List of United States state legislatures

US state governments by party control.
  Democratic control
  Republican control
  Split, Democratic – Republican
  Control to be confirmed
US state trifectas by party control.
  Democratic control
  Republican control
  Split control

Each state in the United States has a legislature as part of its form of civil government. Most of the fundamental details of the legislature are specified in the state constitution. 49 state legislatures are bicameral bodies, composed of a lower house (Assembly, General Assembly, State Assembly, House of Delegates, or House of Representatives) and an upper house (Senate). The United States also has five non-state territories and one federal district with local legislative branches, which are also listed below. Among the states, the Nebraska Legislature is the lone unicameral body, although three other areas (the District of Columbia, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands) also have unicameral bodies.

The exact names, dates, term lengths, term limits, electoral systems, electoral districts, and other details are determined by the individual states' laws.

Party summary

Party Control of Legislatures

31 Republican-controlled legislatures
14 Democratic-controlled legislatures
4 Split legislatures[1]
49 Total

Note: A party with a numerical majority in a chamber may be forced to share power with other parties due to informal coalitions or may cede power outright because of divisions within its caucus.

Party Control of State Governments

26 Republican-controlled governments
8 Democratic-controlled governments
6 Democratic governor/Republican-controlled legislature
6 Republican governor/Democratic-controlled legislature
1 Independent governor/Split legislature
1 Republican governor/Split legislature
2 Democratic governor/Split legislature
50 Total

The firmest control over a state legislature is exhibited in Hawaii, where Democrats hold every seat in the Senate and only five Republicans sit in the 45-seat state House of Representatives. Wyoming currently has the strongest Republican-led legislature, with overwhelming super-majorities in both houses. Four states (Idaho, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah) have had a Republican-led legislature in both houses for more than two decades.

Statistics

State legislators by party

As of June 1, 2018

PartyLower house[2]Upper house[3]Total
Republican (R) 3,001 (55.5%) 1,139 (57.8%) 4,140 (56.1%)
Democratic (D) 2,336 (43.2%) 809 (41%) 3,145 (42.6%)
Progressive (P) 7 (0.1%) 2 (0.1%) 9 (0.1%)
Libertarian (L) 3 (0.1%) 1 (0.1%) 4 (0.1%)
Green (G) 1 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (0%)
Independence (IP) 1 (0%) 0 (0%) 1 (0%)
Independent (I)† 20 (0.4%) 5 (0.3%) 25 (0.3%)
Vacant seats 42 (0.8%) 16 (0.8%) 57 (0.8%)
Total Seats 5,411 1,972 7,383

† Includes legislators who are unaffiliated, unenrolled, etc.

State legislatures

As of May 2018[4]
StateState ExecutiveLegislature NameLower houseUpper house
NameParty strengthTerm
(yrs.)		NameParty strengthTerm
(yrs.)
AlabamaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 70–324State SenateR 26–7, 1 Ind4
AlaskaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesCoalition (17 D, 3 R, 2 Ind)–182SenateR 14–64
ArizonaGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 35–252SenateR 17–132
ArkansasGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 76–242SenateR 23-94
CaliforniaGovernorState Legislature[nb 1]State AssemblyD 53–252State SenateD 26–134
ColoradoGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 36–292SenateR 18–16, 1 Ind4
ConnecticutGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 80–712SenateD 18–18 (Tied)2
DelawareGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 25–162SenateD 11–104
FloridaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 76–412SenateR 23–164
GeorgiaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 116-642State SenateR 37–192
HawaiiGovernorState LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 46–52SenateD 254
IdahoGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 59–112SenateR 29–62
IllinoisGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 67–512SenateD 37–212 or 4
IndianaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 70–302SenateR 41–94
IowaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 59–412SenateR 29–20, 1 Ind4
KansasGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 85–402SenateR 30–9, 1 Ind4
KentuckyGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 63–372SenateR 27–114
LouisianaGovernorState Legislature[nb 2]House of RepresentativesR 60–41, 3 Ind4State SenateR 25–144
MaineGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesCoalition (D 74, 6 Ind, 1 G)–702SenateR 18–172
MarylandGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of DelegatesD 91–504SenateD 33–144
MassachusettsGovernorGeneral CourtHouse of RepresentativesD 117–34, 2 Ind2SenateD 31–72
MichiganGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 63–472SenateR 27–114
MinnesotaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 77–562Senatetied 33–33, 1 vac.2, 4, 4
MississippiGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 72-484State SenateR 33–194
MissouriGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 114–472SenateR 24–94
MontanaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 59–412SenateR 32–184
NebraskaGovernorLegislatureLegislature[nb 3]R 31–15, 1 L, 2 Ind (Nonpartisan)4
NevadaGovernorLegislatureAssemblyD 27–152SenateD 10–8, 1 Ind4
New HampshireGovernorGeneral CourtHouse of RepresentativesR 218–175, 3 Lib2SenateR 14–102
New JerseyGovernorLegislatureGeneral AssemblyD 54–262SenateD 25–152, 4, 4
New MexicoGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesD 38–322SenateD 26–164
New YorkGovernorState LegislatureState AssemblyD 104–41, 1 Ind2State SenateCoalition (R 31, 1 D)-312
North CarolinaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 75–452SenateR 35–152
North DakotaGovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 81–134SenateR 38–94
OhioGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 66–332SenateR 24–94
OklahomaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 72–282SenateR 39–84
OregonGovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 35–252State SenateD 17–134
PennsylvaniaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 119–812State SenateR 34–164
Rhode IslandGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 64–112SenateD 33–42
South CarolinaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 80–442SenateR 28–184
South DakotaGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 59–102SenateR 29–62
TennesseeGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesR 74–252SenateR 26–54
TexasGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 95–552SenateR 20–114
UtahGovernorState Legislature[nb 4]House of RepresentativesR 62–132SenateR 24–54
VermontGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesD 83-53, 7 Pro, 7 Ind2SenateD 21-7, 2 Pro2
VirginiaGovernorGeneral AssemblyHouse of DelegatesR 51–492SenateR 21–194
WashingtonGovernorState Legislature[nb 5]House of RepresentativesD 50–482State SenateD 25-24 (23 R, 1 D)4
West VirginiaGovernorLegislatureHouse of DelegatesR 64–362SenateR 22–124
WisconsinGovernorLegislatureState AssemblyR 63–352State SenateR 18-144
WyomingGovernorLegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 51–92SenateR 27–34

