Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor

There are two known receptors for the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) termed VPAC1 and VPAC2.[1][2] These receptors bind both VIP and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) to some degree. Both receptors are members of the 7 transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor family.

vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 1
Identifiers
SymbolVIPR1
Alt. symbolsRDC1, HVR1, VAPC1
NCBI gene7433
HGNC12694
OMIM192321
RefSeqNM_004624
UniProtP32241
Other data
LocusChr. 3 p22
vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2
Identifiers
SymbolVIPR2
Alt. symbolsVPAC2
NCBI gene7434
HGNC12695
OMIM601970
RefSeqNM_003382
UniProtP41587
Other data
LocusChr. 7 q36.3
adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 (pituitary) receptor type I
Identifiers
SymbolADCYAP1R1
Alt. symbolsPACAPR
NCBI gene117
HGNC242
OMIM102981
RefSeqNM_001118
UniProtP41586
Other data
LocusChr. 7 p14

VPAC1 is distributed widely in the CNS, liver, lung, intestine and T-lymphocytes.

VPAC2 is found in the CNS, pancreas, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, adipose tissue, testis, and stomach.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) receptors are activated by the endogenous peptides VIP, PACAP-38, PACAP-27, peptide histidine isoleucineamide (PHI), peptide histidine methionineamide (PHM) and peptide histidine valine (PHV). “PACAP type II receptors” (VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors) display comparable affinity for PACAP and VIP, whereas PACAP-27 and PACAP-38 are >100 fold more potent than VIP as agonists of most isoforms of the PAC1 receptor.[3]

References
  1. Laburthe M, Couvineau A, Marie JC (2002). "VPAC receptors for VIP and PACAP". Recept. Channels. 8 (3–4): 137–53. doi:10.1080/10606820213680. PMID 12529932.
  2. Laburthe M, Couvineau A (2002). "Molecular pharmacology and structure of VPAC Receptors for VIP and PACAP". Regul. Pept. 108 (2–3): 165–73. doi:10.1016/S0167-0115(02)00099-X. PMID 12220741.
  3. "VIP and PACAP receptors". IUPHAR Guide to Pharmacology. The British Pharmacological Society (BPS) and the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR).
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