Renala Khurd
| Renala Khurd رِينالہ خُورد | |
|---|---|
| City | |
| Coordinates: 30°53′N 73°36′E / 30.883°N 73.600°ECoordinates: 30°53′N 73°36′E / 30.883°N 73.600°E | |
| Country |
 |
| Province |
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| Elevation | 173 m (568 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 120,794 |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| Number of towns | 1 |
| Number of Union councils | 2 |
Renala Khurd (Punjabi,Urdu: رِينالہ خُورد), is a growing city of Okara District in the north east of the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city is the headquarters of Renala Khurd Tehsil - an administrative subdivision of the district. Its approximate height above sea level is about 570 feet (170 m). It is located at 30°53'N 73°36'E[1] and is about 116 kilometres (72 mi) away from Lahore and 18 kilometres (11 mi) away from the district capital Okara city towards south-west of Lahore on national highway (GT Road) and on Lahore Karachi main railway line. Eastern time zone of Renala Khurd is UTC+5+6DT.
History
Renala Khurd city was established in 1914. Before that time, Mughal king Akbar along with his son Saleem and the royal entourage stayed in Dipalpur and passed through this region to pay homage to saint Farid Ganj Shakar in 1578. Akbar named the corridor as 'Bari Doab' by combining the syllables of the names of two rivers, Beas and Ravi, that bounded the belt.
Previously in this region, there were acres of barren and unirrigated land with trees of malah, and it was formerly known as Malah Walah. A part of Renala Khurd is naturally deprived of the underground sweet water. People in this region rely on canals as the main source of irrigation, as tube-wells, unlike other parts of the district, only pour out salty water which spoils the land. Traces are also found of a long range of ruins, called dhaya in the local language, which, according to popular myth, are the remains of some unknown ancient city which may have been engulfed by the river Biyas. These ruins give a mysterious look – something like a blend of desert and tiny hills, and also serve as the hideout for thieves and robbers
In 1849, the British occupied this area. The British Indian army built Canal Loar-Bari-Doo-Aab and colonies with the help of imported migrant labour employed to clear and develop the forest and scrubland. In the era of the British Raj, a brilliant irrigation network of canals was established all over Punjab and extending into Sindh.
After the 1947 partition, the Pakistani Army took control of the major portion of irrigated land left by the army of the British Raj on which it established its own farms and maintaining the tenants. One of the largest of these farms is that in Okara, spread over 17,000 acres (69 km2) of prime land.
The peasant migrants were promised ownership once it was rendered arable, but as it turned out to be the most fertile and rich of the provinces; the army reconsidered, retained ownership of the land and settled the migrants as tenants. In 1913, Renala Khurd Stud State Farm leased out 5,000 acres (20 km2) of land to the Punjab government to cater to the needs of the army for horses, fodder and dairy products, and the tenancy agreements continued. Renala Khurd is famous for its horses, and horses from Renala Khurd Stud State Farm have won international derby races many times.
Administration
The city of Renala Khurd serves as the headquarters of Renala Khurd Tehsil, the city of Renala Khurd itself is administratively subdivided into two Union councils.
- Latif Japani Hihihi
Agriculture
Renala Khurd is home to the food processing company "Mitchell's Fruit Farms Limited". It has orchards of guava & citrus running b/w the lower bari doab canal and the Multan Road, for about 8 miles all the way up to Okara bypass. This region is also well known as a major producer of sugarcane & rice. These crops can be cultivated due to the abundance of water supplied by the lower bari doab canal & smaller water channels.
In winter many small farmers set up traditional ways of processing sugar cane. They extract its juice and add soda to produce molasses.
Climate
Most areas in Renala Khurd experience fairly cool winters, often accompanied by rain. By mid-February the temperature begins to rise; springtime weather continues until mid-April when the summer heat sets in.
