List of cities by GDP

This is a list of cities in the world by gross domestic product (GDP). The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city, as not all cities may be classified using the same criteria. Cities may be defined as the cities proper, the extent of their urban area, or their metropolitan regions.[3] The methodology of calculating GDP may differ between the studies and are widely based on projections and sometimes approximate estimations, notably for cities that are not within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Refer to sources for more information. Click on the headers to reorganize columns.

City proper /
Metropolitan area		 Country/Region UNSD
sub‑region[4]		 Official est.
Nominal
GDP ($BN)		 Brookings Institution[5]
2014 est.
PPP-adjusted
GDP ($BN)		 PwC[6]
2008 est.
PPP-adjusted
GDP ($BN)		 McKinsey[7]
2010 est.
Nominal
GDP ($BN)		 Other est.
Nominal
GDP ($BN)
Aachen-Liège-Maastricht
 Germany
 Belgium
 Netherlands		 Western Europe 99.7
Aberdeen  United Kingdom Northern Europe 11.3 (2008)[8]
Abidjan  Ivory Coast Africa 13
Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates Western Asia 119[9] 178.3 67.1
Addis Ababa  Ethiopia Africa 12
Adelaide  Australia Oceania 59.1 (2015–16)[10] 47.4
Ahmedabad  India South Asia 68[11] 59 22
Akron  United States North America 36.800 (2018)[12] 32.8
Albany  United States North America 59.657 (2018)[12] 58.4
Albuquerque  United States North America 42.896 (2018)[12] 39.9
Alexandria  Egypt Africa 32.4 46
Algiers  Algeria Africa 45
Allentown  United States North America 45.024 (2018)[12] 37.3
Almaty  Kazakhstan East Asia 53.1
Amsterdam  Netherlands Western Europe 154.0 (2015)[13] 320.6[Note 1] 47
Anápolis  Brazil South America 6.740 (2011)[14]
Ankara  Turkey Western Asia 104.9 58 64.9
Anshan  China East Asia 67.4
Arnhem-Nijmegen  Netherlands Western Europe 27.9 (2016)[13] 44.4
Athens  Greece Southern Europe 93.7 (2015)[13] 129.6 96
Atlanta  United States North America 397.261 (2018)[12] 294.4 304 249.7 242.4[15]
Auckland  New Zealand Oceania 49.5 55
Austin  United States North America 146.784 (2018)[12] 107.4
Bakersfield  United States North America 49.514 (2018)[12] 47.9
Baghdad  Iraq Western Asia 24
Baltimore  United States North America 205.313 (2018)[12] 173.7 137 118.1[15]
Bandung  Indonesia South-East Asia 62.3 [16] 60.0
Batam  Indonesia South East Asia 35.3 10.2
Bangkok  Thailand South-East Asia 306.8 119 105.0
Baotou  China East Asia 40.8 (2017)[17] 94.1
Barcelona  Spain Southern Europe 173.315 (2017)[13] 171.0 177
Basel-Mulhouse   Switzerland France Western Europe 56.2
Baton Rouge  United States North America 56.315 (2018)[12] 53.5
Beijing  China East Asia 513 (2019)[18] 506.1 166 206.2
Belfast  United Kingdom Northern Europe 25.5 (2015)[13]
Belgrade  Serbia Southern Europe 17.4 (2014)[19]
Belo Horizonte  Brazil South America 54.996 (2011)[14] 84.7 61 78.5
Bengaluru  India South Asia 45.1 69 28.6
Berlin  Germany Western Europe 215.2 (2015)[20] 157.7 95
Bielefeld-Detmold  Germany Western Europe 50.5
Bilbao  Spain Southern Europe 36.9 (2015)[13] 38.5
Birmingham  United Kingdom Northern Europe 81.8 (2016)[13] 121.1 90
