折

See also: 摺
折 U+6298, 折
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6298
← 抗
[U+6297] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 抙 →
[U+6299]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

折 (radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手竹一中 (QHML), four-corner 52021, composition ⿰扌斤)

References
  • KangXi: page 422, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11890
  • Dae Jaweon: page 770, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1838, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6298

Chinese

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 折
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (折) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
晢 *ʔljeds, *ʔljed
狾 *ʔljeds
誓 *ɦljeds
逝 *ɦljeds
銴 *ɢljeds, *ɢʷleds
折 *l'eːl, *ʔljed, *ɦljed
娎 *hleːws, *qʰred
哳 *ʔr'eːd
踅 *sɢʷled
哲 *ʔl'ed
蜇 *ʔl'ed
悊 *ʔl'ed
嚞 *ted
喆 *ted
硩 *l̥ʰed, *l̥ʰeːɡ
浙 *ʔljed
晣 *ʔljed
焎 *hred

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 折

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsjat (“to cut off; to sever; to break”).

Pronunciation 1
Note:
  • chi̍h, chek - vernacular;
  • chiat - literary.
Rime
Character 折
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 薛 (81)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 旨熱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕiᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕjæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ciat̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiɛt̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhe
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 折
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhé
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tet/
English bend; break (v.t.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 折
Reading # 2/3
No. 16947
Phonetic
component		 折
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 晢
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔljed/
Definitions

折

  1. to break off; to snap; to pluck off
  2. to bend
  3. to lose
  4. to die (young)
  5. to admire; to be convinced
  6. to trade; to exchange
  7. to censure; to blame
  8. discount
    打九折  ―  dǎ jiǔ zhé  ―  ten percent off (or discount to ninety percent of the original price)
  9. difficulty; obstacle
  10. Classifier for folds.
  11. Classifier for theatrical scenes.
  12. (Chinese calligraphy) a change in direction of a stroke (such as in ㇕, ㇉, or ㇜)
  13. A surname​.
Coordinate terms
Compounds
Derived terms from 折

Pronunciation 2
Definitions

折

  1. to turn over; to flip
  2. to pour out; to tip something out
Compounds
  • 折碗
  • 折籮／折箩
  • 折莫

Pronunciation 3
Rime
Character 折
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 薛 (81)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 常列切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /d͡ʑiᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /d͡ʑiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /d͡ʑjæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /d͡ʑiat̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʑiɛt̚/
Wang
Li		 /ʑĭɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʑi̯ɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shé
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 折
Reading # 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 shé
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ dzyet ›
Old
Chinese		 /*N-tet/
English bend (v.i.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 折
Reading # 3/3
No. 16951
Phonetic
component		 折
Rime
group		 月
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 折
Old
Chinese		 /*ɦljed/
Definitions

折

  1. to break
  2. to be at a (financial) loss
Compounds
  • 掂梢折本
  • 東量西折／东量西折
  • 消折

Pronunciation 4
Rime
Character 折
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 杜奚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /dei/
Pan
Wuyun		 /dei/
Shao
Rongfen		 /dɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /dɛj/
Li
Rong		 /dei/
Wang
Li		 /diei/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /dʱiei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 tí
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 折
Reading # 1/3
No. 16937
Phonetic
component		 折
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 嗁
Old
Chinese		 /*l'eːl/

Definitions

折

  1. Only used in 折折.

Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 折 – see 摺 (“to destroy; to fold; etc.”).
(This character, 折, is the simplified form of 摺.)
Notes:

Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 折 – see 翼 (“wing; fin; etc.”).
(This character, 折, is a variant form of 翼.)

Japanese

Kanji
折

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. fold

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

折 • (jeol, je) (hangeul 절, 제, revised jeol, je, McCune–Reischauer chŏl, che, Yale cel, cey)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

折: Hán Việt readings: chiết (之(chi)列(liệt)切(thiết))[1][2][3], triếp[3], triệp[3]
折: Nôm readings: chết[1][2][3][4][5], giết[1][2][3][4][5], chẹt[2][3][4][5], chiết[1][2][5], chét[1][3], xít[1][4], chệch[3][4], chịt[3][4], nhét[3][4], nhít[3][4], siết[3][4], xiết[3][4], chích[1], chít[3], dít[3], gãy[3], gẩy[3], giẹp[3], quạt[3], trét[3]

  1. Nôm form of chết (“to die”).
  2. Nôm form of giết (“to kill; to murder”).

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Hồ (1976).
  5. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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