Chittoor district

Chittoor district
District
Country India
State Andhra Pradesh
Region Rayalaseema
Government
 • Collector P.S.Pradyumna IAS
Population (2011)
 • Total 4,170,468[1]
Languages
 • Official Telugu
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
ISO 3166 code ISO 3166-2:IN
Vehicle registration AP-03
Headquarters Chittoor
Sex ratio M-50%/F-40% ♂/♀
Literacy 72.96%
Lok Sabha seats 2
Vidhan Sabha seats 14
Website http://www.chittoor.ap.gov.in/
Chittor district is a part of Rayalaseema region (highlighted in blue) in Andhra Pradesh
Archaean rocks formations of Tirumala Hills make a look alike shape of Garuda

Chittoor district ( pronunciation ), is a district in Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located at Chittoor. It has a population of 4,170,468 according to 2011 census of India.[2] Chittoor district has many major temples including Tirupati and Kanipakam and other temples. It lies in the Poini river valley of southernmost Andhra Pradesh along the Chennai – Bangalore section Chennai-Mumbai highway. It is a major market centre for mangoes, grains, sugarcane, and peanuts.Sricity integrated business city lies in Satyavedu mandal acts as a major industrial hub for chittoor district as well as Andhra Pradesh as a whole.

Etymology

The district derived its name from its headquarters Chittoor.[3]

History

Chittoor District was formed on 1 April 1911, taking Chittoor, Palamaneru, Chandragiri from the then North Arcot District of Madras State and Madanapalli, Vayalpadu from Kadapa and Punganur, Sri Kalahasti, Karvetinagar from Zamindari tahsils of the Chittoor district to form united Chittoor district. In 1960, 319 villages in Chittoor district were added into the then Kanchipuram district and Thiruvallur districts of Tamil Nadu through the demands of Ma. Po. Si. and other leaders.

Chandragiri, a suburban area of Tirupati served as fourth capital of Vijayanagar empire.

Geography

Districts of Andhra Pradesh

Chittoor is a part of Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh.[4] The district occupies an area of 15,359 square kilometres (5,930 sq mi).[5][6] The district is bounded by Anantapur District to the northwest, Kadapa District to the north, Nellore District to the northeast, Krishnagiri District, Vellore District and Tiruvallur District of Tamil Nadu state to the south, and Kolar District of Karnataka state to the west. Chittoor district lies extreme south of the Andhra Pradesh state approximately between 12°37′ - 14°8′ north latitudes and 78°3′ - 79°55′ east longitudes. Thirty percent of the total land area is covered by forests in the district.[7] Mango and tamarind groves surround the city of Chittoor, and cattle are raised in the district. The soils in the district constitute red loamy 57%, red sandy 34% and the remaining 9% is covered by black clay black loamy, black sandy and red clay[7] Chittoor is 160 km from Chennai, 180 km from Bangalore and 590 km from Hyderabad.

Hydrology

The important rivers in the district are Ponnai and Swarnamukhi rivers which originate in eastern ghats. Other rivers include Kusasthali, Beema, Bahuda, Pincha, Kalyani, Araniyar and Pedderu. None of the rivers are perennial. Main rivers include Swarnamukhi, Kalangi, Papaghni, Koundinya, Paleru, Arani, Pinchcha, Cheyyeru, Neeva and Kusasthali

Climate

The temperature in the western parts of the district like Punganur, Madanapalle, Horsley Hills are relatively lower than the eastern parts of the Chittoor District. This is because of the higher altitude of the western parts compared to the eastern parts. The summer temperatures touches 46 °C in the eastern parts whereas in the western parts it ranges around 36° to 38 °C. Similarly the winter temperatures of the western parts are relatively low ranging around 12 °C to 14 °C and in eastern parts it is 16 °C to 18 °C.[8]

Chittoor district receives an annual rainfall of 918.1 mm. The South West Monsoon and North East Monsoon are the major sources of rainfall for the district. On average the district receives 438.0 mm of rainfall through the South West Monsoon (From June to September) and 396.0 mm from North East Monsoon (From October to December). The rainfall received by the district in the years 2002 and 2003 are 984.2 mm and 934 mm respectively.[9]

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Chittoor district has a population of 4,170,468.[10][11][12] This gives it a ranking of 47th in India (out of a total of 640)and 6th in its state.[10] The district has a population density of 275 inhabitants per square kilometre (710/sq mi) .[10] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 11.33%.[10] Chittoor has a sex ratio of 1002 females for every 1000 males,[10] and a literacy rate of 72.36%.[10]

In 2007–2008 the International Institute for Population Sciences interviewed 1010 households in 38 villages across the district.[13] They found that 92.7% had access to electricity, 99.6% had drinking water, 33.3% toilet facilities, and 53.8% lived in a pucca (permanent) home.[13] 29.3% of girls wed before the legal age of 18[14] and 88.2% of interviewees carried a BPL card.[13]

Telugu is the official and spoken language.