Birmingham, Alabama  United States North America 62.881 (2018)[12] 54.164
Bogotá  Colombia South America 159.9 100 221.1 (2015)
Bologna  Italy Southern Europe 43.4 (2015)[13] 36.3
Bordeaux  France Western Europe 55.9 (2015)[13] 40.2
Boston  United States North America 463.570 (2018)[12] 360.1 363 261.1[15]
Brasília  Brazil South America 164.482 (2011)[14] 141.9 110 101.6
Braunschweig-Wolfsburg  Germany Western Europe 45.5
Bremen  Germany Western Europe 30.4 (2015)[20] 47.9
Bridgeport  United States North America 89.387 (2018)[12] 70.0
Brisbane  Australia Oceania 120.6 (2015–16)[21] 96.6
Bristol  United Kingdom Northern Europe 88.448 (2017)[13] 47.7
Brussels  Belgium Western Europe 144.359 (2016)[13] 254.3 83
Bucharest  Romania Southern Europe 49.407 (2016)[13] 72.4
Budapest  Hungary Central Europe 58.5 (2016)[13] 98.0 53
Buenos Aires  Argentina South America 315.9 362 191.7
Buffalo  United States North America 68.989 (2018)[12] 72.7
Bursa  Turkey Western Asia 80.1
Busan  South Korea East Asia 75.9 (2018)[12] 296.5 121
Cairo  Egypt Africa 102.2 145
Calgary  Canada North America 97.9
Cambridge  United Kingdom Northern Europe 18.6[22]
Campinas  Brazil South America 40.525 (2011)[14] 59.3
Campo Grande  Brazil South America 9.211 (2011)[14]
Campos dos Goytacazes  Brazil South America 16.174 (2011)[14]
Cape Town  South Africa Africa 58.9 103
Caracas  Venezuela South America 51.8 41 92[23]
Cardiff-Newport  United Kingdom Northern Europe 33.7 (2016)[13] 36.0
Casablanca  Morocco Africa 37.9 33
Chandigarh  India South Asia
Changchun  China East Asia 96.7 (2017)[17] 124.5 26
Changsha  China East Asia 156.0 (2017)[17] 186.4 40.3
Changzhou  China East Asia 98.1 (2017)[17] 110.9 34.3
Charlotte  United States North America 169.862 (2018)[12] 126.2
Chengdu  China East Asia 205.7 (2017)[17] 233.5 33 57.8
Chennai  India South Asia 78.6 [11] 66
Chicago  United States North America 689.464 (2018)[12] 563.2 574 496.4 461.4[15]
Chittagong  Bangladesh South Asia 24
Chongqing  China East Asia 342 (2019)[18] 315.6 57 88.6
Cincinnati  United States North America 141.052 (2018)[12] 110.9
Cleveland  United States North America 134.369 (2018)[12] 115.1 112 99.3[15]
Columbia  United States North America 43.118 (2018)[12] 37.2
Columbus  United States North America 129.328 (2018)[12] 108.9
Copenhagen  Denmark Northern Europe 134.3 (2016)[13] 127.0[Note 2] 49
Cork  Ireland Northern Europe

24.0 (2015)
Cracow  Poland Central Europe 22.0 (2015)[13] 33.1
Coventry  United Kingdom Northern Europe 7.4 (2008)[8]
Curitiba  Brazil South America 58.082 (2011)[14] 57.7 44
Daegu  South Korea East Asia 56.9 (2018)[12] 54.5 43
Daejeon  South Korea East Asia 39.6 (2018)[12] 39.6
Dalian  China East Asia 109.1 (2017)[17] 198.8 53.8
Dallas–Fort Worth  United States North America 512.509 (2018) 412.7 338 324.9 315.5[15]
Daqing  China East Asia 39.7 (2017)[17] 98.5
Dayton  United States North America 43.254 (2018)[12] 37.5
Dar es Salaam  Tanzania Africa 8
Delhi (NCR)  India South Asia 293.6[11] 167 47.6
Denver  United States North America 214.157 (2017)[12] 169.7 165 131.6[15]
Des Moines  United States North America 50.339 (2018)[12] 39.5
