Lithium hexafluorophosphate
 | |
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
lithium hexafluorophosphate | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
|
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.040.289 |
PubChem CID |
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| LiPF6 | |
| Molar mass | 151.905 g/mol |
| Appearance | white powder |
| Density | 1.5 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K) |
| soluble | |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | External MSDS |
| GHS pictograms |  |
| GHS signal word | DANGER |
| H314 | |
| P280, P310, P305+351+338 | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Lithium tetrafluoroborate |
Other cations |
Sodium hexafluorophosphate Potassium hexafluorophosphate Ammonium hexafluorophosphate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
  | |
| Infobox references | |
Lithium hexafluorophosphate is an inorganic compound with the formula LiPF6. It is a white crystalline powder. It is used in commercial secondary batteries, an application that exploits its high solubility in non aqueous, polar solvents. Specifically, solutions of lithium hexafluorophosphate in propylene carbonate and dimethoxyethane serve as an electrolyte in lithium batteries.[1] This application also exploits the inertness of the hexafluorophosphate anion toward strong reducing agents, such as lithium metal.
The salt is relatively stable thermally, but loses 50% weight at 200 °C (392 °F). It hydrolyzes near 70 °C (158 °F)[2] according to the following equation:
- LiPF6 + H2O → HF + PF5 + LiOH
Owing to the Lewis acidity of the Li+ ions, LiPF6 also catalyses the tetrahydropyranylation of tertiary alcohols.[3]
References
- ↑ Goodenough, John B.; Kim, Youngsik (9 February 2010). "Challenges for Rechargeable Li Batteries". Chemistry of Materials. 22 (3): 587–603. doi:10.1021/cm901452z.
- ↑ Xu, Kang (October 2004). "Nonaqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium-Based Rechargeable Batteries". Chemical Reviews. 104 (10): 4303–4418. doi:10.1021/cr030203g. PMID 15669157.
- ↑ Nao Hamada; Sato Tsuneo (2004). "Lithium Hexafluorophosphate-Catalyzed Efficient Tetrahydropyranylation of Tertiary Alcohols under Mild Reaction Conditions". Synlett (10): 1802–1804. doi:10.1055/s-2004-829550.