Visa requirements for Irish citizens

Visa requirements for Irish citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Ireland. As of 7 April 2020, Irish citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 186 countries and territories, ranking the Irish passport 6th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Dutch, French, Portuguese and Swedish passports) according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

An Irish passport

Visa requirements map
Visa requirements for Irish citizens
  Ireland
  Freedom of movement or Common Travel Area
  Visa not required / ESTA / eTA / eVisitor
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements
Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees) Reciprocity
 Afghanistan Visa required[2] √
 Albania Visa not required[3] 90 days X
 Algeria Visa required[4] √
 Andorra Visa not required[5] √
 Angola eVisa[6][7] 30 days
  • Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested such pre-visa from the consulates of Angola abroad, are then issued with a visa on arrival at the country's border check points.
  • For a maximum total stay of 90 days within a one year period.[8]
  • Besides having printed confirmation that a visa will be issued upon arrival, passengers must: have a return/onward ticket, and have a hotel reservation confirmation.[9]
 X
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[10] 1 month √
 Argentina Visa not required[11] 90 days √
 Armenia Visa not required[12] 180 days X
 Australia eVisitor[13] 90 days
  • eVisitor, if granted, allows 90 day stay per visit for 12 months.
  • eVisitor is issued free of charge.
 √
 Austria Freedom of movement[14] √
 Azerbaijan eVisa[15] 30 days[16] X
 Bahamas Visa not required[17] 3 months
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[18] 3 months
  • Visa on arrival is single entry, subject to a fee.
  • Multiple entry visa available on arrival for 1 month stay.
  • Irish citizens can also apply for eVisas as an alternative.
 X
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[19] 30 days
  • Visitors can apply to extend their stay when in the country.
 X
 Barbados Visa not required[20] 6 months
  • Visitors must have proof of onward travel, whereby their final destination is their country of residence or origin.
 √
 Belarus Visa not required[21] 30 days
  • Travellers must arrive via Minsk International Airport to avail of visa-free access.
  • Travellers must also depart from Minsk International Airport, to a destination outside of Belarus and Russia.
  • Visa on arrival is not available to tourists travelling from Russia.
  • Irish citizens are allowed to stay without a visa for 15 days in the regions of Brest and Grodno
 X
 Belgium Freedom of movement[22] √
 Belize Visa not required[23] √
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[24][25] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 X
 Bhutan Visa required[26]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
  • Visitors are required to book with a registered tour operator in Bhutan.
 √
 Bolivia Visa not required[27] 90 days
  • 90 days within any year period
 √
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[28] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
 X
 Botswana Visa not required[29] 90 days
  • Extension to the visa-free period must be applied for in advance.
 √
 Brazil Visa not required[30] 90 days
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 Brunei Visa not required[31] 90 days √
 Bulgaria Freedom of movement[32] √
 Burkina Faso Visa on arrival[33] 1 month X
 Burundi Visa required[34]
  • Passengers holding an entry authorisation letter from the authorities may obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 1 month.
 √
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[35] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.[36]
  • Visitors are not permitted to make day-trips to Cambodia (except in certain circumstances).
 X
 Cameroon Visa required[37]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 √
 Canada Visa not required[38] 6 months √
 Cape Verde Visa not required[41] 30 days
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[42]
 X
 Central African Republic Visa required[43] √
 Chad Visa required[44]
  • Visitors holding an 'entry authorisation' letter can pick up a visa on arrival.
 √
 Chile Visa not required[45] 90 days
  • Visitors are issued an immigration card on arrival and will be prevented from leaving Chile without it.
 √
 China Visa required[46] √
 Colombia Visa not required[48] 90 days
  • Visitors may only enter Colombia for up to 180 days in any calendar year.
 X
 Comoros Visa on arrival[49] 45 days X
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[50] √
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[51] √
 Costa Rica Visa not required[52] 90 days √
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[53] 3 months
  • eVisa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport.
 X
 Croatia Freedom of movement[54] √
 Cuba Tourist Card required[55] 30 days √