Detroit  United States North America 267.731 (2018)[12] 207.5 253 198.6[15]
Dhaka  Bangladesh South Asia 78 78 29
Doha  Qatar Western Asia 98.8
Dongguan  China East Asia 112.3 (2017)[17] 141.1 62.7
Dongying  China East Asia 56.3 (2017)[17] 83.7
Dubai  United Arab Emirates Western Asia 82.9
Dublin  Ireland Northern Europe 127.8 (2015)[13] 90.1 61
Durban  South Africa Africa 48.9
Durham  United States North America 54.687 (2018)[12] 37.0
East Rand  South Africa Africa 55.3 54
Edinburgh  United Kingdom Northern Europe 41.8 (2016)[13] 32.5
Edmonton  Canada North America 83.0
Eindhoven-Den Bosch  Netherlands Western Europe 91.5
El Paso  United States North America 32.570 (2018)[12] 32.7
Faisalabad  Pakistan South Asia 20.55[24] 68.05
Faridabad  India South Asia
Florence  Italy Southern Europe 40.1 (2015)[13] 52.5
Fortaleza  Brazil South America 42.010 (2011)[14] 35.2 25
Foshan  China East Asia 141.4 (2017)[17] 184.5 83.5
Frankfurt  Germany Western Europe 230.0
Fresno  United States North America 47.408 (2018)[12] 45.5
Fukuoka–Kitakyushu  Japan East Asia 185 (2013)[25] 193.3 88[Note 3] 157.3[26]
Fuzhou  China East Asia 105.2 (2017)[17] 117.4 23.4
Geneva   Switzerland Western Europe 44.0
George Town  Malaysia South-East Asia 38.0
Glasgow  United Kingdom Northern Europe 66.4 (2016)[13] 56.7
Gothenburg  Sweden Northern Europe 84.4 (2016)[13] 40.0
Ghaziabad  India South Asia
Grand Rapids  United States North America 61.615 (2018)[12] 51.6
Greensboro  United States North America 43.154 (2018)[12] 40.9
Greenville  United States North America 46.431 (2018)[12] 35.6
Goiânia  Brazil South America 22.763 (2011)[14]
Guadalajara  Mexico North America 80.7 81
Guangzhou  China East Asia 341 (2017)[17] 380.3 143 146.1
Gujranwala  Pakistan South Asia 21 (2017)[17] 20.3 15.36 14.1
Gurgaon  India South Asia 25 (2018)
Guwahati  India South Asia 2.7 (2018)
Gwangju  South Korea East Asia 36.8 (2018)[12] 36.7
Haifa  Israel Western Asia 40.4
Hamamatsu  Japan East Asia 52.3
Hamburg  Germany Western Europe 120.1 (2015)[20] 161.4 74
Hangzhou  China East Asia 150.8 (2015)[27] 219.5 70.5
Hannover  Germany Western Europe 51.5 (2015)[20] 59.6
Hanoi  Vietnam South-East Asia 42
Harbin  China East Asia 94.1 (2017)[17] 127.9 38.8
Harrisburg  United States North America 39.896 (2018)[12] 35.1
Hartford  United States North America 99.465 (2018)[12] 101.2
Hefei  China East Asia 106.8 (2017)[17] 120.9 31.2
Helsinki  Finland Northern Europe 90.8 (2015)[13] 77.1 58
Hiroshima  Japan East Asia 74.9
Ho Chi Minh City  Vietnam South-East Asia 71.1 58
Hong Kong  Hong Kong East Asia 373 (2019)[28] 416.0 320 224.5 258.0[29]
Honolulu  United States North America 69.252 (2018)[12] 58.6
Houston  United States North America 478.778 (2018)[12] 483.2 297 341.1 316.3[15]
Hsinchu  Taiwan East Asia 38.4
Huhehaote  China East Asia 70.1
Huntsville  United States North America 27.558 (2018)[12]
Hyderabad  India South Asia 75.2 [11] 59
Indianapolis  United States North America 140.762 (2018)[12] 113.606
Islamabad  Pakistan South Asia 18.7 18 28.2
Istanbul  Turkey Western Asia 348.7 182 188.2
Izmir  Turkey Western Asia 80.1 42
Jacksonville  United States North America 83.186 (2018)[12] 63.8
