trí
See also: Appendix:Variations of "tri"
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʲɾʲiː/
Audio (GA) (file)
Etymology 1
| < 2 | 3 | 4 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : trí Ordinal : tríú Personal : triúr | ||
From Old Irish trí, from Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.
Usage notes
- May be used with nouns in both the singular and plural; the singular is more common in general, but the plural must be used with units of measurement and the like. Triggers lenition of nouns in the singular and h-prothesis of nouns in the plural:
- trí chat ― three cats
- trí troithe ― three feet
- trí huaire ― three times
- When used with the definite article, the definite article is always in the plural. When used with nouns modified by adjectives, the adjective is also in the plural and is always lenited after nouns in the singular but only lenites after nouns in the plural when they end in slender consonants:
- trí chapall bhána ― three white horses
- na trí eaglais mhóra ― the three big churches
- But:
- trí capaill bhána ― three white horses
- na trí heaglaisí móra ― the three big churches
- When referring to human beings, the personal form triúr is used.
Etymology 2
From Old Irish trí (“through”), from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂- (zero-grade form) of *terh₂- (“to pass through”).
Preposition
trí (plus dative, triggers lenition, before the definite article in singular tríd)
Inflection
Derived terms
Irish preposition contractions
| Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
| de (“from”) | den | de na desna* | de mo dem* | de do ded*, det* | dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
| do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* | do mo dom* | do do dod*, dot* | dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
| faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
| fara (“along with, beside”) | fairis an | fairis na | fara mo | fara do | farana | faranár | faranar | faranarb | faranarbh | |
| i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* | i do id*, it* | ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
| le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* | le do led*, let* | lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
| ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* | ó mo óm* | ó do ód*, ót* | óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
| trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
| *Dialectal. | ||||||||||
Mutation
| Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
| trí | thrí | dtrí |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tʲrʲiː/
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| trí | thrí | trí pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Vietnamese
Etymology
Sino-Vietnamese word from 智.
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [t͡ɕi˧˦]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʈɪj˨˩˦]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʈɪj˦˥]
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