Kathua district

Kathua district
कठुआ, کٹھوا
District of Jammu and Kashmir

Location of Kathua district in Jammu and Kashmir
Country India
State Jammu and Kashmir
Administrative division Jammu Division
Headquarters Kathua
Tehsils 1. Bani, 2. Basholi, 3. Billawar, 4. Hiranagar, 5. Kathua, 6. Nagri-Parole, 7. Marheen , 8. Dinga Amb, 9. Mahanpur, 10. Lohai Malhar, 11. Ramkote.
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituencies Doda-Udhampur-Kathua
 • Assembly seats 1. Kathua Urban, 2. Basoli, 3. Billawar, 4. Bani, 5. Hiranagar.
Area
 • Total 2,651 km2 (1,024 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 616,435
 • Density 230/km2 (600/sq mi)
 • Urban 14.6%
Demographics
 • Literacy 73.09%
 • Sex ratio 890
Vehicle registration JK-08
Major highways NH 44(Pathankot-Jammu), Bhaderwah-Basoli Highway, Border Road(Kathua-Bishnah).
Coordinates 32°35′N 75°30′E / 32.583°N 75.500°E / 32.583; 75.500Coordinates: 32°35′N 75°30′E / 32.583°N 75.500°E / 32.583; 75.500
Average annual precipitation 921cm ( Annual-Billawar) mm
Website Official website
jammu kashmir
kathua district

Kathua district is one of 22 administrative districts that comprise the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. It is surrounded by Jammu to the northwest, the Doda and Udhampur districts to the north, the state of Himachal Pradesh to the east, Punjab to the south, and Pakistan's working boundary to the west. Its terrain is diverse, consisting of rich agricultural areas along the Punjab/Kashmir border, plains sweeping eastward to the foothills of the Himalaya, and the mountainous Pahari region in the east.

Kathua district is divided into 8 blocks: Bani, Barnoti, Basholi, Billawar, Duggan, Ghagwal, Hiranagar, Kathua and Lohai Malhar. It has approximately 512 villages.

The traditional language of Kathua is Dogri. Pahari languages are prevalent in the mountainous area of the east. The principal media of education are English, Hindi, and Urdu.

In a Muslim majority state, Kathua, like the Jammu district, is overwhelmingly Hindu, Total Population is 6.15 Lacs (Census of India 2001). Hinduism practiced by 91%, Muslims 7% and Sikhs 2%.

A relatively safe regional pocket, Kathua was spared the decade-long insurrection sparked by the Khalistan separatist movement in Punjab State on the Indian side of Punjab region that ended in the early 1990s, just to its south, and the ongoing insurgency in Kashmir Valley further to the north, beginning in the 1980s.

History

Jodh Singh of the Andotra clan is believed to have migrated from Hastinapur to [Kathua] nearly 2,000 years ago.

His three sons established the three Hamlets of Taraf Tajwal, Taraf Manjali and Taraf Bhajwal. Their descendent are now called as Tajwalia, Bhajwalia and Khanwalia Rajputs of ANDOTRA sub-caste. Prior to 1921, the Kathua district was known as the Jasrota district. Between 1921–1931, the headquarters of the district was shifted to Kathua without any alteration in the area of governance.[1][2]

Greek historians, who provide an insight into the ancient history of Jammu hills, prominently record the existence in this area of two powerful empires - Abhisara (present day Poonch) and Kathaioi - at the time of invasion of India by Alexander. Strabo describes Kathaioi as a mighty republic of that era, located in the foothills along the Ravi River. The topography of Kathaioi corresponds with the present day Kathua. Strabo describes the people of this republic as the epitome of bravery and courage, and records that they gave a tough fight to invading army of Alexander.

There are many places which commemorate a visit to Kathua by Pandavas. Lord Krishna is also said to have come to this area, in order to get back from Jamawant the Syamantaka Mani.