Jakarta  Indonesia South-East Asia 200.9[30] 321.3 611.2 186.0 176.7
Jammu  India South Asia 1
Jeddah  Saudi Arabia Western Asia 160.6 72 75.9
Jerusalem  Israel Western Asia 48.0 (2015)[31]
Jinan  China East Asia 106.7 (2017)[17] 136.8 43.2
Johannesburg  South Africa Africa 82.9 110
Jundiaí  Brazil South America 20.081 (2011)[14]
Kabul  Afghanistan South Asia 6
Kagoshima  Japan East Asia 34.3
Kano  Nigeria Africa 9
Kansas City  United States North America 132.703 (2018)[12] 105.9 91.2[15]
Kaohsiung  Taiwan East Asia 113.647 78 28
Karachi  Pakistan South Asia 144 (2017) 78 238.36
Karlsruhe  Germany Western Europe 37.6 (2015)[13] 137.1
Katowice  Poland Central Europe 37.9 (2015)[13] 122.3 136.2[32]
Kaunas  Lithuania Northern Europe 10.0 (2016)[33]
Khartoum  Sudan Africa 35
Kiev  Ukraine Eastern Europe 30.4 (2018)[34]
Kingston-upon-Hull  United Kingdom Northern Europe 17.7 (2016)[13]
Kinshasa  DR Congo Africa 17
Klaipėda  Lithuania Northern Europe 6.0 (2016)[35]
Knoxville  United States North America 43.307 (2018)[12] 38.3
Kolkata  India South Asia 150[36] 104
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia South-East Asia 171.8
Kumamoto  Japan East Asia 41.8
Kunming  China East Asia 72.0 (2017)[17] 88.6
Kuwait City  Kuwait Western Asia 166.5 117.5
Lagos  Nigeria Africa 74.67 (2010)[37] 35
Lahore  Pakistan South Asia 58.14 (2015)[38][39] 40 129.5
Las Vegas  United States North America 122.423 (2018)[12] 93.9
Leeds  United Kingdom Northern Europe 44.8 (2016)[13] 74.6[Note 4] 60
Leicester  United Kingdom Northern Europe 46.8 (2016)[13] 28.7[40]
Leipzig-Halle  Germany Western Europe 33.4 (2015)[13] 39.6
Lille  France Western Europe 83.3 (2015)[13] 98.5 33
Lima  Peru South America 176.5 109 77.3
Linz  Austria Central Europe 37.9 (2015)[13] 44.6
Lisbon  Portugal Southern Europe 72.0 (2015)[13] 96.3 98
Little Rock  United States North America 38.252 (2018)[12] 40.7
Liverpool  United Kingdom Northern Europe 47.8 (2016)[13] 65.8
London  United Kingdom Northern Europe 633.9 (2018)[41] 835.7 565 751.8
Los Angeles  United States North America 1,294 (2018)[42][43][44] 860.5 792 731.8 632.4[15]
Louisville  United States North America 72.093 (2018)[12] 62.397
Luanda  Angola Africa 33 38.6
Lucknow  India South Asia 25 [45] 22
Ludhiana  India South Asia 15
Luxembourg-Trier  Luxembourg Germany Western Europe 62 (2014)[46] 62
Luton  United Kingdom Northern Europe 7.2[47]
Lyon  France Western Europe 88.2 (2016)[13] 97.0 69 197[48]
Macau  Macau East Asia 53.7 (2018)[49] 53.9
Madison  United States North America 51.481 (2018)[12] 41.8
Madrid  Spain Southern Europe 248.56 (2017)[13] 262.3 230
Makassar  Indonesia South East Asia 37.7 10.9
Manaus  Brazil South America 51.025 (2011)[14]
Manchester  United Kingdom Northern Europe 113.7 (2016)[13] 92.3 85
Manila  Philippines South-East Asia 108.36 (2016) 182.8 149
Marseille  France Western Europe 104.1 (2015)[13] 60.3
Medellín  Colombia South America 43.5 50
Medan  Indonesia South-East Asia 52.4[50] 50.0 15.1[51]
Melbourne  Australia Oceania 229.2 (2015–16)[52] 178.4 172 221.4
Memphis  United States North America 76.749 (2018)[12] 65.0
Mexico City  Mexico North America 266 403.6 390 255.1
