List of Assyrian settlements

A statue of the Jesus in Ankawa, Iraq, one of the largest modern Assyrian communities in the Assyrian homeland and is also the patriarchate of the Assyrian Church of the East.[1]

The following is a list of Assyrian settlements in the Middle East subsequent to the Assyrian genocide in 1914. This list includes settlement of Assyrians from Southeastern Turkey who left their ancient tribes in Hakkari, Sirnak and Mardin province (which date from 3rd century AD)[2] due to torment, violence and displacement by the Ottomans in the First World War. Many Assyrians from Urmia, Iran were also affected and as such have emigrated and settled in other towns. Resettling again occurred during the Simele massacre in northern Iraq, perpetrated by the Iraqi military coup in the 1930s, with many fleeing to northeastern Syria.[3]

Most modern resettlement is located in Iraq,[4] Syria and Iran in the cities of Baghdad, Habbaniyah, Kirkuk, Duhok, Al-Hasakah, Tehran and Damascus. Few Assyrian settlements exist in Turkey today and also in the Caucasus. The exodus to the cities or towns of these aforementioned countries occurred between late 1910s and 1930s.[5][6] After the Iraq War in 2003, a number of Assyrians in Baghdad relocated to Northern Iraq, repopulating parts of Iraqi Kurdistan, in what they now call the "Assyrian homeland".[7] Many others have immigrated to North America, Europe and Australia, especially in the late 20th century and 21st century.[8] Currently, there are a number of settlements on this list that have been abandoned due to persecution, conflict, and other causes.[9]

Iraq

Al Anbar Governorate

SettlementAramaicProvinceDistrictNote(s)
HabbaniyahAl AnbarAssyrians from Suldoz immigrated to Habbaniya mainly between 1920s and 1940s.

Baghdad Province

SettlementAramaicProvinceDistrictNote(s)
DoraBaghdadAl Rashid1500 Christians, mostly adherents of the Assyrian Church of the East and Chaldean Catholic Church, inhabit Dora as of December 2014[10]