The onset of the southwest monsoon is anticipated to reach Renala Khurd by May, but since the early 1970s the weather pattern has been irregular. The spring monsoon has either skipped over the area or has caused it to rain so hard that floods have resulted. June and July are oppressively hot. Although official estimates rarely place the temperature above 46 °C, newspaper sources claim that it reaches 51 °C and regularly carry reports about people who have succumbed to the heat. In August the oppressive heat is punctuated by the rainy season, referred to as barsat, which brings relief in its wake. The hardest part of the summer is then over, but cooler weather does not come until late October.
Demographics
Renala Khurd, encompassing a radius of 7 km, is home to 72,724 people.[2] The population of Renala Khurd is over 99% Muslim with a Sunni majority and Shia minority; there are also small non-Muslims groups of Christians, Hindus and Sikhs. Because of its strategic location in the Indian sub-continent, wave after wave of migrants poured into the area and settled on its fertile lands and today, although originally belonging to the Aryan stock, the people of Renala Khurd are descendants of the Iranians, Turks, Afghans and Arabs who came individually or in groups.
The major language spoken in the Renala Khurd is Punjabi (which is written in Perso-Arabic script, known as Shahmukhi in Pakistan) and Punjabis make up the largest ethnic group (overlap into neighbouring India). Punjabies themselves are a heterogeneous group comprising different tribes and communities, although caste in Renala Khurd has more to do with traditional occupations such as blacksmiths or artisans as opposed to rigid social stratifications.
The most important tribes within Renala Khurd include Kharals, Rajputs, Syed, Jats, the Arain, Kamyana, Gujjars and Gakhars. Smaller tribes include the Awans, Rawns, Kamboh and Maliks. In addition, there is a significant shift towards the usage of Urdu by the educated classes of the province.
The Punjabi dialects spoken in this region of the land have a common vocabulary and a shared heritage. The shared heritage also extends to a common faith, Islam. The people of Renala Khurd have also a shared spiritual experience, which has been disseminated by Tassawwaf and can be witnessed on the occasion of the Urs (remembrance fairs) held for the Sufi Saints Syed Abul Hassan Bin Usman Bin Ali Al-Hajweri (also known as Data Ganj Bukhsh) at Lahore, Mian Mir at Lahore, Shaikh Farid Shakar Ganj at Pakpattan, Bahaudin Zakria at Multan, Sakhi Sarwar Sultan at Dera Ghazi Khan, Shah Hussain at Lahore, Bulleh Shah at Kasur and Imam Bari (Bari Shah Latif) at Rawalpindi-Islamabad.
Amenities
Renala Khurd is accessible through the historic Grand Trunk Road. Pakistan Railways provides an important mode of transportation for commuters in Renala Khurd. The railway connects the farthest corners of the country and brings them closer to Renala Khurd for business, sight seeing and education. The Renala Khurd Railway Station is located in the east side of the city, which was built during the British Colonial era. There are three railway gates in Renala Khurd. The city also contains a post office and two police stations (City Police Station and Sadar Police Station).
Ghala Mandi (Grain Market)
Ghala Mandi (Grain Market) Renala Khurd was established in 1914. Renala Khurd is important Tehsil of Okara. It has a popular Ghala Mandi (Grain Market) of Punajab which is Aktrabad Ghala Mandi (Grain Market). One of the first Physicians to start practicing in Renala Khurd, Dr Zaka Ullah, had his office in the Ghala Mandi.
Renala State Military Farm
The Renala State Military Farm was formerly known as Glaxo. A quarter of a century ago, Glaxo was a small British firm with its origins in the dried-milk, cream and butter business and most of its sales in antibiotics, respiratory drugs and nutritional supplements, which is now called Military Farms. It supplies milk packs for the entire Pakistan Army. Renala State Military Farms milk factory is located in Sathghara.