Divisions

Chittoor district mandals outline map
Revenue divisions map of Chittoor district

The district is divided into 3 revenue divisions viz., Chittoor, Tirupati and Madanapalle.[15] Each revenue division is divided into mandals. The district has 66 mandals under these 3 revenue divisions.[16] There are 2 Municipal Corporations of Chittoor and Tirupati and 6 municipalities of Madanapalle, Punganur, Palamaner, Nagari, Srikalahasti and Puttur in the district.[17]

NoChittoor DivisionMadanapalle DivisionTirupati Division
1BangarupalemB.KothakotaBuchinaidu khandriga
2ChittoorBaireddipalleChandragiri
3Gangadhara NelloreChinnagottigalluKVB Puram
4GudipalaChowdepalleNagalapuram
5IralaYerravaripalemPakala
6KarvetinagarGangavaramPitchatur
7NagariGudupallePulicherla
8NarayanavanamGurramkondaRenigunta
9NindraKalakadaSathyavedu
10PalasamudramKalikiriSrikalahasti
11PenumuruKambhamvaripalleThottambedu
12PuthalapattuKuppamTirupati (rural)
13PutturKurabalakotaTirupati (urban)
14RamachandrapuramMadanapalleVaradaiahpalem
15SrirangarajapuramMulakalacheruvuYerpedu
16ThavanampalleNimmanapalli
17Vadamalapetapalamaner
18VedurukuppamPeddamandyam
19VijayapuramPeddapanjani
20YadamariPeddathippasamudram
21Piler
22Punganur
23Ramakuppam
24Ramasamudram
25Rompicherla
26Sadam
27Santhipuram
28Somala
29Thamballapalle
30Valmikipuram
31Venkatagirikota

Politics

There are 14 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly MLA constituencies in Chittoor district.[18]

Economy

Agriculture near Chittor

The Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) of the district is ₹34,742 crore (US$4.8 billion) and it contributes 6.6% to the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP). For the FY 2013-14, the per capita income at current prices was ₹64,671 (US$900). The primary, secondary and tertiary sectors of the district contribute ₹8,226 crore (US$1.1 billion), and ₹18,849 crore (US$2.6 billion) respectively.[19] The major products contributing to the GVA of the district from agriculture and allied services are, sugarcane, groundnut, tomato, mango, milk, meat and fisheries. The GVA to the industrial and service sector is contributed from construction, electricity, manufacturing, education and ownership of dwellings.[19]

In 2006 the Indian government named Chittoor one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[20] It is one of the thirteen districts in Andhra Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[20]

Notable people

Transport

The district has road connectivity by means of national and state highways. The main part of the National Highways runs through Chittoor City National Highway 69 and National Highway 40 that connects the main metro cities of South India from Bangalore to Chennai. National Highway 71 connecting Madanapalle and Nayudupeta; NH 716 connecting Chennai in Tamil Nadu passes through the district.[21] The total core road network of the district is 1,102.545 km (685.090 mi). It includes, 448.665 km (278.788 mi) of existing and a proposed length of 653.880 km (406.302 mi).[22]

Education

The primary and secondary school education is imparted by government, aided and private schools, under the School Education Department of the state.[23][24] As per the school information report for the academic year 2015–16, there are a total of 6,100 schools. They include, 45 government, 4,507 mandal and zilla parishads, 2 residential, 1,268 private, 17 model, 20 Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV), 158 municipal and 84 other types of schools.[25] The total number of students enrolled in primary, upper primary and high schools of the district are 562,504.[26] Chittoor district is home to the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL) of the Department of Space. The lab is involved in carrying out fundamental and applied research in Atmospheric and Space Sciences.

Temples

There are forty-three temples under the management of Endowments Department[27].

