Mawtini (Ibrahim Tuqan song)

"Mawṭinī" (Arabic: موطني‎, lit. 'My Homeland') is the national anthem of Iraq, being adopted as such in 2004.

This article is about the current palestinian national anthem. For the former Iraqi national anthem, see Mawtini (L. Zanbaka song).
Mawṭinī
English: My Homeland
موطني
National anthem of  Iraq
Former national anthem of  Palestine
LyricsʾIbrāhīm Ṭūqān, 1934
MusicMuḥammid Flayfil, 1934
Adopted1936 (by Palestine)
2004 (by Iraq)
Relinquished1996 (by Palestine)
Preceded by"Mawtini" (Iraq)
Succeeded by"Fidāʾī" (Palestine)
Audio sample
"Mawṭinī" (instrumental)
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The song formerly served as the de facto national anthem of Palestine from the late 1930s Palestinian Arab revolt to 1996, when the country formally adopted an official national anthem.[1][2] Though it has since been superseded by an official national anthem there, many Palestinians still identify strongly with it and consider it a sort of unofficial second national anthem of their country.

History
National anthems of Iraq
 "As-Salam al-Malaki"1932–1958
 "Mawtini"1958–1965
 "Walla Zaman Ya Selahy"1965–1981
 "Ardh ul-Furatayn"1981–2003
 "Mawtini"2003–2004
 "Mawtini" 2004–present

It is a popular poem written by the Palestinian poet ʾIbrāhīm Ṭūqān c. 1934 and composed by the Lebanese composer Muḥammid Flayfil. It served as Palestine's de facto national anthem from its inception to 1996 when it was officially replaced by "Fidā’ī". However, many Palestinians still identify with it along with "Fida'i" and consider the former a sort of unofficial second national anthem of their country.[3]

In 2004, it was re-adopted as a national anthem, this time by Iraq, on the order of Coalition Provisional Authority chief Paul Bremer[4] as the national anthem of Iraq. It replaced "Mawṭinī" (of no relation to the current national anthem), which in turn replaced the old national anthem "Arḍulfurātayni", which had been in use since 1981 and was thus associated with Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist regime.[5]

Background

During the late 1950s and early 1960s, after it became a republic, Iraq used a national anthem also called "Mawṭinī", composed by Lewis Zanbaka.[6] Though it shares the same name as the current Iraqi national anthem, it is a different song altogether.[6] Unlike the current Iraqi national anthem, this version is instrumental and has no lyrics.[7][6]

After Iraq's Ba'athist regime was deposed in 2003, the old "Mawṭinī" formerly used as the Iraqi national anthem during the late 1950s and early 1960s was brought back and used temporarily as an interim national anthem[6] until it was replaced by the current "Mawṭinī" in 2004.

Lyrics

Arabic lyrics
Arabic script[8][9] Transliteration Phonemic transcription (IPA)
First verse

مَوطِنِي مَوطِنِي
الجلالُ والجمالُ والسَّنَاءُ والبَهَاءُ
في رُبَاكْ في رُبَاكْ
والحياةُ والنجاةُ والهناءُ والرجاءُ
في هواكْ في هواكْ
هلْ أراكْ هلْ أراكْ
سالِماً مُنَعَّماً و غانما مكرما
سالما منعما و غانما مكرما
هلْ أراكْ في عُلاكْ
تبلُغُ السِّمَاكْ تبلغُ السِّمَاكْ
مَوطِنِي مَوطِنِي

Mawṭinī mawṭinī
al-Jalālu wa-l-jamālu wa-s-sanāʾu wa-l-bahāʾu
Fī rubāk fī rubāk
Wa-l-ḥayātu wa-n-najātu wal-hanāʾu wa-r-rajāʾu
Fī hawāk fī hawāk
Hal ʾarāk hal ʾarāk
Sāliman munaʿʿaman wa-ġāniman mukarraman
Sāliman munaʿʿaman wa-ġāniman mukarraman
Hal ʾarāk fī ʿulāk
Tabluġu s-simāk tabluġu s-simāk
Mawṭinī mawṭinī