Renala Hydral Power Station
Renala Hydral Power Station is one of the most popular hydral stations of Pakistan and it is situated on Canal Loar-Bari-Doo-Aab. Sir Ganga Ram (1851–1927), a civil engineer and leading philanthropist of his time, established Renala Hydral Power Station in 1925. In 1873, after a brief Service in Punjab P.W.D, he devoted himself to practical farming. He obtained on lease from the government 50,000 acres (200 km2) of barren, unirrigated land in Montgomery District, and within three years converted that vast desert into smiling fields, irrigated by water lifted by a hydroelectric plant and running through a thousand miles of irrigation channels, all constructed at his own cost.
Sanctuaries
Jami'ah Karimia, Robina Town, near Basti Rahim Bakhsh
Jami'ah Masjid Abu Hurairah, Ghalah Mandi.
Jami'ah Masjid Ghosyiah Rizwea, Sadar Bazaar.
Jami'ah Masjid Ghosyiah Usmania, Muslim Town.
Jami'ah Um-ul-Qura, Low-Income Housing Scheme (C Block).
Jami'ah Ehsan, Low-Income Housing Scheme (B Block).
Jami'ah Usman, Low-Income Housing Scheme (A Block).
Jami'ah Aisha, (Ahle Hadith girls Islamic institute).
Masjid Samdiyah Salamiyah, Basti Hozoor sahib.
Gol Masjid,Old sabzi Mandi.
Masjid Al-Aqsa, Khizar Town near NADRA Office
Jami'ah Mahmoodiysh, G.T road.
Imam Barghah Bait-ul Hussain, near T.M.O office.
Jami'ah fatimah, (Shiah girls' Islamic Institute).
Catholic church
Catholic Church of Our Lady of Fatima
The Catholic Church (Our Lady of Fatima Parish) is situated at Mitchell's fruit farms. There is a nun's convent within the church compound. A boys school, a girls school and a hostel for boys is inside the compound.
This church made international news when Reverend Father George Ibrahim (aged 38) was martyred; he was a serving parish priest. On the early hours of 5 July 2003, at about 2:00 a.m., the parish priest of the Catholic Church at the Mitchell’s Fruit Farms, and his cook Pervaiz Masih were lying in the patio after returning from the DHQ (District Headquarters) Hospital in Okara around midnight. He had visited the hospital to inquire about Father Isaac’s health. Half a dozen assailants entered his house and killed him on resisting.[4]
University Of Okara
University of Okara -Previously known as University of Education Okara campus- is situated in Renala Khurd 1 km away from the city towards West, it was inaugurated in 2005 by -then- Prime Minister of Pakistan Mr Shaukat Aziz. it offers various programs in education aspect which is a great opportunity for the poor people of District Okara.
Shrines and religious personalities
Khwaja Abdus Samad Khan a Sufi Mystic chose to stay at this place upon migrating from India during the partition in 1947. His Urs is held on 13, 14 and 15 October every year, with Dua at 11.am at Khanqah Samadia Salamia Minhajia, the place of his shrine and the mosque by the canal.
'Manzoor-ul-moshikh' Sufi Manzoor Ahmad Sabri a Sufi Saint, was a religious personality of Renala Khurd his shrine is situated in Okara which is known as "Dargha Manzoor ul moshaikh", his Urs ceremony is held on every 1st and 2nd of Safar. Different projects of charity work are going on there , free maternity home serving poor women since 2010. New projects of free education, free food and library is under consideration .
Darbar BALA PIR a Sufi Saint and religious personality is also situated in Renala Khurd 15 km towards Ravi river near water ganj. Darbar of a Sufi Saint Syed Abdul Ghafoor Shah Gillani is located on main Chochak Road, Chak 4/1RA. an Urs is observed on April 5 every year at this shrine.
See also
- Chak No 12/1AL {Karkani)
- Kaluwal Mittha
- Chak 21/2l
- Okara District
- CHAK 4. G/D
- CHAK 31/1AL
- [ [chak 7/1.RA FOUJIAN WALA
[ [chak 20/A-2-L NEAR Renala bay pass]
- CHAK 16/1L NEAR BY RENALA KHURD