春日

Chinese
 
spring (time); gay; joyful; youthful; love; lust; life
 
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
simp. and trad.
(春日)		 春 日

Pronunciation

Noun

春日

  1. (literary) spring; spring days
  2. (literary) spring sun

Derived terms
  • 春日遲遲／春日迟迟

Proper noun

春日

  1. (～市) Kasuga (a city in Fukuoka, Japan)
  2. (～鄉) Chunri (a mountain indigenous township in Pingtung, Taiwan)

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
春 日
しゅん
Grade: 2		 じつ
Grade: 1
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 春日 (MC t͡ɕʰiuɪn ȵiɪt̚)

Pronunciation

Noun

春日 (hiragana しゅんじつ, rōmaji shunjitsu)

  1. the sun in spring
  2. spring sunlight
  3. a day in spring
Derived terms
  • 春日 (しゅんじつ)遅 (ち)遅 (ち), 春日 (しゅんじつ)遅 (ち)々 (ち) (shunjitsu chichi, “serene spring day”)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
春 日
はる
Grade: 2		 ひ
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Kanji in this term
春 日
はる
Grade: 2		 ひ > び
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Compound of 春 (はる) (haru, “spring”) + 日 (ひ) (hi, “sun; day”).

Sometimes pronounced with rendaku (連濁), as harubi.

Pronunciation

Noun

春日 (hiragana はるひ, rōmaji haruhi, alternative reading はるび, rōmaji harubi)

  1. the sun in spring
  2. spring sunlight
  3. a day in spring
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 5, poem 846), text here
      可 (か)須 (す)美 (み)多 (た)都 (つ)那 (な)我 (が)岐 (き)波 (は)流 (る)卑 (ひ)乎 (を)可 (か)謝 (ざ)勢 (せ)例 (れ)杼 (ど)伊 (い)野 (や)那 (な)都 (つ)可 (か)子 (し)岐 (き)烏 (う)梅 (め)能 (の)波 (は)那 (な)可 (か)毛 (も) [Man'yōgana]
      霞 (かすみ)立 (た)つ長 (なが)き春 (はる)日 (ひ)をかざせれどいやなつかしき梅 (うめ)の花 (はな)かも [Modern spelling]
      kasumi tatsu nagaki haruhi o kazaseredo iya natsukashiki ume no hana kamo
      Through the long spring day, hazy with its rising mist, we keep our brows decked with blossoms of the plum, but only grow the fonder.[2]
  4. (poetic) a hazy spring day, alludes to 春日 (Kasuga)
Derived terms
  • 春 (はる)日 (ひ)の (haruhi no)
  • 春 (はる)日 (ひ)を (haruhi o)

Proper noun

春日 (hiragana はるひ, rōmaji Haruhi)

  1. a place name
  2. a surname
  3. a female given name

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
春 日
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
Irregular

From Old Japanese, first attested in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE), as an allusion from the 枕詞 (makurakotoba, “pillow word”) haruhi above.

Derivation uncertain, the kasu- part is probably from 霞む (kasumu, “grow hazy, be misty”), describing "spring", while the -ga is either from 日 (ka, “day”) or 処 (-ga, a suffix indicating a place). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Compare 飛鳥 (Asuka), with a similar derivation.

Pronunciation
  • (Irregular reading)
    • IPA(key): [ka̠sɨᵝɡa̠]

Proper noun

春日 (hiragana かすが, rōmaji Kasuga)

  1. a place name, such as a city in Fukuoka Prefecture
  2. a surname
  3. a female given name
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 春日 (かすが)井 (い) (Kasugai)
  • 春日 (かすが)形 (がた) (Kasuga-gata)
  • 春日 (かすが)権 (ごん)現 (げん) (Kasuga Gongen)
  • 春日 (かすが)市 (‐し) (Kasuga‐shi)
  • 春日 (かすが)杉 (すぎ) (Kasuga Sugi)
  • 春日 (かすが)大社 (たいしゃ) (Kasuga Taisha)
  • 春日 (かすが)灯 (どう)籠 (ろう) (Kasuga-dōrō)
  • 春日 (かすが)版 (ばん) (Kasuga-ban)
  • 春日 (かすが)信 (しん)仰 (こう) (Kasuga Shinkō)
  • 春日 (かすが)大 (だい)明 (みょう)神 (じん) (Kasuga Daimyōjin)
  • 春日 (かすが)野 (の) (Kasugano)
  • 春日 (かすが)の神木 (しんぼく) (Kasuga no Shinboku)
  • 春日 (かすが)の使 (つかい) (Kasuga no Tsukai)
  • 春日 (かすが)造 (づく)り (Kasuga-zukuri)
  • 春日 (かすが)通 (どお)り (Kasuga-dōri)
  • 春日 (かすが)鳥 (どり)居 (い) (Kasuga-dorii)
  • 春日 (かすが)藤織 (ふじおり) (Kasuga fujiori)
  • 春日 (かすが)盆 (ぼん) (Kasuga-bon)
  • 春日 (かすが)舞 (まい) (Kasuga-mai)
  • カスガマイシン (kasugamaishin, “kasugamycin”)
  • 春日 (かすが)祭 (まつり) (Kasuga Matsuri)
  • ^春日 (かすが)曼 (まん)荼 (だ)羅 (ら) (Kasuga Mandara)
  • 春日 (かすが)明 (みょう)神 (じん) (Kasuga Myōjin, deity of Kasuga Shrine)
  • 春日 (かすが)山 (やま) (Kasugayama)
  • 春日 (かすが)竜 (りゅう)神 (じん) (Kasuga Ryūjin)

Etymology 4

Other various nanori readings.

Proper noun

春日 (hiragana かすか, rōmaji Kasuka)

  1. a surname

春日 (hiragana かずか, rōmaji Kazuka)

  1. a place name

春日 (hiragana しゅんにち, rōmaji Shunnichi)

  1. a surname

春日 (hiragana はるか, rōmaji Haruka)

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname

春日 (hiragana はるま, rōmaji Haruma)

  1. a surname

Compounds

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. Edwin A. Cranston (1998) The Gem-Glistening Cup, Stanford University Press, →ISBN, page 548
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