Galeterone

Galeterone
Clinical data
Synonyms TOK-001; VN/124-1; 17-(1H-Benzimidazol-1-yl)androsta-5,16-dien-3β-ol
Routes of
administration		 By mouth
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ECHA InfoCard 100.233.599 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
Formula C26H32N2O
Molar mass 388.555 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)

Galeterone (developmental code names TOK-001, VN/124-1) is a steroidal antiandrogen which was under development by Tokai Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of prostate cancer.[1] It possesses a unique dual mechanism of action, acting as both an androgen receptor antagonist and a CYP17A1 inhibitor, the latter of which prevents the biosynthesis of androgens.[2] As a CYP17A1 inhibitor, galeterone shows selectivity for 17,20-lyase over 17α-hydroxylase.[3]

Galeterone was being compared to enzalutamide in a phase III clinical trial (ARMOR3-SV) for AR-V7-expressing metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.[4][5] Tokai announced the discontinuation of ARMOR3-SV on July 26, 2016, after a data monitoring committee determined that the trial was unlikely to meet its endpoint.[6] On August 22, 2016, the company announced the discontinuation of their phase II expansion (ARMOR2) as well.[7]

In the week following cancellation of the ARMOR3-SV clinical trial, Tokai announced a reduction of its workforce by around 60% to a total of 10 "full-time equivalent employees."[8] On December 22, 2016, a definitive share purchase agreement was announced, under which shareholders of Otic Pharma Ltd. would become the majority owners of Tokai Pharmaceuticals Inc., resulting in a NASDAQ-listed company (OticPharma, Inc.) focused on the development and commercialization of products for ear, nose, and throat disorders.[9]

In August 2017, the development of galeterone was discontinued.[1]

Galeterone, along with abiraterone acetate, has been identified as an inhibitor of sulfotransferases (SULT2A1, SULT2B1b, SULT1E1), which are involved in the sulfation of dehydroepiandrosterone and other steroids and compounds, with Ki values in the sub-micrmolar range.[10]

References

  1. 1 2 http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800031243
  2. ↑ Brawer MK (2008). "New treatments for castration-resistant prostate cancer: highlights from the 44th annual meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, May 30–June 3, 2008, Chicago, IL". Rev Urol. 10 (4): 294–6. PMC 2615106. PMID 19145273.
  3. ↑ Yin L, Hu Q (2014). "CYP17 inhibitors--abiraterone, C17,20-lyase inhibitors and multi-targeting agents". Nat Rev Urol. 11 (1): 32–42. doi:10.1038/nrurol.2013.274. PMID 24276076.
  4. ↑ "A Study of Galeterone Compared to Enzalutamide In Men Expressing Androgen Receptor Splice Variant-7 mRNA (AR-V7) Metastatic CRPC - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov". clinicaltrials.gov. Retrieved 2016-02-27.
  5. ↑ Silberstein, John L.; Taylor, Maritza N.; Antonarakis, Emmanuel S. (2016-04-01). "Novel Insights into Molecular Indicators of Response and Resistance to Modern Androgen-Axis Therapies in Prostate Cancer". Current Urology Reports. 17 (4): 29. doi:10.1007/s11934-016-0584-4. ISSN 1534-6285. PMC 4888068. PMID 26902623.
  6. ↑ http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160726005553/en/Tokai-Pharmaceuticals-Announces-Clinical-Update
  7. ↑ http://seekingalpha.com/news/3204773-tokai-pharma-flux-lead-product-candidate-galeterone-enrollment-mid-stage-prostate-cancer
  8. ↑ http://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/tokai-pharmaceuticals-takes-ax-to-60-workforce-after-phiii-blowout
  9. ↑ https://www.streetinsider.com/Corporate+News/Otic+Pharma+to+Become+Majority+Owner+of+Tokai+Pharma+(TKAI)/12366309.html
  10. ↑ Yip CK, Bansal S, Wong SY, Lau AJ (February 2018). "Identification of Galeterone and Abiraterone as Inhibitors of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfonation Catalyzed by Human Hepatic Cytosol, SULT2A1, SULT2B1b, and SULT1E1". Drug Metab. Dispos. doi:10.1124/dmd.117.078980. PMID 29436390.


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