Zhangzhou dialect

Zhangzhou dialect
漳州話 / 漳州话 (Chiang-chiu-ōa)
Pronunciation	[tsiaŋ˨˨ tsiu˨˨ ua˨˨]
Native to	China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines.
Region	city of Zhangzhou, southern Fujian province
Native speakers	Over 4 million
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Sinitic Min Coastal Min Southern Min Hokkien Zhangzhou dialect
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	fuji1236
Linguasphere	79-AAA-jed
Zhangzhou dialect

The Zhangzhou dialect (simplified Chinese: 漳州话; traditional Chinese: 漳州話; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiang-chiu-ōa), also known as Changchew dialect^[1] or Changchow dialect,^[2] is a dialect of Hokkien spoken in southern Fujian province (in southeast China), centered on the city of Zhangzhou. It is the source of some former place names in English, including Amoy (from [ɛ˨˩ mui˩˧], now called Xiamen) and Quemoy (from [kim˨˨ mui˩˧], now called Kinmen).

Classification

The Zhangzhou dialect is a variety of Hokkien, a group of Southern Min dialects.^[3] In Fujian, the Zhangzhou dialect forms the southern subgroup (南片) of Southern Min.^[4] It is one of the oldest dialects of Southern Min, and along the Quanzhou dialect, it forms the basis for all modern varieties.^[5] When compared with other varieties of Hokkien, it has an intelligibility of 89.0% with the Amoy dialect and 79.7% with the Quanzhou dialect.^[6]

Phonology

This section is mostly based on the variety spoken in the urban area.

Notes

References

• Cheng, Chin-Chuan (1999). "Quantitative Studies in Min Dialects". In Ting, Pang-Hsin. Contemporary Studies in Min Dialects. Journal of Chinese Linguistics Monograph Series. 14. pp. 229–246. JSTOR 23833469.
• Ding, Picus Sizhi (2016). Southern Min (Hokkien) as a Migrating Language: A Comparative Study of Language Shift and Maintenance Across National Borders. Singapore: Springer. ISBN 978-981-287-594-5.
• Douglas, Rev. Carstairs (1873). Chinese-English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, with the Principal Variations of the Chang-chew and Chin-chew dialects. London: Trübner & Co.
• Gao, Ran (2001). 漳州方言音系略说 [A Note on the Phonology of the Zhangzhou Dialect]. In Minnan Fangyan Research Laboratory, Research Institute of Minnan Culture, Zhangzhou Normal University. 闽南方言·漳州话研究 [Min Nan Fangyan: Research on the Zhangzhou Dialect]. Beijing: 中国文联出版社. pp. 109–116.CS1 maint: Multiple names: editors list (link)
• Hirayama, Hisao (1975). 厦门话古调值的内部构拟 [Internal Reconstruction of the Ancient Tone Values of the Xiamen Dialect]. Journal of Chinese Linguistics (in Chinese). 3 (1): 3–15. JSTOR 23749860.
• Huang, Diancheng, ed. (1998). 福建省志·方言志 (in Chinese). Beijing: 方言出版社. ISBN 7-80122-279-2.
• Lin, Baoqing (1992). 漳州方言词汇（一） [Vocabulary of the Zhangzhou Dialect (1)]. Fangyan (in Chinese) (2): 151–160.
• Ma, Zhongqi, ed. (2008). 闽台闽南方言韵书比较研究 (in Chinese). Beijing: China Social Sciences Press. ISBN 978-7-5004-7230-8.
• Phillips, George (1877). "Zaitun Researches: Part V". The Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal. 8 (2): 117–124.
• Tung, Tung-ho (1959). 四個閩南方言 [Four South Min Dialects]. Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology. 30: 729–1042.
• Yang, Xiu-ming (2014). 漳州方言阴平调的调形特点与历史演变 [Traits of Yin-ping Tone of Zhangzhou Dialect and the Historical Evolution]. Journal of Minnan Normal University (Philosophy & Social Sciences) (in Chinese) (3): 45–52. doi:10.16007/j.cnki.issn2095-7114.2014.03.042.
• Zhangzhou City Local Chronicles Editorial Board, ed. (1999). Zhangzhou Shizhi 漳州市志 [Zhangzhou Annals] (in Chinese). Volume 49: 方言. Beijing: China Social Sciences Press. ISBN 978-7-5004-2625-7.
• Zhou, Changji (2012). B1—15、16 闽语. 中国语言地图集 [Language Atlas of China] (in Chinese). 汉语方言卷 (2nd ed.). Beijing: Commercial Press. pp. 110–115. ISBN 978-7-100-07054-6.