 Cyprus Freedom of movement[56] √
 Czech Republic Freedom of movement[57] √
 Denmark Freedom of movement[58] √
 Djibouti eVisa[59] 31 days X
 Dominica Visa not required[60] 6 months √
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[61] X
 Ecuador Visa not required[62] 90 days[63]
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 X
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[64][65] 30 days X
 El Salvador Visa not required[66] 3 months √
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[67] √
 Eritrea Visa required[68]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 √
 Estonia Freedom of movement[69] √
 Eswatini Visa not required[70] 30 days[63]
  • Extension of stay possible for a maximum of 90 days in total.
 √
 Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[71] up to 90 days X
 Fiji Visa not required[74] 4 months √
 Finland Freedom of movement[75] √
 France Freedom of movement[76] Freedom of movement √
 Gabon eVisa / Visa on arrival[77] 90 days
  • Electronic visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.
 X
 Gambia Visa not required[78] 90 days X
 Georgia Visa not required[79] 1 year X
 Germany Freedom of movement[80] √
 Ghana Visa required[81]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 √
 Greece Freedom of movement[82] √
 Grenada Visa not required[83] 3 months[63] √
 Guatemala Visa not required[84] 90 days √
 Guinea eVisa[85] 90 days X
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[86] 90 days X
 Guyana Visa not required[87] 3 months √
 Haiti Visa not required[88] 90 days X
 Honduras Visa not required[89] 3 months √
 Hungary Freedom of movement[90] √
 Iceland Freedom of movement[91] √
 India e-Visa[92] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][93]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa can only be obtained twice in one calendar year.
 X
 Indonesia Visa not required[94] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.
 X
 Iran Visa on arrival[95] 30 days[96]
  • A visa on arrival is only available at Qeshm, Kish, Mashhad, Isfahan, Shiraz, Tabriz and Tehran.
  • Extension of stay is possible.
  • Women will be refused entry if not wearing Islamic head cover, scarf, long sleeves or stockings.
  • All foreigners must report to the Iranian police within 8 days of arrival.
  • Visa on arrival excludes all reporters, journalists, photographers and cameramen, who must obtain a visa prior to entering Iran.
  • A visa on arrival for business travellers is available if holding a letter of invitation from a government agency which is issued at least 2 days prior to arrival.
 X
 Iraq Visa required[97]
  • Visa on arrival is available at Sulaimaniyah and Erbil airports and stays are limited to 15 days, with an extension of stay possible.
 √
 Israel Visa not required[98] 3 months
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 Italy Freedom of movement[99] √
 Jamaica Visa not required[100] 90 days X
 Japan Visa not required[101] 90 days
  • Irish citizens may apply for an extension of stay with the Ministry of Justice for up to 6 months.
 √
 Jordan Free visa on arrival[102] 6 months
  • A free visa on arrival may be obtained only when travel is organised through an authorised tour operator in Jordan. The tour group must not consist of less than 5 people and there must be a minimum 2 night stay in Jordan. A return ticket must be presented to avail of this visa option.
  • All other passengers who are not travelling as part of a tour group may obtain a visa on arrival, subject to a fee. The visa on arrival has a maximum validity of 6 months.
  • Visa fees may be waived for those in possession of a Jordan Pass depending on the length of their visit to the kingdom. [103]
 X
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[104] 30 days X
 Kenya eVisa / Visa on arrival[105] 3 months X
 Kiribati Visa not required[106] 30 days √
 North Korea Visa required[107] √
 South Korea Visa not required[108] 90 days √
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[109] 3 months X
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[110] 60 days X
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[111][112] 30 days
  • Visa on arrival is available at international airports Luangphabang, Pakse, Savannakhet and Vientiane, and at 4 land borders Friendship Bridge,[Note 3] and at 13 border crossings[Note 4] as well as Tanalaeng train station in Vientiane, which connects to the train station in Nongkai, Thailand.[113] Visa on arrival facility will be gradually phased out at various border crossings starting January 2020.[114]
  • eVisa may be used to enter Laos through the following entry points — Wattay International Airport and the First Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge
  • Entry points Lalai, Lantui, Meuang mom, Pakxan, and Phoudou are open only to visa holders.
  • Visa on arrival is extendable up to 60 days.
 X
 Latvia Freedom of movement[115] √
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[116] 1 month
