Isaiah 22

Isaiah 22
The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.
Book Book of Isaiah
Bible part Old Testament
Order in the Bible part 23
Category Nevi'im

Isaiah 22 is the twenty-second chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is a part of the Book of the Prophets.[1][2] This chapter contains a prophecy against "untimely rejoicing in Jerusalem" [3] and "a threefold prediction of Shebna's fall, of Eliakim's elevation, and of Eliakim's fall".[4]

Text

Textual versions

Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:

  • Masoretic Text (10th century)
  • Dead Sea Scrolls: (2nd century BC) [5][6]
    • 1QIsaa: complete[5]
    • 1QIsab: extant: verses 9, 11‑18, 20, 24‑25[5]
    • 4QIsaa (4Q55): extant: verses 13‑25[5]
    • 4QIsab (4Q56): extant: verses 24‑25[5]
    • 4QIsac (4Q57): extant: verses 10‑14[5]
    • 4QIsaf (4Q60): extant: verses 15‑22, 25[5]

Ancient translations in Koine Greek:

Structure

The New King James Version organises this chapter as follows:

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges refers to verses 1-14 as "the inexpiable sin of Jerusalem". Isaiah alleges that they have sinned "beyond the possibility of pardon".[7]

Valley of Vision

Also referred to as the Valley of Hinnom,[8] from which the name Gehenna is derived.

Verse 8

He removed the protection of Judah.
You looked in that day to the armor of the House of the Forest;[9]

"The House of the Forest of Lebanon" was the name for one of the buildings established by King Solomon in Jerusalem, within his palace complex (1 Kings 7:2-5), which used a great amount of cedar wood from Lebanon for the "pillars, beams, and roofing material", thus looking like a "forest".

He built the house of the forest of Lebanon; its length was 100 cubits and its width 50 cubits and its height 30 cubits, on four rows of cedar pillars with cedar beams on the pillars.[10]

Once it stored the royal armour in form of "300 shields of gold and vessels of gold" (1 Kings 10:17-21; 2 Chronicles 9:16).[11]

Judgments against Shebna

That steward there ...

This expression points contemptuously to the position of the minister of the court.[4] The Jerusalem Bible distinguishes two separate oracles against Shebna: verses 15-18 and, later, verses 19-23.

Verse 25

Eliakim, "the peg driven into a firm place", will also be removed from office in due course.

See also

References

  1. ↑ J. D. Davis. 1960. A Dictionary of the Bible. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House.
  2. ↑ Theodore Hiebert, et al. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
  3. ↑ Subheading in Jerusalem Bible to Isaiah 22:1-8
  4. 1 2 Keil and Delitsch OT Commentary on Isaiah 22, accessed 9 April 2018
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dead sea scrolls - Isaiah
  6. ↑ Timothy A. J. Jull; Douglas J. Donahue; Magen Broshi; Emanuel Tov (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 37 (1): 14. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  7. ↑ Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges on Isaiah 22, accessed 8 April 2018
  8. ↑ Jerusalem Bible: Isaiah 22:1,5
  9. ↑ Isaiah 22:8
  10. ↑ 1Kings 7:2
  11. ↑ Butler, Trent C., editor, 'House of the Forest of Lebanon', Holman Bible Dictionary. Broadman & Holman, 1991. ISBN 978-1558190535

Jewish

Christian

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Easton, Matthew George (1897). "Forest". Easton's Bible Dictionary (New and revised ed.). T. Nelson and Sons.

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