歎

See also: 叹 and 嘆
歎 U+6B4E, 歎
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B4E
← 歍
[U+6B4D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 歏 →
[U+6B4F]

Translingual

Han character

歎 (radical 76, 欠+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿人弓人 (TONO), four-corner 47582, composition ⿰⿱廿⿻口夫欠)

Derived characters
  • 擹, 𤁤, 𣋸, 𣞔, 𪇽

References
  • KangXi: page 571, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16182
  • Dae Jaweon: page 959, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2149, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6B4E

Chinese
trad. 歎/嘆
simp. 叹*
variant forms 歏
𪇽
𣥁

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (暵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
儺 *naːl
臡 *naːl, *neːl, *njeːl
嘆 *n̥ʰaːn, *n̥ʰaːns
灘 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns, *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
擹 *n̥ʰaːn
攤 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːnʔ, *naːns
癱 *n̥ʰaːn
歎 *n̥ʰaːns
難 *n̥ʰaːn, *naːns
暵 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns
熯 *hnaːnʔ, *hnaːns, *njanʔ
漢 *hnaːns
戁 *rnaːnʔ, *njanʔ

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 歎
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他旦切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tʰɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tʰɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tʰɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tʰanH/
Li
Rong		 /tʰɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /tʰɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tʰɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 歎
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 tān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ than ›
Old
Chinese		 /*n̥ˁar/
English to sigh

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 歎
Reading # 1/1
No. 4896
Phonetic
component		 暵
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 炭
Old
Chinese		 /*n̥ʰaːns/

Definitions

歎

  1. Alternative form of 嘆 (“to sigh; to chant; to praise”).
  2. one of 24 literary genres from the Zhou dynasty
  3. A surname​.

Hypernyms

Coordinate terms
literary genre

Compounds
  • 一倡三歎／一倡三叹
  • 一唱三歎／一唱三叹
  • 三歎／三叹
  • 九歎／九叹
  • 仰天長歎／仰天长叹
  • 仰屋竊歎／仰屋窃叹
  • 北門之歎／北门之叹
  • 可歎／可叹
  • 咳聲歎氣／咳声叹气
  • 哀歎／哀叹
  • 唉聲歎氣／唉声叹气
  • 嗐聲歎氣／嗐声叹气
  • 廢書而歎／废书而叹
  • 怨歎／怨叹
  • 悔毒之歎／悔毒之叹
  • 歎為觀止／叹为观止
  • 歎皇陵／叹皇陵
  • 歎美／叹美
  • 歎羨／叹羡
  • 歎老嗟卑／叹老嗟卑
  • 歎賞／叹赏
  • 浩歎／浩叹
  • 牛山歎／牛山叹
  • 白頭之歎／白头之叹
  • 自怨自歎／自怨自叹
  • 詠歎／咏叹
  • 讚歎／赞叹
  • 蹙眉長歎／蹙眉长叹
  • 金聖歎／金圣叹
  • 驚歎／惊叹

Japanese

Kanji
歎

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings
  • On (unclassified): たん (tan)
  • Kun: なげく (nageku)

Compounds
Compounds

Korean

Hanja

歎 (eum 탄 (tan))

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Compounds
Compounds
  • 탄식 (歎息, tansik)
  • 탄원 (歎願, tanwon)

Vietnamese

Han character

歎: Hán Việt readings: thán (他(tha)案(án)切(thiết))[1][2][3]
歎: Nôm readings: than[4][3], thăn[4][3]

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References
  1. Trần (2004).
  2. Bonet (1899).
  3. Génibrel (1898).
  4. Hồ (1976).
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