/mawtˤinij mawtˤinij/
/ald͡ʒalaːlu wa ld͡ʒamaːlu wa sːanaːʔu wa lbahaːʔu/
/fij rubaːk fij rubaːk/
/wa lħajaːtu wa nːad͡ʒaːtu wa lhanaːʔu wa rːad͡ʒaːʔu/
/fij hawaːk fij hawaːk/
/hal ʔaraːk hal ʔaraːk/
/saːliman munaʕːaman wa ɣaːniman mukarːaman/
/saːliman munaʕːaman wa ɣaːniman mukarːaman/
/hal ʔaraːk fij ʕulaːk/
/tabluɣu sːimaːk tabluɣu sːimaːk/
/mawtˤinij mawtˤinij/

Second verse

مَوطِنِي مَوطِنِي
الشبابُ لنْ يكِلَّ هَمُّهُ أنْ تستَقِلَّ
أو يَبيدْ أو يَبيدْ
نَستقي منَ الرَّدَى ولنْ نكونَ للعِدَى
كالعَبيدْ كالعَبيدْ
لا نُريدْ لا نُريدْ
ذُلَّنَا المُؤَبَّدا وعَيشَنَا المُنَكَّدا
ذُلَّنَا المُؤَبَّدا وعَيشَنَا المُنَكَّدا
لا نُريدْ بلْ نُعيدْ
مَجدَنا التّليدْ مَجدَنا التّليدْ
مَوطِنِي مَوطِنِي

Mawṭinī mawṭinī
As-sabābu lan yakilla hammuhu ʾan tastaqilla
ʾAw yabīd, ʾaw yabīd
Nastaqī mina r-radā wa-lan nakūna li-l-ʿidāʾ
Kā-l-ʿabīd, kā-l-ʿabīd
Lā nurīd lā nurīd
Ḏullanā l-muʾabbada wa ʿaysanā l-munakkadā
Ḏullanā l-muʾabbada wa ʿaysanā l-munakkadā
Lā nurīd bal nuʿīd
Majdanā t-talīd majdanā t-talīd
Mawṭinī mawṭinī

/mawtˤinij mawtˤinij/
/asːabaːbu lan jakilːa hamːuhu ʔan tastaqilːa/
/ʔaw jabijd | ʔaw jabijd/
/nastaqij mina rːadaː wa lan nakuwna li lʕidaːʔ/
/kaː lʕabijd ǀ kaː lʕabijd/
/laː nurijd laː nurijd/
/ðulːanaː lmuʔabːada wa ʕajsanaː lmunakːadaː/
/ðulːanaː lmuʔabːada wa ʕajsanaː lmunakːadaː/
/laː nurijd ba lnuʕijd/
/mad͡ʒdanaː tːalijd mad͡ʒdanaː tːalijd/
/mawtˤinij mawtˤinij/

Third verse

مَوطِنِي مَوطِنِي
الحُسَامُ و اليَرَاعُ لا الكلامُ والنزاعُ
رَمْزُنا رَمْزُنا
مَجدُنا و عهدُنا وواجبٌ منَ الوَفاء
يهُزُّنا يهُزُّنا
عِزُّنا عِزُّنا
غايةٌ تُشَرِّفُ و رايةٌ ترَفرِفُ
غايةٌ تُشَرِّفُ و رايةٌ ترَفرِفُ
يا هَنَاكْ في عُلاكْ
قاهِراً عِداكْ قاهِراً عِداكْ
مَوطِنِي مَوطِنِي

Mawṭinī mawṭinī
Al-ḥusāmu wa-l-yarāʿu lā l-kalāmu wa-n-nizāʿu
Ramzunā ramzunā
Majdunā wa ʿahdunā wa-wājibun mina l-wafāʾ
Yahuzzunā yahuzzunā
ʿIzzunā ʿizzunā
Ġāyatun tušarrifu wa rāyatun turafrifu
Ġāyatun tušarrifu wa rāyatun turafrifu
Yā hanāk fī ʿulāk
Qāhiran ʿidāk qāhirān ʿidāk
Mawṭinī mawṭinī