Territorial and Federal District Legislatures

StateGovernorNameLower houseUpper house
NameParty strengthTerm
(years)		NameParty strengthTerm
(years)
American SamoaGovernorFonoHouse of RepresentativesNonpartisan 20 + 1 nonvoting delegate2SenateNonpartisan 184
District of ColumbiaMayorCouncil---Council (unicameral)D 11–0, 2 I4
GuamGovernorLegislature---Legislature (unicameral)D 9–62
Northern Mariana IslandsGovernorCommonwealth LegislatureHouse of RepresentativesR 14–0, 6 I2SenateR 7–0, 2 I4
Puerto RicoGovernorLegislative AssemblyHouse of RepresentativesPNP 34–16, 1 PIP[nb 6]4SenatePNP 21–4, 1 PIP, 1 I4
US Virgin IslandsGovernorLegislature---Legislature (unicameral)D 11–0, 3 I, 1 ICM2
55 New Progressive (PNP) legislators
31 Democratic (D) legislators
27 Republican (R) legislators
20 Popular Democratic (PPD) legislators
2 Puerto Rican Independence (PIP) legislators
1 Independent Citizens Movement (ICM) legislators
52 Independent and nonpartisan (I) legislators
1 Non-voting delegate (Swains Island)
189 Total

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The Constitution of California names it the "California Legislature", but the Legislature brands itself as the “California State Legislature”.
  2. ↑ The Constitution of Louisiana vests legislative authority in "a legislature, consisting of a Senate and a House of Representatives," and refers to it as "the legislature" throughout, without officially designating a term for the two houses together. However, the two bodies do use the term "Louisiana State Legislature" in official references to itself.
  3. ↑ When Nebraska switched to a unicameral legislature in 1937, the lower house was abolished. All current Nebraskan legislators are referred to as “Senators”, as the pre-1937 senate was retained house.
  4. ↑ The Constitution of Utah names it the "Legislature of the State of Utah", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Utah State Legislature".
  5. ↑ The Constitution of Washington names it "the legislature of the state of Washington", but the Legislature brands itself as the "Washington State Legislature".
  6. ↑ The ruling parties of Puerto Rico are separate from the Republican and Democratic parties.

References

  1. ↑ “Split” in the sense that each of the two chambers are controlled by a different party (e.g., a Democratic Senate and Republican House) or one chamber is evenly split between parties (and thus "hung". The Nebraska legislature, though officially nonpartisan, is de facto Republican-controlled, and listed as such.
  2. ↑ "Partisan composition of state houses". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  3. ↑ "Partisan composition of state senates". Ballotpedia. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
  4. ↑ "Partisan Composition of State Legislatures". Ballotpedia.
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