Ardulfurataini

"Arḍ ul-Furātayn" (Arabic: أرض الفراتين‎, lit. 'Land of the Euphrates'), also known as the "Land of The Two Rivers", was the national anthem of Iraq from 1981 to 2003, during the Ba'athist regime of Saddam Hussein.

This article is about national anthem of Iraq from 1981 to 2003. For the geographic region in general, see Mesopotamia.
Arḍ ul-Furātayn
English: Land of the Euphrates
أرض الفراتين
Former national anthem of  Iraq
Also known as"Ardulfurataini Watan"
"Land of The Two Rivers"
LyricsShafiq al-Kamali
MusicWalid Georges Gholmieh, 1981[1]
Adopted1981
Relinquished2003
Preceded by"Walla Zaman Ya Selahy"
Succeeded by"Mawtini"
Audio sample
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History
National anthems of Iraq
 "As-Salam al-Malaki"1932–1958
 "Mawtini"1958–1965
 "Walla Zaman Ya Selahy"1965–1981
 "Ardh ul-Furatayn"1981–2003
 "Mawtini"2003–2004
 "Mawtini" 2004–present

It was adopted in 1981, written by Shafiq al-Kamali[2] (who died in 1984) with music by Walid Georges Gholmieh.[3]

The lyrics make mention of important people in Iraqi history, such as Saladin, Harun al-Rashid, and al-Muthanna ibn Haritha, with the last verse extolling Ba'athism.

In shortened performances, the chorus was played twice, preceded by an instrumental introduction. Other abridged performances had the chorus twice, then the first verse once, concluding with the chorus performed twice.[4] In full performances, the chorus was sung first twice, then each verse once with the chorus repeated twice in between, then the chorus sung again twice at the end.[5]

After the ousting of Saddam Hussein's Ba'athist regime in 2003,[6] the former national anthem of Iraq from the late 1950s and early 1960s, "Mawtini" (not to be confused with the current Iraqi national anthem of the same name) was reintroduced on a provisional basis. That was replaced in 2004 by the new Iraqi government with a new national anthem, also called "Mawtini", which is currently in use today.

Lyrics
"Arḍ ul-Furātayn"
Arabic Transliteration English translation
Chorus

𝄇 وطنٌ مدَّ على الأفقِ جناحا
وارتدى مجد الحضارات وِشاحا
بُوركتْ أرضُ الفراتين وطن
 عبقري المجد عزماً وسماحا 𝄆

𝄆 Waṭanun maddā ʿalā l-ufqi ǧanāḥā,
Wa-irtaddā maǧda l-ḥadārāti wišāḥā,
Bōrikat arḍu l-Furātayni waṭan,
ʿAbqarīya l-maǧd ʿazman wa-samāḥā. 𝄇

𝄆 A fatherland has extended its wings over the horizon,
And wore the glory of civilizations as a garment
Blessed be the land of the Euphrates
A homeland of glorious determination and tolerance. 𝄇

First verse

𝄇 هذه الأرض لهيبٌ وسنا
وشموخٌ لا تُدَانِيه سَما 𝄆
جبل يسمو على هَامِ الدنا
وسهولٌ جسَّدت فينا الإبا
بابل فينا وآشور لنا
وبنا التاريخ يَخْضَلُّ ضِيا
نحن في الناس جمعنا وحدنا
غضبة السيف وحلم الأنبياء
𝄇 حين أوقدنا رمال العُرْب ثورة
وحملنا راية التحرير فكرة 𝄆
منذ أن لزَّ مُثنى الخيل مُهْره
وصلاح الدين غطاها رِماحا