  • Free visa on arrival can be granted whenever a telephone number and address in Lebanon is provided.
  • Visa can be extended for an additional two months.
 X
 Lesotho Visa not required[117] 90 days √
 Liberia Visa required[118]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival, subject to conditions.
 √
 Libya Visa required[119]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
  • Passengers arriving in Libya must hold a non-objection form issued by the Libyan Immigration Authorities.
  • All travellers arriving in Libya for tourism must convert $1000 USD in freely convertible currency, or debit the amount from a credit card upon arrival in the country.
 √
 Liechtenstein Freedom of movement[120] √
 Lithuania Freedom of movement[121] √
 Luxembourg Freedom of movement[122] √
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[123] 90 days X
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[124][125] 90 days
  • A residence permit must be obtained for those wishing to stay beyond 90 days.
 X
 Malaysia Visa not required[126] 3 months
  • If no return ticket is held, one must be purchased at the border or entry will be refused.
 √
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[127] 30 days[63] X
 Mali Visa required[128] √
 Malta Freedom of movement[129] √
 Marshall Islands Visa not required[130] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 X
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[131] X
 Mauritius Visa not required[132] 90 days
  • 180 days maximum stay in any one calendar year.
 X
 Mexico Visa not required[133] 180 days √
 Micronesia Visa not required[134] 30 days
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 X
 Moldova Visa not required[135] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period
 X
 Monaco Visa not required[136] √
 Mongolia Visa on arrival[137] 30 days X
 Montenegro Visa not required[138] 90 days X
 Morocco Visa not required[139] 90 days X
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[140] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 X
 Myanmar eVisa[141] 28 days
  • eVisa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports or via land border crossings with Thailand — Tachileik, Myawaddy and Kawthaung or India — Rih Khaw Dar and Tamu.
  • eVisa available for both tourism (allowed stay is 28 days) or business (allowed stay is 70 days) purposes.
 X
 Namibia Visa not required[142] 3 months X
 Nauru Visa required[143]
  • Visa requirement waived for holders of an Entry Permit letter.
 X
   Nepal Visa on arrival[144] 90 days
  • Extension of stay is possible of up to 150 days.
  • Business travellers can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 5 years, subject to a fee and a license issued by the Ministry of Industry.
 X
 Netherlands Freedom of movement[145] (European Netherlands) √
 New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[146] 90 days
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be obtained alongside Electronic Travel Authority.[147]
 X
 Nicaragua Visa not required[148] 90 days
  • Tourist card must be obtained on arrival, subject to a fee.
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 Niger Visa required[149] √
 Nigeria Visa required[150]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 √
 North Macedonia Visa not required[151] 90 days X
 Norway Freedom of movement[152] √
 Oman eVisa[153] 30 days
  • A visa waiver is in place for travellers who are arriving directly from the Emirate of Dubai who have a visa or an entrance stamp from Dubai, whereby the visa must be valid for 21 days at least upon arrival in Oman.
  • A visa waiver is in place for travellers who are arriving directly from Qatar, whereby the visa must state as being valid for Oman and must be valid for at least one month on arrival.
 X
 Pakistan Online Visa[154]
  • Online Visa eligible.[155]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[156]
 X
 Palau Free visa on arrival[157] 30 days
  • Extension is possible for a fee.
 X
 Panama Visa not required[158] 180 days √
 Papua New Guinea eVisa / Free visa on arrival[159] 60 days X
 Paraguay Visa not required[160] 90 days √
 Peru Visa not required[161] 183 days X
 Philippines Visa not required[162] 30 days
  • A visa on arrival is available for a maximum stay of 59 days.
  • Extension of stay is only possible for those who obtained a visa on arrival, to a maximum of 1 year.
 X
 Poland Freedom of movement[163] √
 Portugal Freedom of movement[164] √
 Qatar Visa not required[165] 30 days
  • Visa waiver available for Irish citizens with a 30 day extension available.
 X
 Romania Freedom of movement[166] √
 Russia Visa required[167]
  • Visa waiver available for passengers arriving by cruise only who are staying in Russia for a maximum of 72 hours.
  • As of July 1, 2019, visitors to the Kaliningrad exclave may avail of an e-Visa (free) for trips of up to 8 days. Onward travel to other regions of Russia is not permitted.
