魂

魂 (radical 194, 鬼+4, 14 strokes, cangjie input 一戈竹戈 (MIHI), four-corner 1671₃, composition ⿰云鬼)

• KangXi: page 1461, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45787
• Dae Jaweon: page 1994, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4428, character 9
• Unihan data for U+9B42

Historical forms of the character 魂
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢuːn) : phonetic 云 (OC *ɢun) + semantic 鬼.

魂

1. (religion, folklore) the hun, the soul which goes to heaven, as opposed to the 魄 (pò), which goes down to the earth with the body at death.
2. soul; spirit
3. mood
4. the lofty spirit of a nation or people

• 魄 (pò)
• 靈／灵 (líng)
• 幽靈／幽灵 (yōulíng)
• 鬼 (guǐ)

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. soul, spirit
2. vigor/vigour, willpower

• Go-on: ごん (gon)
• Kan-on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
• Kun: たま (tama, 魂); たましい (tamashii, 魂, Jōyō)^{←たましひ (tamasifi, historical)}
• Nanori: こころ (kokoro); もと (moto)

⟨tamasipi₁⟩ → */tamasipʲi/ → /tamaɕifi/ → /tamaɕiwi/ → /tamaɕiː/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tamasipi.

Compound of 魂 (tama, “soul, spirit”, see below) and an uncertain shii, possibly 強ひ (shihi → shii), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of classical verb 強ふ (shifu → shiu), modern 強いる (shiiru, “to force, compel”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• 魄

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) た​ましい [táꜜmàshìì] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ta̠ma̠ɕiː]

魂 (hiragana たましい, rōmaji tamashii, historical hiragana たましひ)

1. (religion, folklore) a soul, spirit
   • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 15, poem 3767), text here

     多 (た)麻 (ま)之 (し)比 (ひ)波 (は)安 (あ)之 (し)多 (た)由 (ゆ)布 (ふ)敝 (へ)尓 (に)多 (た)麻 (ま)布 (ふ)礼 (れ)杼 (ど)安 (あ)我 (が)牟 (む)祢 (ね)伊 (い)多 (た)之 (し)古 (こ)非 (ひ)能 (の)之 (し)氣 (げ)吉 (き)尓 (に) [Man'yōgana]

     魂 (たましひ)は朝 (あした)夕 (ゆふべ)にたまふれど我 (あ)が胸 (むね)痛 (いた)し恋 (こひ)の繁 (しげ)きに [Modern spelling]

     tamashii wa ashita-yūbe ni tamafuredo aga mune itashi koi no shigeki ni

     (please add an English translation of this example)

   Synonyms: ゼーレ (zēre); ソウル, ソール (sōru); 霊魂 (reikon)

2. mind, spirit, vigor/vigour, willpower

   Synonyms: ガイスト (gaisuto), 気力 (kiryoku), 心 (kokoro), 心魂 (kokorodama), 精神 (seishin)

3. (figuratively) spirit (manner or style of something, enthusiasm)
4. (figuratively, by extension) attitude, readiness

   Synonym: 気構え (kigamae)

5. discretion, judgement, prudence

   Synonyms: 才略 (sairyaku), 思慮 (shiryo), 分別 (funbetsu)

6. character, genius, talent, wisdom

   Synonyms: 素質 (soshitsu), 天分 (tenbun), 才気 (saiki)

7. (from a warrior's "spirit") a katana (single-edged Japanese sword)

   Synonym: 刀 (katana)

• 一 (いっ)寸 (すん)の虫 (むし)にも五 (ご)分 (ぶ)の魂 (たましい) (issun no mushi ni mo gobu no tamashii)
• 仏 (ほとけ)作 (つく)って魂 (たましい)入 (い)れず (hotoke tsukutte tamashii irezu)

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *tama.

Thought to be cognate with 玉 (tama, “jewel”).[1]

• 魄, 霊

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) た​ま [táꜜmà] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [ta̠ma̠]

魂 (hiragana たま, rōmaji tama, historical hiragana たま)

1. a soul, spirit
   • 905, Kokin Wakashū (book 10, poem 448)

     空蟬 (うつせみ)のからは木 (き)ごとにとどむれどたまのゆくへを見 (み)ぬぞかなしき

     utsusemi no kara-wa-ki-goto ni todomuredo tama no yukue no minu zo kanashiki

     (please add an English translation of this example)

   Synonym: 霊魂 (reikon)

From Middle Chinese 魂 (MC ɦuən).

Compare modern Mandarin 魂 (hún)

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) こ​ん [kóꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [kõ̞ɴ]

魂 (hiragana こん, rōmaji kon)

1. mind, spirit, will

   Synonyms: 心 (kokoro), 精神 (seishin)

2. a soul, spirit

   Synonym: 霊魂 (reikon)

3. hun: yang energy or spirit

   Antonym: 魄 (haku)

   Hypernym: 魂魄 (konpaku)

• 和 (わ)魂 (こん) (wakon)

From 心 (kokoro, “heart, mind, spirit”).

魂 (hiragana こころ, rōmaji Kokoro)

1. a female given name

魂 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon, Yale hon)

1. soul, spirit

魂 (hồn, hun, hùn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.