𝄆 Hathihi l-Arḍu lahibun wa sanā
Wa shomukhōn lā tōdānihi samā 𝄇
Ǧabalun yasmō ʿalā hām l-Duna
Wa sohōlon ǧāssādat fina l-iba
Babelu fina wa Ashuru lānā
Wa bina t-tarikhu yakhdhallu ḍiya
Naḥnu fin-nas ǧamāʿana waḥdana
Ghādbātas sayfi wa ḥelm al-anbiya
𝄆 Ḥina awqādna rimal l-ōrbi thawrah
Wa ḥāmalna rāyātat taḥriri fikrah 𝄇
Monthō an lazza muthānna l-khayli mohrah
Wa Salāḥuddini ghāttāha rimaḥa

𝄆 This homeland is made of flame and splendor
And pride unmatched by the highest heaven. 𝄇
[It is] a mountain that rises above the tops of the world
And a plain that embodies our pride.
Babylon is inherent in us and Assyria is ours,
And with us History [itself] radiates with light,
We alone, from among mankind, combined [in possession]
The anger of the sword and the patience of the prophets.
𝄆 When we ignited the sands of Arabs into a revolution
And bore the flag of liberty as an ideology 𝄇
Since al-Muthanna of Horses charged
And Saladin covered it with spears!

Chorus

𝄇 وطنٌ مدَّ على الأفقِ جناحا
وارتدى مجد الحضارات وِشاحا
بُوركتْ أرضُ الفراتين وطن
 عبقري المجد عزماً وسماحا 𝄆

𝄆 Waṭanun maddā ʿalā l-ufqi ǧanāḥā,
Wa-irtaddā maǧda l-ḥadārāti wišāḥā,
Bōrikat arḍu l-Furātayni waṭan,
ʿAbqarīya l-maǧd ʿazman wa-samāḥā. 𝄇

𝄆 A fatherland has extended its wings over the horizon,
And wore the glory of civilizations as a garment
Blessed be the land of the Euphrates
A homeland of glorious determination and tolerance. 𝄇

Second verse

𝄇 قسماً بالسيف والقول الأبي
وصهيل الخيل عند الطلب 𝄆
إننا سور مداها الأرحب
وهدير الشعب يوم النُّوَّب
أورثتنا البِيْدُ رايات النبي
والسجايا والشموخ اليعربي
مَجِّدي، جَذْلَى، بلاد العرب
نحن أشرقنا فيا شمس أغربي
𝄇 الجباه السُّمْرُ بِشْرٌ ومحبة
وصمودٌ شقَّ للإنسان دربه 𝄆
أيها القائد للعلياء شعبه
اجعل الآفاق للصولات ساحة

𝄆 Qasamān bes-sayfi wa l-qawli l-ābi
Wa sahil l-khayli ʿend t-talābi 𝄇
Innana sōrō ḥimāha l-arḥabi
Wa hadiru sh-shaʿāb yawmal nowwabi
Awrathatna r-reeḥu rayāt n-nabi
Wa s-saǧāyā wa sh-shōmōkh l-yaʿarobi
Maǧǧidy, ǧathla, belada l-ʿarabi
Naḥnu āshrāqna fa ya shams ughrubi
𝄆 Al-ǧebahō s-somrō bishrōn wa maḥabba
Wa sōmodōn shāqqa le-linsāni darbāh 𝄇
Ayyuha l-qaʿidu lel-ʿalyaa'i shʿabah
Eǧa'āli l-āfāq les-sawlati sāḥa

𝄆 We pledge by sword and the speech of pride
And the neighing of horses when in duty 𝄇
We are the wall of its limitless range
And the roarings of people in days of war
We inherited the flags of the Prophet from desert
And the Arabian nature and pride
Glorify well the Land of the Arabs
We have risen, oh Sun set
𝄆 The tanned foreheads are filled with laughter and love
And firmness that cruised for humans their way 𝄇
O you who is leading his people to supreme elevation
Make of the horizons our battlefields

Chorus

𝄇 وطنٌ مدَّ على الأفقِ جناحا
وارتدى مجد الحضارات وِشاحا
بُوركتْ أرضُ الفراتين وطن
 عبقري المجد عزماً وسماحا 𝄆

