Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm
| English: "My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy" | |
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National anthem of  | |
| Lyrics | Johann Voldemar Jannsen, 1869 |
| Music | Fredrik (Friedrich) Pacius, 1848 |
| Adopted | 1920 |
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"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" (instrumental)
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"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" (Estonian pronunciation: [mu ˈisɑmɑː mu ˈɤnʲ jɑ ˈrɤːm]; English: "My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy") is the national anthem of Estonia; it was adopted as the national anthem (Estonian: (riigi)hümn) in 1920.
The lyrics were written by Johann Voldemar Jannsen and are set to a melody composed in 1848 by Fredrik (Friedrich) Pacius which is also that of the national anthem of Finland: "Maamme" (Swedish: "Vårt Land").[1] The only difference between the two anthems is the key signature they are in. It is also considered to be an ethnic anthem for Livonian people with text "Min izāmō, min sindimō" (English: "My Fatherland, my native land").
History
The song was first presented to the public as a choral work in the Grand Song Festival of Estonia in 1869 and quickly became a symbol of the Estonian National Awakening.
"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" was officially adopted as the national anthem of Estonia in 1920, after the Estonian War of Independence. In contrast, Finland never passed a similar legislation about Maamme, although it is considered a de facto Finnish anthem.
In 1944, the Soviet Union invaded and illegally occupied Estonia and "Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" ended up being banned by the Soviet regime. During the Soviet occupation of Estonia from 1945 to 1990, the Soviet puppet state for Estonia, known as the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, had its own state anthem. Yet the people of Estonia could often hear their former national anthem as Finland's state broadcaster Yleisradio, whose radio and television broadcasts were received in northern Estonia, played an instrumental version of the Finnish national anthem, identical to this song (except for an additional repetition of the last verse in the Finnish version), at the conclusion of its broadcast every night.
Lyrics
| Estonian[2][3] | Broad IPA transcription | Literal English translation | Poetic English translation | Võro translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First stanza | ||||
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Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm, |
mu isɑmɑː mu ɤnʲ jɑ rɤːm |
My fatherland, my joy and happiness, |
My native land, my joy and delight, |
Mu esämaa, mu õnn ja rõõm, |
| Second stanza | ||||
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Sa oled mind ju sünnitand |
sɑ oled mind ju synːitɑnd |
You have given me birth |
My little cradle stood on ground soil, |
Su pääl ma olõ sündünüq |
| Third stanza | ||||
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Su üle Jumal valvaku |
su yle jumɑl ʋɑlʋɑku |
May God watch over you, |
May God in Heaven thee gave birth to me, |
Su perrä Jummal kaegu, |
Notes
- 1 2 As Estonian is a genderless language, tema can refer to both a male and a female person.
References
- ↑ "Estonia - Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm". NationalAnthems.me. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
- ↑ "Riiklikud sümbolid". 13 April 2009. Archived from the original on 13 April 2009.
- ↑ "The President of the Republic of Estonia: National Symbols". 14 January 2006. Archived from the original on 14 January 2006.
External links
- The Estonian national anthem - web page of the State Chancellery, an audio stream. The anthem is played by The Defence Forces Orchestra, vocals by the National Male Choir.
- Streaming audio, lyrics and details of the Estonian anthem.
