Chloralose

Chloralose
Names
IUPAC name
(5ξ)-1,2-O-[2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene]-α-xylo-hexofuranose
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
85418
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.036.363
EC Number 240-016-7
KEGG
MeSH Chloralose
  • 7057995
  • 40467114 (2R,3aR,5R,6R)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-furo-5-yl
  • 27525 (2R,5R,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-furo-5-yl
  • 16211632 (1R)-dioxol, (2R,5R,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-furo-5-yl
  • 186624 (1R)-dioxol, (3aR,5R,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-furo-5-yl
  • 2723807 (2R,3aR,5R,6S,6aR)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-furo-5-yl
  • 85991
RTECS number FM9450000
UNII
Properties
C8H11Cl3O6
Molar mass 309.52 g·mol−1
Melting point 176 to 182 °C (349 to 360 °F; 449 to 455 K)
Hazards
Main hazards Harmful if swallowed

Harmful if inhaled

Xn
R-phrases (outdated) R20/22
S-phrases (outdated) (S2) S16 S24/25 S28
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Chloral hydrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Chloralose (also known as α-chloralose) is an avicide, and a rodenticide used to kill mice in temperatures below 15 °C. It is also widely used in neuroscience and veterinary medicine as an anesthetic and sedative.[1]

Chemically, it is a chlorinated acetal derivative of glucose.

It is listed in Annex I of Directive 67/548/EEC with the classification Harmful (Xn)

Chloralose exerts barbiturate-like actions on synaptic transmission in the brain, including potent effects at inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors.[2][3] A structural isomer of chloralose, β-chloralose (also called parachloralose in older literature), is inactive as a GABAA modulator and also as a general anesthetic.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Silverman J, Muir WW (Jun 1993). "A review of laboratory animal anesthesia with chloral hydrate and chloralose". Lab Anim Sci. 43 (3): 210–6. PMID 8355479.
  2. ↑ R. A. Nicoll & J. M. Wojtowicz (1980). "The effects of pentobarbital and related compounds on frog motoneurons". Brain Research. 191 (1): 225–237. PMID 6247012.
  3. ↑ K. M. Garrett & J. Gan (1998). "Enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor activity by alpha-chloralose". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 285 (2): 680–686. PMID 9580613.
  4. ↑ M. D. Krasowski & N. L. Harrison (2000). "The actions of ether, alcohol and alkane general anaesthetics on GABAA and glycine receptors and the effects of TM2 and TM3 mutations". British Journal of Pharmacology. 129 (4): 731–743. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0703087. PMC 1571881. PMID 10683198.


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