Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)

Cordillera Oriental (Eastern Ranges)
Highest point
Peak	Ritacuba Blanco[1]
Elevation	5,410 m (17,750 ft)
Listing	Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Serranía de los Yariguíes, Serranía de las Quinchas, Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, Serranía del Perijá
Dimensions
Length	1,200 km (750 mi) SW-NE
Area	144,252 km2 (55,696 sq mi)
Geography
Country	Colombia
Parent range	Andes
Geology
Age of rock	Neoproterozoic-Holocene
Mountain type	Andean Subduction-related orogen

The Cordillera Oriental (English: Eastern Ranges) is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at 5,410 m (17,750 ft) in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy.

Geography

The western part of the Cordillera Oriental belongs to the Magdalena River basin, while the eastern part includes the river basins of the Amazon River, Orinoco River, and Catatumbo River. Within it, the Altiplano Cundiboyacense and the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy (with the only snowy peaks in this mountain range) stand out. The mountain range contains the most páramos in the world, of which Ocetá is widely considered the most beautiful.

Protected areas

• Cueva de los Guácharos
• Chingaza National Natural Park
• Yariguíes National Park
• Sierra Nevada del Cocuy
• Sumapaz Páramo
• Tamá National Natural Park
• Los Estoraques Unique Natural Area
• Lake Iguaque
• Guanentá Alto Río Fonce Flora and Fauna Sanctuary
• Catatumbo Barí National Natural Park
• Los Picachos National Natural Park
• Pisba National Natural Park

Regional geology

Cretaceous stratigraphy of the central Colombian Eastern Ranges

Age	Paleomap	VMM	Guaduas-Vélez		W Emerald Belt		Villeta anticlinal		Chiquinquirá- Arcabuco	Tunja- Duitama	Altiplano Cundiboyacense		El Cocuy
Maastrichtian		Umir Fm.	Córdoba Fm.		Seca Fm.		eroded		Guadalupe Gp.				Colón-Mito Juan Fm.
					Umir Fm.
Campanian					Córdoba Fm.
					Oliní Gp.
Santonian		La Luna Fm.	Cimarrona Fm. - La Tabla Fm.										La Luna Fm.
Coniacian			Oliní Gp.				Villeta Gp	Conejo Fm.		Chipaque Fm.
			Güagüaquí Gp	Loma Gorda Fm.	undefined			La Frontera Fm.
Turonian				Hondita Fm.	La Frontera Fm.	Otanche Fm.
Cenomanian		Simití Fm.	hiatus		La Corona Gb.			Simijaca Fm.					Capacho Fm.
					Pacho Fm.			Hiló Fm. - Pacho Fm.	Churuvita Fm.	Une Fm.			Aguardiente Fm.
Albian					Hiló Fm.				Chiquinquirá Sst.	Tibasosa Fm.	Une Fm.
		Tablazo Fm.			Tablazo Fm.			Capotes Fm. - La Palma Fm. - Simití Fm.	Simití Fm.				Tibú-Mercedes Fm.
Aptian					Capotes Fm.			Socotá Fm. - El Peñón Fm.	Paja Fm.		Fómeque Fm.
		Paja Fm.			Paja Fm.	El Peñón Fm.		Trincheras Fm.					Río Negro Fm.
							La Naveta Fm.
Barremian
Hauterivian						Muzo Fm.					Cáqueza Gp	Las Juntas Fm.
		Rosablanca Fm.							Ritoque Fm.
Valanginian					Ritoque Fm.	Furatena Fm.	Útica Fm. - Murca Fm.		Rosablanca Fm.	Girón Fm.		Macanal Fm.
					Rosablanca Fm.
Berriasian		Cumbre Fm.			Cumbre Fm.				Los Medios Fm.			Guavio Fm.
		Tambor Fm.			Arcabuco Fm.				Cumbre Fm.
Sources

See also

• Geography of Colombia
• Altiplano Cundiboyacense, Bogotá savanna, Tenza Valley
• Cordillera Central, Occidental, Andean Region, Venezuelan Andes, continuation of this mountain system

References