U+5C0A, 尊
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C0A

[U+5C09]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5C0B]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 41, +9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿田木戈 (TWDI), four-corner 80346, composition)

Derived characters

References

Wikidata

  • KangXi: page 295, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7445
  • Dae Jaweon: page 585, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 509, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5C0A

Chinese

simp. and trad.
variant forms 𡭆
𢍜
𥈪

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*ʔsuːn
*ʔsuːn
*ʔsuːn
*ʔsuːn, *ʔsun
*ʔsuːn
*ʔsuːnʔ
*ʔsuːnʔ
*ʔsuːnʔ
*ʔsuːnʔ
*zuːn
*zuːnʔ, *zuːns
*zuːns
*ʔsun
*ʔsun, *zun
*sʰun
*sʰun

Ideogrammic compound (會意) :  (vinegar) +  (hand) – to give (cùn) an offering (qiú) – to show respect, veneration.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (13)
Final () (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡suən/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡suon/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡suən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡swən/
Li
Rong
/t͡suən/
Wang
Li
/t͡suən/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡suən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zūn
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zūn zūn
Middle
Chinese
‹ tswon › ‹ tswon ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ts]ˁu[n]/ /*[ts]ˁu[n]/
English honor (v.) wine-cup

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17984
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔsuːn/

Definitions

  1. to respect; to revere; to venerate
  2. to honor
  3. ancient wine vessel made of bronze

Synonyms

  • (respect): (jìng), (chóng), (zhòng)
  • (respectable): (chóng)

Antonyms

  • (respect): (), (miè), (miǎo)

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. noble, precious
  2. exalt, revere
  3. indicates respect and reverence, such as to a buddha or nobleman

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
みこと
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Derived from (mi-, honorific prefix) + (koto, thing, matter).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana みこと, rōmaji mikoto)

  1. (Shinto) indicates respect and reverence, such as to the (kami, Shinto deity) or the 天皇 (tennō, Emperor of Japan): Highness
  2. (by extension) indicates respect to a superior or other high-ranking person
  3. indicates deep affection: beloved
    • 711712, Kojiki (poem 4)
      ... () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () () [Man'yōgana]
      ...若草 (わかくさ) (つま)みこと (こと) (かた) (ごと)もこをば [Modern spelling]
      wakakusa no tsuma no mikoto koto no katarigoto mo ko o ba
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms

Pronoun

(hiragana みこと, rōmaji mikoto)

  1. (archaic, derogatory) second person personal pronoun: you
    Synonyms: あんた (anta), お前様 (omae-sama), 貴様 (kisama)
  2. (archaic) third person pronoun
    Synonyms: お方 (o-kata), (hito)
Derived terms
  •  () (みこと),  () (みこと) (wamikoto)

Proper noun

(hiragana みこと, rōmaji Mikoto)

  1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
とうと
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

⟨taputo1 → */taputʷo//tafuto//tauto//tɔːto//toːto/

From Old Japanese.

Stem of classical adjective 尊し (tafutoshi → tōtoshi), modern 尊い (tōtoi, precious, sacred).

Alternative forms

Noun

(hiragana とうと, rōmaji tōto, historical hiragana たふと)

  1. respect, reverence
    • 1702, Oku no Hosomichi
      あらたうと  (あを) () (わか) ()の  () (ひかり)
      ara-tōto, aoba wakaba no, hi no hikari
      (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
そん
Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC t͡suən).

Compare modern Mandarin (zūn).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana そん, rōmaji son)

  1. a superior
  2. (historical) zun: an ancient wine vessel usually made of bronze

Counter

(hiragana そん, rōmaji -son)

  1. (Buddhism) counter for buddhas

Proper noun

(hiragana そん, rōmaji Son)

  1. a male or female given name

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
Grade: 6
Irregular

Nominalization of classical adjective 高し (takashi), modern 高い (takai, high).

Proper noun

(hiragana たかし, rōmaji Takashi)

  1. a male given name

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
Grade: 6
Irregular

Various theories exist, possibly a nominalization of verb 長ける (takeru, to excel at).

Proper noun

(hiragana たける, rōmaji Takeru)

  1. a male given name

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 높을 (nopeul jon))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: tôn ((tổ)(côn)(thiết))[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: tôn[2][4], nhôn[3][5], ton[3][5], chun[1], tông[1], tun[5]

  1. Hán tự form of tôn (to respect).

Compounds

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  5. Hồ (1976).
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