Dohuk Province

Duhok Province
SettlementAramaicProvinceDistrictNote(s)
Araden[11]ܐܪܕܢDohukAmadiya35 Assyrian families inhabit Araden as of May 2004[12]
EnishkeܐܝܢܫܟܐDohukAmadiya30 Assyrian families inhabit Enishke as of May 2004[12]
Sarsing[13]ܣܪܣܢܓDohukAmadiya150 Assyrian families inhabit Sarsing as of May 2004[14]
BadarashDohukAmadiya40 Assyrian families inhabit Badarash as of May 2004[12]
Amadiya[15]ܥܡܝܕܝܐDohukAmadiya
BazDohukAmadiya10 Assyrian families inhabited Baz in May 2004.[16] 40 Christian and Muslim families inhabit Baz as of June 2011[17]
Bebadiܒܝܬ ܒܥܕܝDohukAmadiya30 Assyrian families inhabit Bebadi as of May 2004[15]
BelejaneDohukAmadiya15 Assyrian families inhabit Belejane as of May 2004[18]
BelmandDohukAmadiya50 Assyrian families inhabit Belmand as of May 2004[19]
BeqolkeDohukAmadiya74 Assyrians inhabited Beqolke in 1957; 7 Assyrian families inhabited Beqolke in 1978; 4 Assyrian families inhabit Beqolke as of 1991[20]
BenathaDohukAmadiya8 Assyrian families inhabit Benatha as of May 2004[12]
Beth ShmayayeDohukAmadiya
Beth TanuraDohukAmadiya
ChalekDohukAmadiya10 Assyrian families inhabit Chalek as of May 2004[16]
Chem RabatkeDohukAmadiya
DawodiyaܕܘܘܕܝܐDohukAmadiya
DehiܪܗܐDohukAmadiya20 Assyrian families inhabit Dehi as of 1991
DereDohukAmadiya323 Assyrians inhabited Dere in 1957;[21] 250 Assyrians inhabited Dere in 1988;[21] 25 Assyrian families inhabit Dere as of May 2004[18]
DerishkeDohukAmadiya20 Assyrian families inhabit Derishke as of May 2004[22]
DoreehDohukAmadiya30 Assyrian families inhabit Dore as of May 2004[23]
EqriDohukAmadiya
EyatDohukAmadiya169 Assyrians inhabited Eyat in 1957; 19 Assyrian families inhabit Eyat as of 2013 [24]
HayesDohukAmadiya
HezanyDohukAmadiya27 Assyrian families inhabit Hezany as of 1991
JadideDohukAmadiya
JelekDohukAmadiya519 Assyrians inhabited Jelek in 1957; 62 Assyrian families inhabit Jelek as of 2011 [25]
JoleDohukAmadiya
Kani BalaviDohukAmadiya15 Assyrian families inhabit Kani Balavi as of May 2004[26]
KhalilaneDohukAmadiya20 Assyrian families inhabit Khalilane as of May 2004[27]
KomanyܟܘܡܢܐDohukAmadiya20 Assyrian families inhabit Komany as of May 2004[18]
MangeshDohukAmadiya1195 Assyrians inhabited Mangesh in 1947; 959 Assyrians inhabited Mangesh in 1965[28]
MargajiyaDohukAmadiya
MayeDohukAmadiya10 Assyrian families inhabit Maye as of May 2004[22]
MeristekDohukAmadiya
MerogeDohukAmadiya
MezeܡܝܙܐDohukAmadiya
MosakaܡܘܣܵܟܵܐDohukAmadiya
SardarawaDohukAmadiya
SardashteDohukAmadiya
SikrineDohukAmadiya
TashishDohukAmadiya163 Assyrians inhabited Tashish in 1957.[29]
AqrahܥܩܪܐDohukAqrah
NohawaDohukAqrah
BabeloDohukDohuk
BageratDohukDohuk
DohukܢܘܗܕܪܐDohukDohuk
GondekosaDohukDohuk
KorygavanaDohukDohuk
ZawitaܙܘܝܬܐDohukDohuk
AvzrogܐܒܙܪܘܓDohukSemel
Bajed BeravDohukSemel
Bajed KindalDohukSemel
BakhetmeܒܚܬܡܐDohukSemel
BakhlojaDohukSemel
JamborDohukSemel
Mar YakooDohukSemel79 Assyrian families inhabit Mar Yakoo as of 2011[30]
SimeleܣܡܠܐDohukSemel
ShezeDohukSemelInhabited as of November 2011[31]
ShkafteDohukSemel
SurkaDohukSemel
BerseveDohukZakho
DashtatakhDohukZakho
Dayrabunܕܝܪ ܐܒܘܢܐDohukZakho
Dera ShishDohukZakho250 Assyrians inhabited Dera Shish in 1976; 8 Assyrian families inhabit Dera Shish as of 2011[32]
Faysh KhaburܦܝܫܐܒܘܪDohukZakho
LevoDohukZakho
MargaDohukZakho
MargasorDohukZakho
NavkandalaDohukZakho
PirakaDohukZakho
QarawulaDohukZakho334 Assyrians inhabited Qarawula in 1957; inhabited by 66 Assyrian families in 1975. Inhabited as of November 2011.[33]
SharaneshܫܪܢܘܫDohukZakho
ZakhoܙܟܼܘDohukZakhoA Chaldo-Assyrian tribe, associated with Catholic Assyrians. It has been inhabited by Assyrians since the 5th century. Assyrians from Hakkari, Turkey, have resettled there to escape persecution and violence by Ottoman Turks in the early 20th century.

