Isaiah 33
Isaiah 33 | |
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The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter. | |
Book | Book of Isaiah |
Bible part | Old Testament |
Order in the Bible part | 23 |
Category | Nevi'im |
Isaiah 33 is the thirty-third chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is a part of the Book of the Prophets.[1][2] The Jerusalem Bible groups chapters 28-35 together as a collection of "poems on Israel and Judah".[3] According to Darby's Bible Synopsis, chapters 33 and 34 announce the last two great acts of judgment: in this chapter "God establishes Himself in Zion, and fills it with righteousness".[4]
Text
- The original text is written in Hebrew language.
- This chapter is divided into 24 verses.
Textual versions
Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:
- Masoretic Text (10th century)
- Dead Sea Scrolls: (2nd century BC) [5]
- 1QIsaa: complete
- 1QIsab: extant: verse 1
- 4QIsac (4Q57): extant: verses 2‑8, 16‑23
Ancient translations in Koine Greek:
- Septuagint (3rd century BC)
- Theodotion version (~AD 180)
Structure
The New King James Version organises this chapter as follows:
- Isaiah 33:1-9 = A Prayer in Deep Distress
- Isaiah 33:10-16 = Impending Judgment on Zion
- Isaiah 33:17-24 = The Land of the Majestic King
Verse 1
- Woe to you who plunder, though you have not been plundered;
- And you who deal treacherously, though they have not dealt treacherously with you!
- When you cease plundering,
- You will be plundered;
- When you make an end of dealing treacherously,
- They will deal treacherously with you.
Probably addressed to Sennacherib,[6] although the Jerusalem Bible suggests "it is difficult to identify the precise historical background of this psalm".[7]
Verse 20
- Zion, the city of our appointed feasts
The reference is to the three pilgrimage festivals of Pesach (Passover), Shavuot (Weeks or Pentecost), and Sukkot (Tabernacles, Tents or Booths) when the ancient Israelites living in the Kingdom of Judah would make a pilgrimage to the Temple in Jerusalem.
Verses 21 and 23a
- But there the Lord in majesty will be for us
- a place of broad rivers and streams,
- where no galley with oars can go,
- nor stately ship can pass.
- ...
- Your tackle hangs loose;
- it cannot hold the mast firm in its place,
- or keep the sail spread out.
These verses are interrupted by verse 22, which is better placed after verse 23a.[8]
Verse 22
- For the Lord is our judge,
- the Lord is our lawgiver,
- the Lord is our king;
- he will save us.[9]
Verse 22 in Hebrew
Masoretic text/Dead Sea Scrolls (read from right to left):
- כי יהוה שפטנו
- יהוה מחקקנו
- יהוה מלכנו
- הוא יושיענו
Transliteration:
The title "lawgiver" is also attributed to Moses. Baptist minister Alexander Maclaren notes that this verse makes reference to all three forms of government historically exercised in ancient Israel: "by Moses, by Judges, by Kings". Isaiah, he says, "looks beyond the human representative to the true divine Reality".[10]
See also
- Related Bible parts: James 4:12, Revelation 19, Revelation 20
References
- ↑ J. D. Davis. 1960. A Dictionary of the Bible. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House.
- ↑ Theodore Hiebert, et al. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
- ↑ Jerusalem Bible (1966), Isaiah section E: Poems on Israel and Judah
- ↑ Darby, J. N. (1857-62), Darby's Bible Synopsis on Isaiah 33, accessed 5 May 2018
- ↑ Timothy A. J. Jull; Douglas J. Donahue; Magen Broshi; Emanuel Tov (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
- ↑ Barnes, A. (1884), Barnes' Notes on Isaiah 33, accessed 4 May 2018
- ↑ Jerusalem Bible (1966), footnote at Isaiah 33:1
- ↑ Jerusalem Bible (1966), Isaiah 33
- ↑ Isaiah 33:22
- ↑ Maclaren, A., Expositions of Holy Scripture: Judge, Lawgiver, King, accessed 3 may 2018
External links
Jewish
Christian
- Isaiah 33 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
- Lowth, R., Isaiah: a new translation: with a preliminary dissertation, and notes, critical, philological and explanatory, Boston, W. Hilliard; Cambridge, J. Munroe and Company, 1834