  • Starting from October 1, 2019, Irish nationals may be granted an e-visa to enter the Russian Federation through air, naval, automobile, and pedestrian checkpoints located in the territory of Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad region.
 √
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[168] 30 days X
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[169] 3 months
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[170] 6 weeks
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[171] 1 month
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 Samoa Visa not required[172] 60 days
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 √
 San Marino Visa not required[173] √
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[174] 15 days X
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[175][176] 90 days X
 Senegal Visa not required[177] 90 days X
 Serbia Visa not required[178] 90 days
  • Irish citizens may stay in Serbia for 90 days within any 6-month period.
  • Extension is possible.
 X
 Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[179] 3 months[63]
  • Irish citizens can extend their stay for three months, up to a maximum of 12 months.
  • Visitor's permit is issued free of charge, subject to documentation being provided at the entry point.
 √
 Sierra Leone Visa on arrival[180] X
 Singapore Visa not required[181] 90 days
  • Extension of stay possible.
 √
 Slovakia Freedom of movement[182] √
 Slovenia Freedom of movement[183] √
 Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[184] 3 months
  • 3 months within a year period
 √
 Somalia Visa on arrival[185] X
 South Africa Visa not required[186] 90 days
  • Extension of stay possible for an additional 90 days.
 √
 South Sudan Visa required[187] √
 Spain Freedom of movement[188] √
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[189] 30 days
  • Extension of stay possible for an additional 150 days for Irish citizens.
 X
 Sudan Visa required[190] √
 Suriname eVisa[191] X
 Sweden Freedom of movement[192] √
  Switzerland Freedom of movement[193] √
 Syria Visa required[194] √
 Tajikistan Visa on arrival[195] 45 days
  • Visa also available online. E-visa holders can enter through all border points.[196]
 X
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[197][198] 3 months X
 Thailand Visa not required[199] 30 days
  • ACMECS Single Visa issued by Cambodia and Thailand are valid for 90 days from the date of issue and are valid for a stay of 60 days in Thailand.
  • Extension of stay is possible.
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
 X
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[200] 90 days
  • Irish and UK citizens, unlike other EU citizens, must pay a $30 visa fee on arrival.[201]
 X
 Togo Visa on arrival[202] 7 days
  • Extension of stay possible for an additional 90 days, subject to a fee.
 X
 Tonga Free visa on arrival[203] 31 days
  • Extension of stay for a further 5 months is possible.
 X
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[204] √
 Tunisia Visa not required[205] 3 months X
 Turkey Visa not required[206] 90 days X
 Turkmenistan Visa required[207]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 √
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[208] 1 month[63] X
 Uganda Free visa on arrival[209]
  • Irish Citizens are not required to apply for an eVisa and are granted a fee-free visa on arrival.[210]
  • An East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda can also be used for entry.[211]
 X
 Ukraine Visa not required[212] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180 day period.
 X
 United Arab Emirates Free visa on arrival[213] 30 days
  • Extension of stay is possible for a further 30 days with a fee.
 X
 United Kingdom Freedom of movement[214] √
 United States Visa Waiver Program[215] 90 days
  • ESTA required if arriving by air or cruise ship.[216]
  • ESTA is valid for two years when issued.
  • Holders of non-biometric passports must obtain a visa for the United States as they are ineligible to apply for an ESTA.
  • Leaving the United States and re-entering from Canada or Mexico will not reset the original 90 day maximum stay. You can only reset the timer by leaving North America.
 √
 Uruguay Visa not required[217] 90 days
  • Extension of stay is possible for a further 90 days.
 √
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[218] 30 days X
 Vanuatu Visa not required[219] 30 days[63] √
  Vatican City Visa not required[220] √
 Venezuela Visa not required[221] 90 days
  • Extension of stay is possible for a further 90 days.
 X
 Vietnam eVisa[222] 30 days
  • A single entry eVisa is available.[223]
  • Fee payable.
 X
 Yemen Visa required[224] √
 Zambia Visa not required[225] 90 days
  • For those travelling to Zambia for business, the maximum stay is 30 days in any one-year period.
  • Tourists are allowed 90 days in any one-year period.
 X
 Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[226] 3 months
  • For those travelling to Zimbabwe for business, a visa on arrival can also be issued for a maximum stay of 30 days.
 X

