翼

翼 U+7FFC, 翼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FFC
← 翻
[U+7FFB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 翽 →
[U+7FFD]

Translingual

Han character

翼 (radical 124, 羽+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 尸一田廿金 (SMWTC), four-corner 17801, composition ⿱羽異)

References
  • KangXi: page 959, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28801
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1406, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3356, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7FFC

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 翼
variant forms ⿱羽一 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (異) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
禩 *ljɯʔ
異 *lɯɡs
潩 *lɯɡs, *lɯɡ
廙 *lɯɡs, *lɯɡ
趩 *l̥ʰɯɡ
瀷 *l̥ʰjɯɡ, *lɯɡ
翼 *lɯɡ
熼 *lɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *lɯɡ) : semantic 羽 + phonetic 異 (OC *lɯɡs).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak ~ C-jak (“hand, arm”). Cognate with 腋 (OC *laːɡ, “armpit”), Tibetan ལག་པ (lag pa, “hand, arm”), Burmese လက် (lak, “hand, arm”)

Pronunciation
Note:
  • sĭk - vernacular;
  • ĭk - literary.
Note:
  • si̍t - vernacular;
  • e̍k/ia̍k - literary.
Note:
  • sig8 - vernacular;
  • êg8 - literary.
Rime
Character 翼
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 職 (134)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 與職切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /jɨk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /jɨk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /iek̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /jik̚/
Li
Rong		 /iək̚/
Wang
Li		 /jĭək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /i̯ək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yì
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 翼
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ yik ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ɢʷrəp/ (dialect: *-p > *-k)
English wing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 翼
Reading # 1/1
No. 15108
Phonetic
component		 異
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 弋
Old
Chinese		 /*lɯɡ/

Definitions

翼

  1. wing
    唯龍無翼者，升則乘雲 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    唯龙无翼者，升则乘云 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: 論衡·道虛篇
    wéi lóng wú yì zhě, shēng zé chéngyún [Pinyin]
    only dragons do not have wings; when they ascend they ride upon the clouds
  2. fin (of a fish)
  3. wing (of an airplane)
  4. (figuratively) wing; flank
    右翼  ―  yòuyì  ―  right-wing (politics); right flank (military)
  5. to assist

Synonyms

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (翼):

Compounds
Derived terms from 翼

Japanese

Kanji
翼

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
翼
つばさ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/tubasa/ → /t͡subasa/

From Old Japanese.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

翼 (hiragana つばさ, rōmaji tsubasa)

  1. a wing (of a bird or bat)
    • 2015 September 19, “輝き銀ぎんの天空船スカイシップ－レオ号ごう [Silvery Skyship – Mk. Leo]”, in EXTRA PACK 2015, Konami:
      輝 (き)銀 (ぎん)の翼 (つばさ)は栄 (えい)光 (こう)の印 (ひるし)。
      その証 (あかし)は言 (こと)葉 (ば)によって語 (かた)られる。
      Kigin no tsubasa wa eikō no hirushi.
      Sono akashi wa kotoba ni yotte katarareru.
      Her silvery wings display her glory.
      The proof of her glories are told in legend.
  2. (by extension) a bird
    Synonyms: 鳥 (tori), 鳥類 (chōrui)
  3. (aviation) an airfoil, wing
  4. (by extension) an aircraft
See also

Proper noun

翼 (hiragana つばさ, rōmaji Tsubasa)

  1. a male or female given name
  2. a surname

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
翼
よく
Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 翼 (MC jɨk̚).

Pronunciation

Noun

翼 (hiragana よく, rōmaji yoku)

  1. a wing (of a bird or insect)
    Synonym: 羽翼 (uyoku)
  2. (aviation) an airfoil
  3. (military) a flank
  4. a blade (of a propeller, turbine, etc.) with the same cross section of an aircraft wing

Counter

翼 (hiragana よく, rōmaji -yoku)

  1. counter for wings of birds
  2. (by extension) counter for birds
  3. counter for boats
    Synonyms: 隻 (seki), 艘 (sō)

Affix

翼 (hiragana よく, rōmaji yoku)

  1. wing (of a bird, insect, aircraft, etc.)
  2. (by extension) something overhanging both left and right, like a wing
  3. assist, help, support

Proper noun

翼 (hiragana よく, rōmaji Yoku)

  1. (Chinese astronomy) the Wings constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions
    Synonym: 襷星 (Tasukiboshi)
  2. a female given name

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
翼
Grade: S
nanori

Nominalization of classical verb 助く (tasuku), modern 助ける (tasukeru, “to assist, help; rescue, save”).

Proper noun

翼 (hiragana たすく, rōmaji Tasuku)

  1. a female given name

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

翼 • (ik) (hangeul 익, McCune–Reischauer ik, Yale ik)

  1. wings
  2. fins (of a fish)
  3. shelter

Old Japanese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

翼 (tubasa) (kana つばさ)

  1. a wing (of a bird)
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 10, poem 2238), text here
      天飛也鴈之翅乃覆羽之何處漏香霜之零異牟
      amato2bu ya kari no2 tubasa no2 opopi1ba no2 iduku morite ka simo no2 purike1mu
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Descendants
  • Japanese: 翼 (tsubasa)

Vietnamese

Han character

翼 (dực)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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