Miami  United States North America 354.740 (2018)[12] 262.7 292 235.9 231.8[15]
Milan  Italy Southern Europe 312.1 136 375.6
Milwaukee  United States North America 103.731 (2018)[12] 86.5
Minneapolis/St. Paul  United States North America 263.690 (2018)[12] 211.4 194 171.6[15]
Minsk  Belarus Eastern Europe 16.1 (2018)[53]
Monterrey  Mexico North America 122.9 102
Montevideo  Uruguay South America 31 49.7 (2020)[54][Note 5]
Montreal  Canada North America 155.9 148
Moscow  Russia Eastern Europe 225.0 (2015)[55] 553.3 321 325.8
Multan  Pakistan South Asia 17.425 (2016) 24.15
Mumbai  India South Asia 368[11] 209 55.9
Munich  Germany Western Europe 190.0 (2016)[13] 219.9 64
Nagoya  Japan East Asia 368 (2013)[56] 363.8 256.3[57]
Nagpur  India South Asia 15.1[58]
Nairobi  Kenya Africa 12
Nanchang  China East Asia 74.1 (2017)[17] 96.0
Nanjing  China East Asia 173.5 (2017) 202.7 68.5
Nanning  China East Asia 61.0 (2017)[17] 70.3
Nantes  France Western Europe 51.0 (2016)[13] 32.0
Nantong  China East Asia 114.6 (2017)[17] 128.3
Naples  Italy Southern Europe 62.8 (2015)[13] 85.5 51
Nashville  United States North America 132.202 (2018)[12] 95.0
New Haven  United States North America 53.613 (2018)[12] 53.3
New Orleans  United States North America 80.287 (2018)[12] 74.2
New York  United States North America 1,732 (2019)[59] 1,403 1,406 1,180.3 1,056.4[15]
Newcastle  United Kingdom Northern Europe 36.0 (2016)[13] 44.6
Nice  France Western Europe 36.1 (2015)[13] 46.0
Niigata  Japan East Asia 50.3
Ningbo  China East Asia 145.8 (2017)[17] 179.0 45.0
Noida  India South Asia
Nottingham-Derby  United Kingdom Northern Europe 51.0
Nürnberg-Fürth  Germany Western Europe 164.6 (2014)[60] 74.5
Okayama  Japan East Asia 56.8
Oklahoma City  United States North America 81.016 (2018)[12] 70.010
Omaha  United States North America 62.760 (2018)[12] 51.2
Orlando  United States North America 138.947 (2018)[12] 116.2
Osaka–Kobe  Japan East Asia 681 (2015) 671.3[Note 6] 417 612.8[61]
Oslo  Norway Northern Europe 74.0 (2014)[62] 74.4 40
Ottawa  Canada North America 58.2
Oxnard  United States North America 59.631 (2018)[12] 46.3
Palembang  Indonesia South East Asia 33.5 9.7
Paris  France Western Europe 866 (2018)[63] 715.1 564 764.2
Patna  India South Asia
Perth  Australia Oceania 112.2 (2015–16)[64] 134.0
Philadelphia  United States North America 444.148 (2018)[12] 346.5 388 314.5 295.2[15]
Phoenix  United States North America 255.211 (2018)[12] 207.1 200 181.6 160[15]
Pittsburgh  United States North America 152.840 (2018)[12] 138.4 99 102.1[15]
Portland  United States North America 164.419 (2018)[12] 158.5 110 95.6[15]
Porto  Portugal Southern Europe 31.3 (2015)[13] 43.0
Porto Alegre  Brazil South America 45.506 (2011)[14] 62.1 66
Portsmouth  United Kingdom Northern Europe 25.9 (2016)[13] 51.6[Note 7]
Prague  Czech Republic Central Europe 64 (2018)[65] 89.2 49
Pretoria  South Africa Africa 49.9
Providence  United States North America 87.414 (2018)[12] 78.114
Puebla  Mexico North America 38.1 42
Pune  India South Asia 69[11] 78 49
Pyongyang  North Korea East Asia 11
Qingdao  China East Asia 163.5 (2017)[17] 208.7 48.1