Erbil Province

Erbil Province
SettlementAramaicProvinceDistrictNote(s)
AnkawaܥܢܟܒܐErbilErbil
ArmotaܐܪܡܥܘܛܐErbilKoya
BatasܒܬܣErbilShaqlawa
BidialܒܕܝܠErbilBarzan5 Assyrian families inhabit Bidial as of 1991[34]
DarbandokehܕܪܒܢܕܘܟܐErbilShaqlawa
DianaܕܝܢܐErbilSoran
HarirܗܪܝܪErbilShaqlawa
HawdiyanErbilShaqlawa
HinariErbil
RowanduzܪܘܢܕܣErbilSoran
SeerishmiܣܝܪܫܡܝErbil
ShaqlawaܫܩܠܒܐErbilShaqlawa
QalataܩܠܬܐErbil

Kirkuk Governorate

SettlementAramaicProvinceDistrictNote(s)
KirkukܟܪܟKirkukAround 1,605 Assyrians lived there up until 1957

Nineveh Province

Ninawa Province
SettlementAramaicProvinceDistrictNote(s)
Ain Sifniܥܝܢ ܣܦܢܐNinevehShekhan
AlqoshܐܠܩܘܫNinevehTel KeppeAncient Assyrian tribe associated with Chaldean Christians (Catholic Assyrians). It was also settled by Assyrians from Hakkari after 1914.
BandwayaNinevehTel-Keppe
BakhdidaܒܟܕܝܕܐNinevehAl-HamdaniyaWas an ancient, pre-Christian Assyrian town filled with historical artifacts. Always had a significant Christian minority in modern times. Was also settled by Assyrians from southeastern Turkey.
Balawatܒܝܬ ܠܒܬNinevehAl-Hamdaniya
BaqofahܒܬܢܝܐNinevehTel Keppe
BartellaܒܪܬܠܐNinevehAl-HamdaniyaHome to Oriental Orthodox Syriacs and Eastern Catholic Syriacs. Most emigrated out of the town due to Islamic terrorism and violence.
BatnayaܒܬܢܝܐNinevehTel KeppeAncient Assyrian tribe associated with Catholic Assyrians. Partially resettled as of now, post-ISIS.
DashqotanܕܫܩܘܬܢNinevehShekhan
KaramlesܟܪܡܠܝܣNinevehAl-Hamdaniya
Jambour[35]NinevehTel Keppe
KhorsabadNineveh
MerkiܡܪܓܐNinevehShekhan
SharafiyaܫܪܦܝܐNinevehTel KeppeTyari Assyrian immigrated here from Hakkari province after persecution and violence by Ottomans in 1914
Tel Keppeܬܠ ܟܐܦܐNinevehTel KeppeAncient Assyrian tribe populated by Catholic Assyrians (Chaldeans). Also has had Assyrian settlements from Hakkari.
Tel Esqofܬܠ ܝܣܩܘܦܐNinevehTel KeppeAs above.
ArmashܥܪܡܫNinevehShekhan
AzakhܐܕܟNinevehShekhan
BebozeܒܒܘܙܐNinevehShekhan
DizeNinevehShekhan
Mala Barwanܡܠܐ ܒܪܘܢNinevehShekhan
TilanܬܠܐNinevehShekhan

Abandoned villages

SettlementAramaicProvinceDistrictNote(s)
AshawaDohukAmadiya619 Assyrians inhabited Ashawa in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[15]
BebalokDohukAmadiya25 Assyrian families inhabited Bebalok in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[22]
BotaraDohukAmadiya12 families inhabited Botara in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[26]
DergnyDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
HalwaܗܠܘܐDohukAmadiya40 Assyrian families inhabited Halwa in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[26]
HamziyaܗܡܙܝܐDohukAmadiya102 Assyrians inhabited Hamziya in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[15]
KhwaraDohukAmadiya92 Assyrians inhabited Khwara in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[22]
MagrebiyaDohukAmadiya18 Assyrians inhabited Magrebiya in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[23]
MalakhtaDohukAmadiya28 Assyrians inhabited Malakhta in 1957; uninhabited by Assyrians as of May 2004[23]
ArgenDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
AtoshDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
BarzankeDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
BashuDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
BobawaDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
Cham EshratDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
Cham SinyDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
ChamikeDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
ChaqalaDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
Chem ChaleDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
DohokeDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
EssanDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
EstepDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
HawarkeDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
HawentkaDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
HishDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
MahodeDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
MaydanDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
NerwaDohukAmadiyaUninhabited, see also Nerwa Rekan
QaroDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
SedarDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
TashikeDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
WelaDohukAmadiyaUninhabited
SharmanDohukAqrahUninhabited
ShoshDohukAqrahUninhabited
BadaliyaDohukSemelUninhabited
Der JondiDohukSemelUninhabited
HejirkeDohukSemelUninhabited
MawanaDohukSemelUninhabited
AlaneshDohukZakhoUninhabited
BahnonaDohukZakhoUninhabited
BenekhreDohukZakhoUninhabited
BhereDohukZakhoUninhabited
Der HozanDohukZakhoUninhabited
IstablanDohukZakhoUninhabited
Malla ArapDohukZakhoUninhabited
MargashishDohukZakhoUninhabited
SanatDohukZakhoUninhabited
ShwadanDohukZakhoUninhabited
SteblanDohukZakhoUninhabited
UmraDohukZakhoUninhabited