Territories

Visa requirements for Irish citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Europe
Africa
Asia
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Oceania
South America
  • Galápagos — Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[325]
South Atlantic and Antarctica

Non-ordinary passports

Holders of diplomatic or official passports of Ireland have additional visa-free access to Kuwait. Holders of diplomatic or service passports of any country have visa-free access to Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Mali and Zimbabwe.

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[346] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being available.

Vaccination
An International Certificate of Vaccination required to prove that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever
Main article: Carte Jaune

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[347]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently.[348]

Passport validity length

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[349] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[350] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[351]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Honduras, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova, and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland and the United Kingdom also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, and South Africa.

Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay. Some countries have bilateral agreements with other countries to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[352][353] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[354]

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[355] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning their entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.

Israeli stamps
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[356] Lebanon,[357] Libya,[358] Sudan,[359] Syria,[360] and Yemen[361] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel. Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when travelling into and out of Gaza. Also, passports are still stamped (as of 22 June 2017) at the Jordan Valley/Sheikh Hussein and Yitzhak Rabin/Arava land borders with Jordan.

The Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage claims that having an Israeli stamp does not disqualify someone from visiting Saudi Arabia.[362]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Armenian ethnicity
Main article: Armenia–Azerbaijan relations

Due to a state of war existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the government of Azerbaijan not only bars entry of Armenian citizens, but also all citizens and nationals of any other country who are of Armenian descent, into the Republic of Azerbaijan.[363][364]

Azerbaijan also strictly bans any visit by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[365] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[366] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[367] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Upon request, the authorities of the largely unrecognised Republic of Artsakh may attach their visa and/or stamps to a separate piece of paper in order to avoid detection of travel to their territory.

Biometrics
See also: Countries applying biometrics
A fingerprint scanner at Dulles International Airport collects biometric data on visitors, which can be used for confirming identities.

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[368]

Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[369][370] Argentina,[371] Brunei, Cambodia,[372] China,[373] Ethiopia,[374] Ghana, Guinea,[375] India, Japan,[376][377] Kenya (fingerprints and photo),[378] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[379] Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[380] Singapore, South Korea,[381] Taiwan, Thailand,[382] Uganda[383] and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its legislature),[384] [385] [386] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[387]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[388] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[389][390]

Common Travel Area
Main article: Common Travel Area

The Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, together with its Crown Dependencies of Guernsey, Jersey and the Isle of Man make up a Common Travel Area where:

  • No ID is required for travel by land for British or Irish citizens
  • Only photographic ID is required for travel by air or sea for British or Irish citizens (but some airlines - such as Ryanair - may mandate passports for all)

However, there are occasionally checks on coaches and trains moving between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Citizens of third countries must have passports and, if required, visas to travel between the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland.

British visas don't enable travel to Ireland for people without agreement with Ireland, and vice versa. Air and sea passengers travelling between the Common Travel Area and the Schengen Area are subject to systematic passport/identity checks.

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

As citizens of the European Union, all Irish citizens have the right to seek consular assistance and protection from embassies of fellow EU member states when they are in a non-EU country without an Irish embassy.

See also List of diplomatic missions of Ireland.

Countries with Irish diplomatic missions

See also

References and Notes
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  384. Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC’s 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the “what if” stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  385. Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  386. LIPTON, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  387. Campoy, Ana; Campoy, Ana. "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  388. "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  389. "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  390. "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn’t the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
Notes
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammuan
    • Bokeo
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Samliemkham - (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
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