幹

See also: 干 and 榦
幹 U+5E79, 幹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E79
← 幸
[U+5E78] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 幺 →
[U+5E7A]

Translingual

Han character

幹 (radical 51, 干+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 十十人一十 (JJOMJ), four-corner 48441, composition ⿰𠦝𫢉)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 341, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9183
  • Dae Jaweon: page 650, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 409, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5E79

Chinese
trad. 幹
simp. 干*
variant forms 榦

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
訐 *krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝 *kaːn
竿 *kaːn
干 *kaːn
奸 *kaːn
玕 *kaːn
汗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀 *kaːn
忓 *kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱 *kaːn
邗 *kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆 *kaːnʔ
矸 *kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠 *kaːnʔ
皯 *kaːnʔ
衦 *kaːnʔ
簳 *kaːnʔ
擀 *kaːnʔ
旰 *kaːns
盰 *kaːns
幹 *kaːns
杆 *kaːns
骭 *kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿 *kaːnʔ
趕 *kaːnʔ
稈 *kaːnʔ
刊 *kʰaːn
靬 *kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎 *kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻 *ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇 *ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸 *ŋɡaːns
鼾 *qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕 *qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊 *qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊 *qʰaːnʔ
虷 *ɡaːn
旱 *ɡaːnʔ
皔 *ɡaːnʔ
釬 *ɡaːns
扞 *ɡaːns
閈 *ɡaːns
馯 *ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍 *ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍 *ɡaːns
銲 *ɡaːns
垾 *ɡaːns
駻 *ɡaːns
睅 *ɡʷranʔ
娨 *ɡraːns
飦 *kan
赶 *ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒 *qʰan
蓒 *qʰan
酐 *qʰaːŋʔ
澣 *ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaːns) : semantic 倝 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).

Etymology 1

The vulgar sense entered Mandarin from Min Nan 姦／奸 (kàn), as 姦 shares the same pronunciation with 幹 in Min Nan.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation
Note:
  • gáng - literary;
  • guāng - colloquial.
Rime
Character 幹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古案切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɑnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɑnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kɑnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kanH/
Li
Rong		 /kɑnH/
Wang
Li		 /kɑnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kɑnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 gàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 幹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kanH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ˁar-s/
English stem; framework

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 幹
Reading # 1/1
No. 3587
Phonetic
component		 干
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 旰
Old
Chinese		 /*kaːns/

Definitions

幹

  1. main part of something; body; trunk
    樹幹 / 树干  ―  shùgàn  ―  trunk of a plant
    軀幹 / 躯干  ―  qūgàn  ―  body of animals
    幹道 / 干道  ―  gàndào  ―  main road; high street
  2. (colloquial) to do
    你在幹什麼？ / 你在干什么？  ―  Nǐ zài gàn shénme?  ―  What are you doing?
  3. to work
    幹活 / 干活  ―  gànhuó  ―  to work
    你是幹什麼的？ / 你是干什么的？  ―  Nǐ shì gàn shénme de?  ―  What is your job?
  4. (vulgar) to fuck, to engage in sexual intercourse
    幹恁娘！ / 干恁娘！ [Min Nan]  ―  Kàn-lín-niâ! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Fuck your mother!
    幹你媽！ / 干你妈！  ―  Gàn nǐ mā!  ―  Fuck your mother!
  5. (vulgar) to kill
    幹掉他！ / 干掉他！  ―  Gàndiào tā!  ―  Kill him!
  6. (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to steal
    誰幹走了我的筆？！ / 谁干走了我的笔？！  ―  Shuí gàn zǒu le wǒ de bǐ?!  ―  Who stole my pen?!
  7. (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) to blame, to condemn
    公幹 / 公干  ―  gōng gàn  ―  criticized by everyone

Compounds
Derived terms from 幹

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

幹

  1. just
  2. calm
  3. Alternative form of 乾／干 (gān, “dry”).
  4. Alternative form of 干 (gān, “heavenly stem”).
  5. dead

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Definitions

幹

  1. Alternative form of 韓／韩 (hán, “fence around well”).

Japanese

Kanji
幹

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology
幹 (miki): a tree trunk.
Kanji in this term
幹
みき
Grade: 5
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 身 (mi, “body”) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

幹 (hiragana みき, rōmaji miki)

  1. the trunk or core of something:
    1. a tree trunk
    2. a plant stalk

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

幹 • (gan) (hangeul 간, revised gan, McCune–Reischauer kan)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

幹 (cán)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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