/mawtˤinij mawtˤinij/
/alħusaːmu wa ljaraːʕu laː lkalaːmu wa nːizaːʕu/
/ramzunaː ramzunaː/
/mad͡ʒdunaː wa ʕahdunaː wa waːd͡ʒibun mina lwafaːʔ/
/jahuzːunaː jahuzːunaː/
/ʕizːunaː ʕizːunaː/
/ɣaːjatun tuʃarːifu wa raːjatun turafrifu/
/ɣaːjatun tuʃarːifu wa raːjatun turafrifu/
/jaː hanaːk fij ʕulaːk/
/qaːhiran ʕidaːk qaːhiran ʕidaːk/
/mawtˤinij mawtˤinij/

English translation

I
My homeland, my homeland,
Glory and beauty, sublimity and splendor
Are in your hills, are in your hills.
Life and deliverance, pleasure and hope
Are in your air, are in your air.
Will I see you, will I see you?
Safely comforted and victoriously honoured.
Safely comforted and victoriously honoured.
Will I see you in your eminence?
Reaching to the stars, reaching to the stars
My homeland, my homeland.

II
My homeland, my homeland,
The youth will not tire
Their goal is your independence
Or they die, or they die.
We will drink from death, and will not be to our enemies
Like slaves, like slaves.
We do not want, we do not want
An eternal humiliation, nor a miserable life.
An eternal humiliation, nor a miserable life.
We do not want, but we will bring back
Our storied glory, our storied glory.
My homeland, my homeland.

III
My homeland, my homeland,
The sword and the pen, not the talk nor the quarrel
Are our symbols, are our symbols.
Our glory and our covenant, and a faithful duty
Moves us, moves us.
Our glory, our glory,
Is an honourable cause, and a waving flag.
Is an honourable cause, and a waving flag.
O, behold you, in your eminence,
Victorious over your enemies, victorious over your enemies.
My homeland, my homeland![10][11]

See also
  • "as-Salām al-Malakī", the former Iraqi national anthem, used from 1932 to 1958.
  • "ʾArḍ ul-Furātayn", the former Iraqi national anthem, used from 1981 to 2003.

References
  1. "National Anthems".
  2. "The song that inspired the Arab world". Archived from the original on 2019-08-29. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
  3. Wills, Emily Regan (July 2016). "Discourses and Differences: Situating Pro-Palestine Activism in Discursive Context". Theory in Action. 9 (3): 48–71.
  4. "Iraq aims to unite with new national anthem, flag". The Daily Star. September 24, 2012. Retrieved 1 October 2012.
  5. "Iraq - Mawtini". NationalAnthems.me. Retrieved 2011-11-05.
  6. Schaffer, Edward; Scotland, Jan; Popp, Reinhard (2017). "Iraq (1958-1965, 2003-2004)". National Anthems. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 30, 2017. Immediately after the fall of the Sadam Hussein government in 2003, 'Mawtini' was used again for a brief time as an interim anthem until a new one was adopted. (The title of this anthem is identical to the title of the anthem that replaced it in 2004).CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  7. Wetzel, Dan (August 24, 2004). "One last chance". Yahoo! Sports. Yahoo!. Retrieved December 4, 2017. The song is 'My Country.' It is relatively short, contains no words and was composed by a man named Lewis Zanbaka...
  8. "نشيد مَوطِني". المدرسة العربية الالكترونية. April 2003.
  9. "سمير الرسام - النشيد الوطني العراقي - موطني بحلته الجديدة - الحوار المتمدن". Ahewar. December 18, 2016.
  10. "Maw6ini" (PDF). Xpace Cultural Centre. June 29, 2018.
  11. "My Homeland: "The Youth will not tire, 'till your independence!"". Bethlehem Bible College. November 28, 2015.
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