Trust controlled Temples
S.no TempleMandalVillage
1 Sri Anjaneya Swamy TempleB KothakotaB.Kothakota
2 Sri Gramadevatha TempleB KothakotaB.Kothakota
3 Sri Chennakesava Swamy TempleB KothakotaB.Kothakota
4 Sri Kanumalo Gangamma TempleMadanapalleBasinikonda
5 Sri Reddamma Devatha TempleGurramkondaCherlopalle
6 Sri Anjaneya Swamy TempleTirupati RuralCherlopalle
7 Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy TempleMadanapalleChinnathippasamudram
8 Sri Agastheeswara Swamy TempleChittoorChittoor
9 Sri Kodanda Rama Swamy TempleChittoorChittoor
10 Sri Saptha Kannikalamma TempleChittoorD.Venganapalle (V)
11 Sri Kasivisweswara Swamy TempleChowdepalleGosulakurapalle
12 Sri Lakshminarasimha Swamy TemplePulicherlaDevalampet
13 Sri Durgamma Devatha TempleChittoorGreamspeta
14 Sri Subramanya Swamy TempleChittoorGreamspeta
15 Sri Kanugondaraya Swamy TempleMulakalacheruvuKadirinathunikota
16 Sri Kaligiri Venkateswara Swamy TemplePenumuruKaligiri
17 Sri Hanumantharaya Swamy TempleTirupati RuralKalur
18 Sri Subramanya Swamy TempleKarvetinagarKarvetinagar
19 Sri Amaranarayana Swamy TempleB KothakotaKotavooru
20 Sri Prasanna Tirupati Gangamma TempleKuppamKuppam (Urban)
21 Sri Prasanna Varadaraja Swamy TempleKuppamLakshmipuram (V)
22 Sri Kodandarama Swamy TempleKurabalakotaKurabalakota
23 Sri Prasanna Venkataramana Swamy TempleMadanapalleMadanapalle (Rural)
24 Sri Someswara Swamy TempleMadanapalleMadanapalle (Rural)
25 Sri Prasannvenkatramana Swamy TemplePulicherlaMangalampeta
26 Sri Subramanyeswara Swamy TemplePakalaUtlavaripalle
27 Sri Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy TemplePeddamandyamPapepalle
28 Sri Subramanya Swamy TempleGudi PallePeddagollapalle
29 Sri Kalyana Venkataramana Swamy TemplePunganurPunganuru (Rural)
30 Sri Manikya Varadaraja Swamy TemplePunganurPunganuru (Rural)
31 Sri Aretamma Devatha TemplePutturPutturu
32 Sri Drowpathi Sametha Dharmaraja Swamy TemplePutturPutturu
33 Sri Sadasiveswara Swamy TemplePutturPutturu
34 Sri Kodandarama Swamy TemplePichaturRajanagaram
35 Sri Anjaneya Swamy TempleReniguntaAnjaneyapuram
36 Sri Mallikarjuna Swamy TempleThamballapalleThamballapalle
37 Sri Nela Malleswara Swamy TempleNimmanapalleThavalam
38 Sri Muthyalamma Devatha TempleChittoorThenebanda
39 Sri Tallapaka Gangamma TempleTirupati UrbanTirupathi
40 Sri Tataiahgunta Gangamma DevasthanamTirupati UrbanTirupathi
41 Sri Vesalamma TempleTirupati UrbanTirupathi
42 Sri Kamaksthi Sametha Sri Sadasiveswara Swamy TempleVadamalapetaSadasivakona (V)
43 Sri Dharmaraja Swamy Temple Yerpedu Papanaodupeta

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Chittoor district profile". Andhra Pradesh State Portal. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014.
  2. ↑ "Census of India 2011" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in.
  3. ↑ Biju, [editor], M.R. (2009). Democratic political process. New Delhi, India: Mittal Publications. p. 235. ISBN 978-81-8324-237-0. Retrieved 17 November 2015.
  4. ↑ "The District Of Seven Hills – Tirumala". Archived from the original on 21 June 2012.
  5. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Andhra Pradesh: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1111–1112. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
  6. ↑ "Island Directory Tables: Islands by Land Area". United Nations Environment Program. 18 February 1998. Retrieved 11 October 2011. Nordaustlandet 14,467
  7. 1 2 "National Informatics Center, Chittoor". Chittoor.nic.in. 28 June 2005. Archived from the original on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  8. ↑ "Chittoor district". Atmachittoor.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  9. ↑ "Irrigation". Irrigation.cgg.gov.in. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  11. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Lebanon 4,143,101 July 2011 est.
  12. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Kentucky 4,339,367
  13. 1 2 3 "District Level Household and Facility Survey (DLHS-3), 2007-08: India. Andhra Pradesh" (PDF). International Institute for Population Sciences and Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. 2010. Retrieved 3 October 2011.
  14. ↑ "How Do I? : Obtain Marriage Certificate". National Portal Content Management Team, National Informatics Centre. 2005. Retrieved 3 October 2011. To be eligible for marriage, the minimum age limit is 21 for males and 18 for females.
  15. ↑ "Industrial Profile – Chittoor District" (PDF). Commissionerate of Industries – Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 4. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  16. ↑ "Mandals in Chittoor district". AP State Portal. Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 24 May 2014.
  17. ↑ "District Census Handbook – Chittoor" (PDF). Census of India. p. 19,21,58. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
  18. ↑ "District-wise Assembly-Constituencies in Andhra Pradesh". Ceoandhra.nic.in. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  19. 1 2 "Economy of Chittoor District". Andhra Pradesh Economic Development Board. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  20. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  21. ↑ "List of National Highways passing through A.P. State". Roads and Buildings Department. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  22. ↑ ":: APRDC ::". Andhra Pradesh Road Development Corporation. Roads and Buildings Department. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
  23. ↑ "School Education Department" (PDF). School Education Department, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 December 2015. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  24. ↑ "The Department of School Education – Official AP State Government Portal". www.ap.gov.in. Archived from the original on 7 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  25. ↑ "School Information Report". Commissionerate of School Education. Government of Andhra Pradesh. Archived from the original on 8 November 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
  26. ↑ "Student Information Report". Commissionerate of School Education. Child info 2015–16, District School Education – Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
  27. ↑ "Trust Boards Abstract". AP Temples Portal, Government of Andhra Pradesh. Retrieved 24 July 2018.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.