Daman and Diu

Daman and Diu
Damão e Diu (Portuguese)
Union territory
Devka Beach in Daman

Seal of Daman and Diu
Coordinates: 20°25′N 72°50′E / 20.42°N 72.83°E / 20.42; 72.83Coordinates: 20°25′N 72°50′E / 20.42°N 72.83°E / 20.42; 72.83
Country  India
Established 30 May 1987
Capital Daman
Government
 • Member of Parliament Lalubhai Patel
 • Administrator Praful Khoda Patel
 • Advisor to Administrator, Daman & Diu S. S. Yadav, IAS
 • High Court Bombay High Court
Area
 • Total 112 km2 (43 sq mi)
Area rank 35th
Population (2011)
 • Total 242,911
 • Rank 6th (among union territories)
 • Density 2,200/km2 (5,600/sq mi)
Languages[1]
 • Official Konkani
Gujarati[2]
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code IN-DD
No. of districts 2
HDI Increase 0.754 (2005)
HDI Category high
Sex ratio 1.61 ♂/♀
Website www.daman.nic.in

Daman and Diu /dəˈmɑːn ... ˈdiːuː/ ( locally ) is a union territory in Western India. With an area of 112 km2, it is the smallest federal division of India on the mainland. The territory comprises two distinct regions Daman and Diu, geographically separated by the Gulf of Khambhat. The state of Gujarat and the Arabian Sea border the territory. A Portuguese colony since the 1500s, the territories were amalgamated in India in 1961 through a military conquest.

History

St. Paul's Church in Diu

For over 450 years, the coastal enclaves of Daman (Portuguese: Damão) and Diu on the Arabian Sea coast were part of Portuguese India, along with Goa and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman and Diu were incorporated into the Republic of India on December 19, 1961, by military conquest. Portugal did not recognise the Indian annexation of these territories until the carnation revolution of 1974.

The territory of "Goa, Daman and Diu" was administered as a single union territory until 1987, when Goa was granted statehood, leaving Daman and Diu as a separate union territory. Each enclave constitutes one of the union territory's two districts. Daman and Diu are approximately 650 kilometres away from each other by road.

Demographics

Literacy

According to the 2011 census, Daman and Diu has a literacy rate of 87.1%, higher than the national average of 74.04%.[3] Male and female literacy rates are 91.5 and 79.5 percent respectively.

Literacy rates in Daman and Diu
Male
 
 91.5%
Female
 
 79.5%
Total
 
 87.1%

Sex Ratio

According to the 2011 census, the lowest female to male ratio in India (618 females per thousand males) was recorded in Daman and Diu.[4] The Daman district, with a female to male ratio of .533, is among the lowest of all the districts

Religion

Hinduism is by far the largest religion in Daman and Diu. Muslims are the second largest religious group in the territory followed by Christians.

Religion in Daman and Diu[5]
Hinduism
 
 96.48%
Islam
 
 2.03%
Christianity
 
 1.18%
Others
 
 0.44%

The Catholic Christians of Daman and Diu are pastorally served by the Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Goa and Daman, which has its see in Goa which is the primatial see of all India.

Languages

Gujarati is the mother tongue of most of the territory’s population, as they belong to the Gujarati-speaking Damaniya sub-caste. Along with Gujarati, Hindi and English are all official languages. Hindi and English are official languages because they are official languages of India’s central government. Daman and Diu were once part of a combined union territory along with Goa (a Konkani-speaking region), before Goa became a state in 1987.

The use of Portuguese, which was the territory’s official language during the colonial period, is in decline and relegated to home use. It is also used as a liturgical language by the territory’s Catholics. Standard Portuguese exists in a post-creole continuum while Daman and Diu Portuguese is spoken by about 10,000–12,000 people in Daman.

The languages taught in schools in Daman and Diu under the three-language formula are:[6]

First Language: Gujarati
Second Language: Hindi
Third Language: English

Administration

Diu Beach

According to the Constitution of India, Administration of Daman and Diu is carried out by an Administrator, appointed by the President of India as an agent of the President, not a head of state/government or a governor. Previously, this post was held by Shri B. S. Bhalla, IAS officer (1990 batch). He was assisted by a number of other officers in carrying out his duty. Currently, this post is held by Praful Khoda Patel.