Quebec City  Canada North America 33.4
Raleigh  United States North America 83.665 (2018)[12] 64.4
Rangoon  Myanmar South-East Asia 24
Recife  Brazil South America 36.448 (2011)[14] 40.5 35
Rhine-Ruhr  Germany Western Europe 350.30 (2014)[60] 485.2 39[Note 8] 484.6
Richmond  United States North America 85.792 (2018)[12] 71.589
Riga  Latvia Northern Europe 16.0 (2014)[66]
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil South America 209.366 (2011)[14] 176.6 201 180.9
Riverside–San Bernardino  United States North America 187.109 (2018)[12] 154.904
Riyadh  Saudi Arabia Western Asia 163.5 107 122.7
Rochester  United States North America 63.870 (2018)[12] 67.8
Rome  Italy Southern Europe 166.8 (2015)[13] 163.2 144
Rotterdam  Netherlands Western Europe 69.0 (2015)[13] 320.6[Note 9] 46
Saarbrucken  Germany Western Europe 41.7
Sacramento  United States North America 145.479 (2018)[12] 127.4
Salt Lake City  United States North America 94.306 (2018)[12] 73.836
St. Louis  United States North America 169.839 (2018)[12] 140.6 126 116.2[15]
Saint Petersburg  Russia Eastern Europe 63[55] 119.6 91
Salvador  Brazil South America 38.819 (2011)[14] 38.5 10
San Antonio  United States North America 133.633 (2018)[12] 102.771 146.3[15]
San Diego  United States North America 245.138 (2018)[12] 202.5 191 172.9 146.3[15]
San Francisco  United States North America 548.613 (2018)[12] 331.0 301 283.3 268.3[15]
San Jose  United States North America 331.020 (2018)[12] 160.3
San Juan  Puerto Rico Caribbean 42.7
Santiago  Chile South America 171.4 120 93.0
Santos  Brazil South America 28.609 (2011)[14]
São José dos Campos  Brazil South America 30.148 (2011)[14]
São José dos Pinhais  Brazil South America 14.726 (2011)[14]
São Paulo  Brazil South America 408.938 (2013)[14][67] 430.5 388 437.3
Sapporo  Japan East Asia 80.5
Seattle  United States North America 392.036 (2018)[12] 267.5 235 211.0 182.2[15]
Semarang  Indonesia South East Asia 41.1 11.8
Sendai  Japan East Asia 75.3
Seoul  South Korea East Asia 894.9 (2018)[68] 845.9 291 233.3
Seville  Spain Southern Europe 44.665 (2018)[13] 35.8
Shanghai  China East Asia 469 (2017)[69] 594.0 233 250.7 200.0[70]
Shantou  China East Asia 34.8 (2017)[69] 38.7
Sheffield  United Kingdom Northern Europe 17.4 (2016)[13] 39.8
Shenyang  China East Asia 86.9 (2017)[69] 189.3 44 64.3
Shenzhen  China East Asia 338 (2017)[71] 363.2 141.5
Shijiazhuang  China East Asia 95.7 (2017)[69] 130.5
Shillong  India South Asia
Shimla  India South Asia
Shizuoka  Japan East Asia 58.4
Singapore  Singapore South-East Asia 349.5 (2018)[72][73] 365.9 215 222.7 267.9[74]
Sofia  Bulgaria Southern Europe 24.0 (2016)[13] 43.8
Sorocaba  Brazil South America 21.313 (2011)[14]
Southampton  United Kingdom Northern Europe 9.6 (2016)[13] 51.6[Note 10]
Springfield  United States North America 34.706 (2018)[12] 32.8
Stockholm  Sweden Northern Europe 180[75] 143.0 70 208[75]
Strasbourg  France Western Europe 37.3
Stuttgart  Germany Western Europe 173.5 (2016)[13] 157.8
Surabaya  Indonesia South-East Asia 128.2 [76] 130 102 (2016)[77]
Suwon  South Korea East Asia 296.5 121
Suzhou  China East Asia 256.5 (2017)[17] 339.0 52.7