Because of its close proximity to the Pakistan border, Kathua District has had a significant Indian Army presence since independence. The Army units were camped at Kathua during militancy in the state when the ultras (extremists) carried out attacks against government installations. Some of these ultras were Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and infiltration across the border from Pakistan was a major concern.[3] There were many attacks in the region beginning in the late 1980s. Among them, in 2002, in March ten people were killed in an attack in Kathua at a temple, in May thirty-two people were killed in an attack on a bus and Army residential complex, in July twenty-nine people were killed in an attack near Qasim Nagar, in September twelve people were killed when ultras attacked a bus at Hiranagar Morh.[4] In 2005, three terrorists attacked on army camp in front of District Hospital in Kathua killing two people. By 2008 the attacks had ceased.[5] But in 2013, ultras attacked a police station, killing four policemen and a civilian, stole a truck and then attacked an army camp in the neighboring Samba District.[5][5][6] An eight year old girl kidnapped on 10th january, raped and killed in a village by 7 people which outraged the nation for many protests Kathua rape case based on police chargesheet

Basohli Paintings

Basohli, a town of Kathua district, is widely known for its paintings. Immortalised by their artistic eminences and their connoisseur patrons, Basohli today is a metaphor for a vigorous, bold and imaginative artistic style, rich, stylish and unconventional.

A style of painting characterized by vigorous use of primary colours and a peculiar facial formula prevailed in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries in the foothills of the Western Himalayas in the Jammu and Punjab States.

The earliest paintings in this style originated in Basohli from where the style spread to the Hill States of Mankot, Nurpur, Kulu, Mandi, Suket, Bilaspur, Nalagarh, Chamba, Guler and Kangra. The first mention of Basohli painting is in the annual report of the Archaeological Survey of India published in 1921.

Administration

Kathua is divided into four subdivisions: Bani, Basohli, Billawar/Badnota, and Hiranagar. These Sub-Divisions are further divided into 11 tehsils:[7]

  • Kathua
  • Hiranagar
  • Billawar
  • Basohli
  • Bani
  • Nagri
  • Marheen
  • Dinga Amb
  • Mahanpur
  • Lohai Malhar
  • Ramkote

Politics

Kathua District has five assembly constituencies: Bani, Basohli, Kathua, Billawar and Hiranagar (S.C).[8]

Demographics

Religion in Kathua (2011)[9]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 87.61%
Islam
 
 10.42%
Sikhism
 
 1.55%
Others
 
 0.42%

Hindu 87.61%, Muslim 10.42%, Sikh 1.55% [10] According to the 2011 census Kathua district has a population of 616,435, roughly equal to the nation of Solomon Islands[11] or the US state of Vermont.[12] This gives it a ranking of 521st in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 246 inhabitants per square kilometre (640/sq mi) .[11] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 20.53%. Kathua has a sex ratio of 890 females for every 1000 males,[11] and a literacy rate of 73.09%.[11]


References

  1. ↑ Agrarian Legislation in India, Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, 1973, p. 232
  2. ↑ Office of the Registrar General, Census of India, 1961: Jammu and Kashmir, Manager of Publications, p. 142
  3. ↑ Kak. M. L. (29 August 2001). "Kathua next target of ultras ISI shifts officer to Sialkot Sector". The Tribune. Chandigarh, India. Archived from the original on 18 January 2002.
  4. ↑ Sharma, S. P. (1 October 2002). "Attack shows chinks in police set-up". The Tribune. Chandigarh, India. Archived from the original on 21 December 2002.
  5. 1 2 3 Singh, Ajit Kumar (2013). "J&K: Escalating Failures". South Asia Intelligence Review: Weekly Assessments & Briefings. 12 (13). Archived from the original on 8 January 2014.
  6. ↑ Hassan, Ishfaq ul (26 September 2013). "All three ultras in J&K terror attack killed, search operations over". DNA (Diligent Media Corporation). Archived from the original on 8 January 2014.
  7. ↑ "Kathua - Official Site". kathua.nic.in. Retrieved 2017-01-07.
  8. ↑ "ERO's and AERO's". Chief Electoral Officer, Jammu and Kashmir. Archived from the original on 2008-10-22. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
  9. ↑ http://www.census2011.co.in
  10. ↑ http://www.census2011.co.in
  11. 1 2 3 4 "Kathua District Population Census 2011, Jammu and Kashmir literacy sex ratio and density". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 2017-01-16.
  12. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2011-01-01. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Vermont 625,741
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