Districts

Economy

The state's domestic product for Daman and Diu in 2005 was estimated at 156 million US dollars at current prices.

Education

In Daman, the most popular schools are Institute of Our Lady of Fátima located in Moti Daman, Coast Guard Public School in Nani Daman, Sarvajanik Vidyalaya in Nani Daman, Shri Macchi Mahajan High School in Nani Daman, and other government institutions. There is also a college named Government College, Daman which has most of the educational facilities. Diu College is also another degree college in Diu.

Transportation

Diu Airport Terminal

Daman and Diu are connected by roads, and are 12 km from Vapi, 125 km from Surat, and 195 km from Mumbai. Vapi railway station on the Western Railway is the station nearest to Daman, and connects to all major cities. Diu Airport has commercial air services, while Daman Airport has an Indian Navy air base.

An island located near Una (located in Junagarh District in the state of Gujarat), Diu is quite close to Delwada Railway Station (9 km). If you want to visit Diu, direct trains from Ahmedabad commute to Veraval which is at a distance of 90 km from Diu.[8][9]

Media and communications

Gujarati:

English:

Marathi:

Hindi:

Telecommunications

Tourism

Daman and Diu house various buildings and monuments with Portuguese styled architecture.

The nearest railway junction is Veraval, which is 90 km from Diu. Major cities like Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Pune, Jabalpur (Madhya Pradesh), Dwarka and Thiruvananthapuram are directly connected to Veraval Railway Station. Delwada is 8 km from Diu.

  • Jain Temple: This 18th-century temple is situated in northern region of Nani Daman Fort and is dedicated to Mahavir Swami. The temple is built with white marble and has beautiful carvings. The walls have an elegant glass cover with 18th-century murals that represents the life of Mahavir Swami.[10]
  • Nani Daman Fort
  • Diu Fort
  • Fort of Moti Daman
  • St. Thomas Church
  • Nadia Caves
  • St. Paul's Church
  • Tower of Silence
  • Daman Freedom Memorial
  • Fortim do Mar
  • Portuguese Fort
  • Se Cathedral
Beaches
  • Nagoa Beach is in Diu.
  • Ghoghla Beach is the largest beach on the island of Diu.
  • Chakratirth Beach is in Diu.
  • Gomtimata Beach is in Diu.
  • Jallandhar Beach has a shrine. The beach is named after Jallandhar, a mythological demon who was said to have been killed by Lord Krishna.[11]

Sister cities

Daman is a twin town of the city of Coimbra, Portugal.[12] Diu Island is twinned with the city of Loures, also in Portugal.[13]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "50th Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). 16 July 2014. p. 109. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  2. ↑ "Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 50th report (July 2012 to June 2013)" (PDF). Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. p. 113. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  3. ↑ census 2011
  4. ↑ "Ranking of States and Union territories by population size : 1991 and 2001" (PDF). Government of India (2001). Census of India. pp. 5–6. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
  5. ↑ https://www.census2011.co.in/census/state/daman+and+diu.html. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ↑ "51st REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. 15 July 2015. p. 125. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  7. ↑ "Census Population" (PDF). Census of India. Ministry of Finance India. Retrieved 2008-12-18.
  8. ↑ "About Daman". U.T. Administration of Daman & Diu.
  9. ↑ "HOW TO REACH DIU". MakeMyTrip.
  10. ↑ "Jain Temple Daman | Jain Temple in Daman Gujarat India | Religious Places of Daman | Religious Places of Gujarat | Nri Gujarati Tourism Places Jain Temple Daman". nrigujarati.co.in. Retrieved 2017-09-25.
  11. ↑ "Jallandhar Beach, Diu". www.nativeplanet.com. Retrieved 2016-05-13.
  12. ↑ "Damão, Índia". coimbra.pt (in Portuguese). Coimbra, Portugual: Câmara Municipal de Coimbra. 2014. Retrieved 2014-11-17.
  13. ↑ "Município – Cooperação externa – Diu". cm-loures.pt (in Portuguese). Loures, Portugual: Câmara Municipal de Loures. 2014. Retrieved 2014-11-17.
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