Iran

West Azarbaijan, Iran
Tehran, Iran

Iranian Kurdistan

Tehran Province

Syria

Al Hasakah, Syria
Homs, Syria

Assyrians immigrated to Syria during the 1930s and 1940s, from Northern Iraq, after they were slaughtered and displaced during the Simele Massacre perpetrated by the armed forces of the Kingdom of Iraq.[36] Many Assyrians in Syria did not have Syrian citizenship and title to their land until late 1940s.[37]

Al-Hasakah Governorate

Cities and towns with Syriac-Assyrian population

Villages

  • Berabeytê/Berebeyt (ܒܰܪ ܒܝܬܐܰ ,بره بيت)[38][39]
  • Ghardugah
  • Khanik
  • Kirku Shamu
  • Mahriqan
  • Qir Sharan
  • Safiyah
  • Tal Aluw
  • Tall Jana
  • Tell Halaf
  • Tirbekay

Khabour Valley Villages

Damascus Governorate

Note- Ma'loula and neighboring Muslim-majority villages Jubb'adin and Al-Sarkha are the only villages left where a majority of the population speak the Western Aramaic dialects

Homs Governorate

Turkey

Some Assyrians from southeastern Turkey settled to a few nearby towns and cities in eastern Turkey after the genocide in 1914.

Adıyaman Province

Diyarbakır Province

Elazığ province

Mardin province

  • ʼArbo
  • ʼAnḥel
  • Beth Kustan
  • Beth Debe, Turkish: Dibek
  • Beth Man’am, Turkish: Bahminir
  • Birguriya, Turkish: Birigirya
  • Bnebil, Turkish: Benabil
  • Boté, Turkish: Bardakçı
  • Chtrako
  • Dara, Turkish: Oğuz
  • Derelya
  • Dayro Daslibo
  • Deyrqube
  • Ehwo, Turkish: Güzelsu
  • Eskikale
  • Habsus, Turkish: Mercimekli
  • Hah, Turkish: Anıtlı
  • Harabale/Arkah, Turkish: Üçköy
  • Harabémechka, Turkish: Dağiçi
  • Kafro Tahtayto
  • Iwardo
  • Keferb
  • Keferze
  • Kelith, Turkish: Dereiçi
  • Kerburan
  • Kfarbé, Turkish: Güngören
  • M’aré, Turkish: Eskihisar
  • Ma'asarte, Turkish: Ömerli[40]
  • Mardin
  • Midyat
  • Mor Bobo, Turkish: Günyurdu
  • Mzizah
  • Nusaybin
  • Qritho di‘Ito (Gundeké Sukru)
  • Qritho Hanna (Gundeké Hanna)
  • Saleh, Turkish: Barıştepe
  • Séderi, Turkish: Üçyol
  • Zaz

Şırnak Province

  • Azakh, Turkish: İdil
  • Hoz, in Beytüşşebap
  • Meer, Turkish: Kovankaya
  • Öğündük
  • Sare/Ester/Gawayto, Turkish: Sarıköy

Şanlıurfa Province

  • Şanlıurfa

Van Province

  • Van (uninhabited)

Hakkari Province

Armenia

A multilingual (Armenian, Assyrian, Russian) sign at the entrance of Arzni.