𝄆 Waṭanun maddā ʿalā l-ufqi ǧanāḥā,
Wa-irtaddā maǧda l-ḥadārāti wišāḥā,
Bōrikat arḍu l-Furātayni waṭan,
ʿAbqarīya l-maǧd ʿazman wa-samāḥā. 𝄇

𝄆 A fatherland has extended its wings over the horizon,
And wore the glory of civilizations as a garment
Blessed be the land of the Euphrates
A homeland of glorious determination and tolerance. 𝄇

Third verse

𝄇 يا سرايا البعث يا أُسْدَ العرين
يا شموخ العز والمجد التليد 𝄆
ازحفي كالهول للنصر المبين
وابعثي في أرضنا عهد الرشيد
نحن جيل البذل فجر الكادحين
يا رحاب المجد عدنا من جديد
أمة تبني بعزم لا يلين
وشهيدٍ يقتفي خَطْوَ شهيد
𝄇 شعبنا الجبار زهو وانطلاق
وقلاع العز يبنيها الرفاق 𝄆
دُمْتَ للعُرْبِ مَلاذاً يا عراق
وشموساً تجعل الليل صباحا

𝄆 Ya sarāyā l-baʿathi ya osd l-ʿarin
Ya shmōkh l-ʿEzi wa l-maǧd l-tālid 𝄇
Izāḥāfi kalhawli len-nāsri l-mubin
Wa-baʿathi fi Arḍina ʿahd r-Rāshid
Nahnu ǧil l-ba'thi, faǧru l-kadihin
Ya riḥāb l-maǧdi ʿodna min ǧadid
Ummatun tabni biʿazmin la yaleān
Wa shahidin yaqtāfi khatwa shahid
𝄆 Shaʿabuna l-ǧabbaro zahwōn wa āntilāq
Wa qelāʿu l-ʿezzi yabniha r-rifāq 𝄇
Domta le-lʿorbi malāthan Ya ʿIrāq
Wa shomōsan taǧalu l-layl sabāḥā.

𝄆 Oh company of al-Ba'th, you pride of lions,
Oh pinnacle of pride and of inherited glory, 𝄇
Advance, like terror, to a certain victory
And resurrect the time of al-Rashid in our land!
We are a generation who give all and toil to the utmost.
Oh expanse of glory, we have returned anew
To a nation that we build with unyielding determination.
And each martyr follows the footsteps of a former martyr.
𝄆 Our mighty nation is filled with pride and vigor
And the comrades build the fortresses of glory. 𝄇
May you remain forever a refuge for all the Arabs, Oh Iraq
And be as suns that turn night into day!

Chorus

𝄇 وطنٌ مدَّ على الأفقِ جناحا
وارتدى مجد الحضارات وِشاحا
بُوركتْ أرضُ الفراتين وطن
 عبقري المجد عزماً وسماحا 𝄆

𝄆 Waṭanun maddā ʿalā l-ufqi ǧanāḥā,
Wa-irtaddā maǧda l-ḥadārāti wišāḥā,
Bōrikat arḍu l-Furātayni waṭan,
ʿAbqarīya l-maǧd ʿazman wa-samāḥā. 𝄇

𝄆 A fatherland has extended its wings over the horizon,
And wore the glory of civilizations as a garment
Blessed be the land of the Euphrates
A homeland of glorious determination and tolerance. 𝄇

See also

References
  1. "Walid Georges Gholmieh". www.arkivmusic.com. Archived from the original on 2011-06-08.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  2. Dougherty, Beth K.; Ghareeb, Edmund A. (7 November 2013). "Historical Dictionary of Iraq". Scarecrow Press – via Google Books.
  3. Taus-Bolstad, Stacy (1 September 2003). "Iraq in Pictures". Twenty-First Century Books – via Google Books.
  4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9Q3L3tCqwI
  5. "Ardulfurataini" full lyrics in Arabic along with MP3 of singing (complete MP3)
  6. "Iraq (1958-1965, 2003-2004) – nationalanthems.info". 1 December 2017. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017.CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
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