Sydney  Australia Oceania 302.7 (2015–16)[78] 223.4 213 268.9
Syracuse  United States North America 41.356 (2018)[12] 40.6
Taichung  Taiwan East Asia 114.7
Tainan  Taiwan East Asia 76.7
Taipei  Taiwan East Asia 327.3 160.3 172.5[79]
Taiyuan  China East Asia 63.0
Tallinn  Estonia Northern Europe 20 (2018)[80]
Tampa  United States North America 159.002 (2018)[12] 130.3 123 101[15]
Tangerang  Indonesia South East Asia 38.6 11.2
Tangshan  China East Asia 105.3 (2017)[69] 162.3 33.6
Taoyuan  Taiwan East Asia 86.8
Tbilisi  Georgia Eastern Europe 8.0 (2017)[81]
Tehran  Iran South Asia 127
Tel Aviv  Israel Western Asia 153.3 122 114.8
Thessaloniki  Greece Southern Europe 19.8 (2011)[82]
Tianjin  China East Asia 204 (2019)[18] 372.0 74 128.8
Tokyo  Japan East Asia 1,893 (2015)[83] 1,617 1,479 1,874.7 1,997.5[84]
1,797.9[85]
Toronto  Canada North America 334 (2014)[86] 276.3 253 270.0
Toulouse  France Western Europe 58.7 (2015)[13] 47.4
Tucson  United States North America 44.876 (2018)[12] 41.2
Tulsa  United States North America 57.232 (2018)[12] 48.6 46.4[87]
Turin  Italy Southern Europe 76.9 (2015)[13] 78.8 68
Uberlandia  Brazil South America 14.728 (2011)[14]
Ulsan  South Korea East Asia 67.9 (2017)[12] 296.5 121
Valencia  Spain Southern Europe 60.274 (2016)[13] 52.7
Vancouver  Canada North America 109.8 95
Venice-Padua  Italy Southern Europe 62.2 (2015)[13] 57.3
Vienna  Austria Central Europe 131.9 (2015)[13] 183.7[Note 11] 122
Vilnius  Lithuania Northern Europe 20.0 (2016)[35]
Virginia Beach  United States North America 100.976 (2018)[12] 92.1
Visakhapatnam  India South Asia 43.5[11] 6
Vitória  Brazil South America 28.357 (2011)[14] 35.6
Warsaw  Poland Central Europe 100 (2017)[88] 141.1 68 164.0[32]
Washington, D.C.  United States North America 540.684 (2018)[12] 442.2 375 392.2
Wenzhou  China East Asia 80.8 (2017)[17] 101.9
Winnipeg  Canada North America 32.5
Worcester  United States North America 50.934 (2018)[12] 44.7
Wuhan  China East Asia 198.6 (2017)[17] 231.6 52 82.2
Wulumuqi  China East Asia 59.6
Wuxi  China East Asia 155.7 (2017)[17] 211.5 47.0
Xiamen  China East Asia 64.4 (2017)[17] 76.1 30.4
Xian  China East Asia 110.6 (2017)[17] 124.2 31 40.6
Xuzhou  China East Asia 97.8 (2017)[17] 113.2 22.4
Yantai  China East Asia 108.7 (2017)[17] 149.0
Yerevan  Armenia Eastern Europe 5.23 (2018)[89] 5.23 5.23 5.23 5.23
Zhengzhou  China East Asia 135.3 (2017)[17] 156.0
Zhongshan  China East Asia 51.1 (2017)[17] 68.7
Zhuhai  China East Asia 38.0 (2017)[17] 41.3
Zibo  China East Asia 70.8 (2017)[17] 100.3
Zürich   Switzerland Western Europe 109.1 52
Notes
  1. This includes Rotterdam.
  2. This includes Malmö.
  3. This includes only Fukuoka.
  4. This includes Bradford.
  5. Projection for 2020 based on $33bn in 2010 and $61bn for 2025. ((($61/$33)^(1/15))^10)*$33= $49,703.984 million.
  6. This includes Kyoto.
  7. This includes Southampton.
  8. This includes only Cologne and Bonn in the PwC study.
  9. This includes Amsterdam.
  10. This includes Portsmouth.
  11. This includes Bratislava.
GDP of the ten largest metropolitan economies in the OECD, 2001-2018.[1][2]

See also

References
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