound shift from chi above.[3]
More often written as 路.
Alternative forms
Suffix
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
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道 |
みち Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
Originally a compound of 御 (mi, honorific prefix) + 道 (chi, “road, street, way”).[3] The prefix mi was in reference to the 神 (kami, “god or spirit”) of roads.
Noun
Usage notes
This is the most common term for “road”, “street”, or “way” in modern Japanese.
Proper noun
道 (hiragana おさむ, rōmaji Osamu, alternative reading すすむ, rōmaji Susumu, alternative reading ただし, rōmaji Tadashi, alternative reading ただす, rōmaji Tadasu, alternative reading なおし, rōmaji Naoshi, alternative reading まこと, rōmaji Makoto, alternative reading みちひろ, rōmaji Michihiro, alternative reading もとい, rōmaji Motoi, alternative reading わたる, rōmaji Wataru)
- A male given name
Proper noun
道 (hiragana たお, rōmaji Tao, alternative reading とおる, rōmaji Tōru, alternative reading ふみ, rōmaji Fumi)
- A female given name
Proper noun
道 (hiragana どうざき, rōmaji Dōzaki, alternative reading みちざき, rōmaji Michizaki)
- A surname.
Korean
Compounds
- 도덕 (道德, dodeok)
- 도교 (道敎, dogyo)
- 도장 (道場, dojang)
- 도리 (道理, dori)
- 도로 (道路, doro)
- 보도 (報道, bodo)
- 철도 (鐵道, cheoldo)
- 강원도 (江原道, gang-wondo)
- 국도 (國道, gukdo)
- 인도 (人道, indo)
- 적도 (赤道, jeokdo, “equator”)
- 절권도 (截拳道, jeolgwondo, “Jeet Kune Do”)
- 전도 (傳道, jeondo)
- 전도 (全道, jeondo)
- 신도 (神道, sindo)
- 태권도 (跆拳道, taegwondo, “taekwondo”)
- 유도 (柔道, yudo, “judo”)
Vietnamese
Han character
道: Hán Việt readings: đạo (
道: Nôm readings: dạo[1][2][3][6][4][5][7], đạo[1][2][3][4][7], đảo[2], nhạo[3]
Compounds
References
- Nguyễn (2014).
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Bonet (1899).
- Génibrel (1898).
- Hồ (1976).
- Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).