See also:
U+6625, 春
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6625

[U+6624]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6626]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Alternative forms

There are minor differences in where the last stroke of the top component (top-left to bottom-right diagonal) starts – on the second horizontal stroke or on the third.

Han character

(radical 72, +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手大日 (QKA), four-corner 50603, composition𡗗)

Derived characters

References

Wikidata

  • KangXi: page 493, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13844
  • Dae Jaweon: page 856, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1496, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+6625

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*tuːnʔ
*rduːn, *duːn, *tun
*donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ
*tuːnʔ, *tjuns
*tuːns
*tuːns
*tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ
*tʰuːnʔ
*duːn, *tun
*duːn
*duːn
*duːn
*duːn
*duːn, *stʰuːn
*duːn
*duːn
*duːn, *duːnʔ
*duːnʔ
*tun
*tʰun
*tʰun
椿 *tʰun
*tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ
*tjun
*tjun, *tjuns
*tjunʔ, *djun
*tʰjun
*tʰjunʔ
*tʰjunʔ
*tʰjunʔ
*djun
*hljunʔ
*hljuns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰjun) : semantic  (grass) + phonetic  (OC *duːn, *tun, sprout) + semantic  (sun).

The character itself is probably a variant of (OC *duːn, *tun) as they are equivalent for the meaning “spring” in Old Chinese literature.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
variant forms

Related to (OC *duːn, “(of plants) to begin to grow”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Khmer ដុះ (doh, to grow; to germinate; to sprout), as well as 穿 (OC *kʰljon, *kʰljons, “to bore through”) (ibid.).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰuən⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂʰuən²¹/
/t͡sʰuən²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰuẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰuən²⁴/
Xi'an /p͡fʰẽ²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /p͡fʰə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂʰuŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰyn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sʰuən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡sʰuen⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰuə̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰun³¹/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰuən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰuəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰũŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰəŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡sʰən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰz̩ʷen³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰoŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰyʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰyan¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰyn³³/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰyn³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰun⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰun⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʃʰun²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰøn⁵³/
Nanning /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵/
/t͡sʰyn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰøn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰun⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰuŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰœyŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰuŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sun²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (24)
Final () (47)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰiuɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰʷin/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰjuen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰwin/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiuĕn/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chūn
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chūn
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhwin ›
Old
Chinese
/*tʰun/
English springtime

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 12573
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tʰjun/
Notes

Definitions

  1. spring (season)
       chūntiān   spring
  2. year; age
  3. spring scenery
  4. vitality; liveliness; energy; life
  5. lust; lustfulness; passion; sexual desire
       chūn   puberty
  6. a type of alcoholic drink which is fermented from spring to winter
See also
Seasons in Chinese · 四季 (sìjì, “four seasons”) (layout · text)
(chūn, “spring”) (xià, “summer”) (qiū, “fall; autumn”) (dōng, “winter”)

Compounds

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
variant forms

Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əj (egg; testicle) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) egg; roe
  2. (Cantonese, vulgar) testicle
  3. (Cantonese, vulgar) goddamn, the hell

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. spring (season)

Readings

Compounds

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
はる
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Noun

(hiragana はる, rōmaji haru)

  1. spring (season)

Synonyms

Derived terms

  •  (はる)めく (harumeku)

See also

Seasons in Japanese ·  () () (shiki, four seasons) (layout · text)
 (はる) (haru, spring)  (なつ) (natsu, summer)  (あき) (aki, fall; autumn)  (ふゆ) (fuyu, winter)

Korean

Hanja

(chun) (hangeul , revised chun, McCuneReischauer ch'un, Yale chwun)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: xuân ((xu)(luân)(thiết))[1][2][3][4]
: Nôm readings: xuân[1][2][5][4][6][7], xoan[1][2][3][4][7]

  1. Hán tự form of xuân (spring (season)).

Compounds

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Bonet (1899).
  5. Hồ (1976).
  6. Génibrel (1898).
  7. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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