The Assyrian population in Armenia is mainly rural. Out of 3,409 Assyrians in Armenia 2,885 (84.6%) was rural and 524 (15.4%) urban.[41] According to the Council of Europe European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages there were four rural settlements with significant Assyrian population.

Ararat Province

  1. Verin Dvin - Assyrians and Armenians
  2. Dimitrov - Assyrians and Armenians

Armavir Province

  1. Nor Artagers - Assyrians, Armenians and Yezidis

Kotayk Province

  1. Arzni - Assyrians and Armenians

See also

References

  1. ↑ Richard Spencer, Iraq crisis: The streets of Erbil’s newly Christian suburb are now full of helpless people, The Daily Telegraph, August 08, 2014
  2. ↑ Wigram, W.A., "The Ashiret Highlands of Hakkari (Mesopotamia)," Royal Central Asian Society Journal, 1916, Vol. III, pg. 40. -- The Assyrians and their Neighbors (London, 1929)
  3. ↑ M.Y.A . Lilian, Assyrians Of The Van District During The Rule Of Ottoman Turks, 1914
  4. ↑ Map of Assyrian villages in Iraq http://aina.org/maps/villagesbyyear.htm
  5. ↑ Information on Assyrians in Iraq
  6. ↑ Smith, Gary N., From Urmia to the Stanislau: a cultural-historical-geography of Assyrian Christians in the Middle East and America (Davis, 1981)
  7. ↑ Dalley, Stephanie (1993). "Nineveh After 612 BC." Alt-Orientanlische Forshchungen 20. P.134.
  8. ↑ Assyrian villages in Hakkari Assyrian villages in Hakkari
  9. ↑ Costa-Roberts, Daniel (15 March 2015). "8 things you didn't know about Assyrian Christians". PBS. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
  10. ↑ The Telegraph: Iraq crisis: The Last Christians of Dora
  11. ↑ Meho & Maglaughlin (2001), p. 267
  12. 1 2 3 4 Eshoo (2004), p. 9
  13. ↑ OCP Media Network: Assyrian Church Prelates Visit the Historic Village of Sarsing in Northern Iraq
  14. ↑ Eshoo (2004), p. 8
  15. 1 2 3 4 Eshoo (2004), p. 11
  16. 1 2 Eshoo (2004), p. 7
  17. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Baz
  18. 1 2 3 Eshoo (2004), p. 10
  19. ↑ Eshoo (2004), p. 13
  20. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Beqolke
  21. 1 2 Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Dere
  22. 1 2 3 4 Eshoo (2004), p. 5
  23. 1 2 3 Eshoo (2004), p. 4
  24. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Ayit
  25. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporations: Jelek
  26. 1 2 3 Eshoo (2004), p. 6
  27. ↑ Eshoo (2004), p. 12
  28. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Mangesh
  29. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Tashish
  30. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Mar Yakoo
  31. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Shezi or Sheyouz
  32. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Der Shish
  33. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: QaraWola
  34. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Bedyel
  35. ↑ Ishtar Broadcasting Corporation: Jambur
  36. ↑ Rowlands, J., "The Khabur Valley," Royal Central Asian Society Journal, 1947, pp. 144-149.
  37. ↑ Betts, Robert Brenton, Christians in the Arab East (Atlanta, 1978)
  38. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwVCGh1Yimw
  39. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9f024REcitI
  40. ↑ Mardin Travel. "Ömerli". Mardin Travel.
  41. ↑ COE - Ethnic minorities in Armenia

Bibliography

  • Eshoo, Majed (2004). Mary Challita, ed. The Fate Of Assyrian Villages Annexed To Today's Dohuk Governorate In Iraq And The Conditions In These Villages Following The Establishment Of The Iraqi State In 1921.
  • Meho, Lokman I.; Maglaughlin, Kelly L. (2001). Kurdish Culture and Society: An Annotated Bibliography. Greenwood Publishing Group.
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