Platinum hexafluoride

Platinum hexafluoride
Names
IUPAC name
Platinum hexafluoride
Other names
Platinum(VI) fluoride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.816
Properties
PtF6
Molar mass 309.07 g/mol
Appearance dark-red crystals
Density 3.83 g/cm3
Melting point 61.3 °C (142.3 °F; 334.4 K)
Boiling point 69.14 °C (156.45 °F; 342.29 K)
reacts violently
Structure
Orthorhombic, oP28
Pnma, No. 62
octahedral (Oh)
0
Hazards
Main hazards Strong oxidizer
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., waterHealth code 4: Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury. E.g., VX gasReactivity code 3: Capable of detonation or explosive decomposition but requires a strong initiating source, must be heated under confinement before initiation, reacts explosively with water, or will detonate if severely shocked. E.g., fluorineSpecial hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
4
3
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Platinum hexafluoride is the chemical compound with the formula PtF6, and is one of seventeen known binary hexafluorides. It is a dark-red volatile solid that forms a red gas. The compound is a unique example of platinum in the +6 oxidation state. With only four d-electrons, it is paramagnetic with a triplet ground state. PtF6 is a strong oxidant and a strong fluorinating agent. PtF6 is octahedral in both the solid state and in the gaseous state. The Pt-F bond lengths are 185 picometers.[1]

Synthesis

PtF6 was first prepared by reaction of fluorine with platinum metal.[2] This route remains the method of choice.[1]

Pt + 3 F2 → PtF6

PtF6 can also be prepared by disproportionation of the pentafluoride (PtF5), with the tetrafluoride (PtF4) as a byproduct. The required PtF5 can be obtained by fluorinating PtCl2:

2 PtCl2 + 5 F2 → 2 PtF5 + 2 Cl2
2 PtF5 → PtF6 + PtF4

Hexafluoroplatinates

Platinum hexafluoride can gain an electron to form the hexafluoroplatinate anion, PtF−
6. It is formed by reacting platinum hexafluoride with relatively uncationisable elements and compounds, for example with xenon to form "XePtF
6" (actually a mixture of XeFPtF
5, XeFPt
2F
11, and Xe
2F
3PtF
6), known as xenon hexafluoroplatinate. The discovery of this reaction in 1962 proved that noble gases form chemical compounds. Previous to the experiment with xenon, PtF
6 had been shown to react with oxygen to form [O2]+[PtF6]−, dioxygenyl hexafluoroplatinate.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Drews, T.; Supel, J.; Hagenbach, A.; Seppelt, K. "Solid State Molecular Structures of Transition Metal Hexafluorides" Inorganic Chemistry 2006, volume 45, pp 3782-3788.doi:10.1021/ic052029f
  2. ↑ Weinstock, B.; Claassen, H. H.; Malm, J. G. (1957). "Platinum Hexafluoride". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 79: 5832–5832. doi:10.1021/ja01578a073.

General reading

  • Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
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