Isaiah 44

Isaiah 44
The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.
Book Book of Isaiah
Bible part Old Testament
Order in the Bible part 23
Category Nevi'im

Isaiah 44 is the forty-fourth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets.[1][2]

Text

Textual versions

Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:

Ancient translations in Koine Greek:

Structure

The New King James Version organises this chapter as follows:

Verse 1

“Yet hear now, O Jacob My servant,
And Israel whom I have chosen. (NKJV)[4]

Cross reference: Isaiah 42:1, Jeremiah 30:10

Verse 2

Thus saith the Lord that made thee,
and formed thee from the womb, which will help thee;
Fear not, O Jacob, my servant;
and thou, Jesurun, whom I have chosen.[5]

The word Jesurun is used in the King James Version; most modern translations use the word Jeshurun.[6] It is a poetic name or term of endearment[7] for Israel used four times in the Hebrew Bible.

Verse 6

"Thus saith the Lord, the King of Israel,
And his Redeemer, the Lord of hosts:
I am the First and I am the Last;
and beside Me there is no God.[8]

Cross reference: Revelation 1:8:

“I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End,” says the Lord, “who is and who was and who is to come.[9]

Verses 9-20

American theologian Albert Barnes describes this section as "a sarcastic statement of the manner in which idols were made, and of course, the folly of worshipping them".[10] The process of manufacturing idols is "described in minute detail, showing what an expenditure of human strength and contrivance is involved in the production of these useless deities".[11]

Verses 21-28

Israel is "once more promised deliverance, and the deliverer [is] mentioned by name":[12]

That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd,
and shall perform all my pleasure:
even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built;
and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid.[13][14]

Verse 22:

I have blotted out, like a thick cloud, your transgressions, and like a cloud, your sins [15]

The George Rawlinson argued that it would be better to reverse the word order, to as a cloud ... as a thick cloud, because "the latter of the two Hebrew words used is the more emphatic",[16] but in most translations the first reference to cloud is the strongest, for example:

I have made thy transgressions vanish away like a cloud, and thy sins like a vapour - Robert Lowth's translation.[17]

See also

References

  1. ↑ J. D. Davis. 1960. A Dictionary of The Bible. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House.
  2. ↑ Theodore Hiebert, et al. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
  3. ↑ Timothy A. J. Jull; Douglas J. Donahue; Magen Broshi; Emanuel Tov (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 38 (1): 14. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  4. ↑ Isaiah 44:1
  5. ↑ Isaiah 44:2
  6. ↑ BibleGateway.com, Translations of Isaiah 44:2, accessed 10 August 2018; also Jeshurun is used in the King James Version of Deuteronomy
  7. ↑ Waller, C. H., in Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers on Deuteronomy 32, accessed 16 January 2016
  8. ↑ Isaiah 44:6
  9. ↑ Revelation 1:8
  10. ↑ Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 44, accessed 12 August 2018
  11. ↑ Skinner, J, Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on Isaiah 44, accessed 12 August 2018
  12. ↑ Pulpit Commentary on Isaiah 44, accessed 13 August 2018
  13. ↑ Isaiah 44:28
  14. ↑ Xenophon, Cyropaedia, l. 1. sect. 1.
  15. ↑ Isaiah 44:22
  16. ↑ George Rawlinson et al. (ca. 1890). Isaiah (Vol II, Pulpit Commentary), page 157. Online in PDF facsimile and HTML editions.
  17. ↑ Lowth, R., Isaiah: a new translation: with a preliminary dissertation, and notes, critical, philological and explanatory, Boston, W. Hilliard; Cambridge, J. Munroe and Company, 1834, page 26

Jewish

Christian

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