G (New York City Subway service)

Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown
View of the end of a southbound "G" train at the elevated Smith-Ninth Streets station. The train consists of cars with the contract name R68.
Northern end Court Square
Southern end Church Avenue
Stations 21
Rolling stock 52 R68s (13 trains)[1]
(Rolling stock assignments subject to change)
Depot Coney Island Yard
Started service August 19, 1933 (1933-08-19)
Route map
no regular service via Queens Boulevard
 Down arrow  G 
 Court Square
 21st Street–Van Alst
Queens
Brooklyn
 Greenpoint Avenue
 Nassau Avenue
 Metropolitan Avenue
 Broadway
 Flushing Avenue
 Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues
 Bedford–Nostrand Avenues
 Classon Avenue
 Clinton–Washington Avenues
 Fulton Street
"A" train ​"C" train Euclid Avenue & The Rockaways
"A" train ​"C" train via Fulton Street
 Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets
"A" train ​"C" train Manhattan via 8th Avenue
no regular service
to Court Street
"F" train to Jamaica
Bergen Street
 Carroll Street
 Smith–Ninth Streets
 Fourth Avenue
Seventh Avenue
 15th Street–Prospect Park
 Fort Hamilton Parkway
Church Avenue
Up arrow  G 
"F" train Coney Island via Culver
Legend
 Lines used by the "G" train
 Other services sharing
tracks with the "G" train
 Unused lines, connections,
or service patterns
 G 
 Termini of services
 Cross-platform interchange
 Platforms on different levels

The G Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown[2] is an 11.4-mile-long (18.3 km)[3] rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored light green since it uses the IND Crosstown Line.[4]

The G operates at all times between Court Square in Long Island City, Queens, and Church Avenue in Kensington, Brooklyn, making local stops along its entire route. The G is the only non-shuttle service in the system that does not serve Manhattan. Since the 2000s, several improvements have been made to the G, including a route extension in Brooklyn and a full-route audit that identified solutions for issues on the G service.

The G serves two stations in Queens: Court Square and 21st Street, which are both in Long Island City. Prior to 2010, it served all stations on the IND Queens Boulevard Line between Court Square and 71st Avenue in Forest Hills. In 1939 and 1940, the G also used the now-demolished IND World's Fair Line to access the 1939 New York World's Fair. From 1976 to 2009, the GG, which became the G short-turned at Smith–Ninth Streets.

History

Early service

The original Brooklyn–Queens Crosstown Local service began on August 19, 1933, as a shuttle between Queens Plaza on the IND Queens Boulevard Line and Nassau Avenue. This service was designated GG because the IND used double letters to indicate local service. Starting on April 24, 1937, GG trains were extended to Forest Hills–71st Avenue during rush hours, serving as the Queens Boulevard local while E trains ran express west of Continental Avenue.[5] The entire IND Crosstown Line was completed on July 1, 1937, including the connection to the IND Culver Line.[6] GG service ran at all times between Forest Hills–71st Avenue and Church Avenue. Soon after, it was cut back to Smith–Ninth Streets.[7]

The 1939 World's Fair was served by GG trains, some of which were marked as S Special. The trains ran via the short-lived[8] IND World's Fair Line to Horace Harding Boulevard. Trains were extended to the World's Fair Station at all times during the fair, supplemented by PM hour E trains.[9] The fair closed on October 28, 1940, and was demolished later that year.[8] As a result, GG service was truncated to Forest Hills–71st Avenue.[10][11]

November 26, 1967 – June 1979 bullet

On July 1, 1968,[5] service was again extended to Church Avenue during rush hours. During these times, the F train operated as an express on the IND Culver Line.[5][12] This service pattern ended on August 30, 1976, due to budget cuts and because of complaints from many customers at local stations on the IND Culver Line who wanted direct access to Manhattan. Afterwards the GG was cut back to Smith–Ninth Streets.[12][13][14] On August 27, 1977, GG service was cut back to Queens Plaza during late nights, being replaced by the F.[15] Effective May 6, 1985, use of double letters to indicate local service was discontinued, so the GG was relabeled G.[16][17]

June 1979 – May 6, 1985 bullet

On May 24, 1987, the N and R services switched terminals in Queens. As part of the reroute plan, Queens Plaza became the northern terminal for the G train on evenings, weekends and late nights.[18] Three years later, on September 30, 1990, G service was extended to 179th Street during late nights to replace the F, which terminated at 21st Street–Queensbridge.[19]

Recent changes

Beginning on March 23, 1997, due to construction on the connector between the IND 63rd Street Line and the IND Queens Boulevard Line, G trains terminated at Court Square on evenings, nights and weekends. On August 30, 1997, late night service was permanently cut back from 179th Street to Court Square with the F running local east of Queens Plaza replacing G service, meaning that the G only ran along the Queens Boulevard Line on weekdays.[20][21] On December 16, 2001, the 63rd Street Connector opened and Court Square became the northern terminal for the G train during weekdays, while G service was extended to Forest Hills–71st Avenue at all other times, which represented the reverse of the previous pattern. Service along the IND Queens Boulevard Line was replaced by the new V train during weekdays.[12][20] The G was to be truncated to Court Square at all times to make room for the V, but due to rider opposition, it was cut back only on weekdays until 8:30 pm.[20]

On July 5, 2009, the G was once again extended south at all times to Church Avenue.[22] This was required for overhaul of the Culver Viaduct, which caused the express tracks at Smith–Ninth Streets and Fourth Avenue/Ninth Street—used to switch G trains between tracks after they terminated at Smith–Ninth Streets—to be temporarily taken out of service.[7][12][20] This had several benefits. First, five stations previously served by only the F train had more frequent service. Additionally, riders from northern Brooklyn and Long Island City had a direct route to Kensington. Finally, since the Church Avenue terminal had four tracks to store terminating G trains, as opposed to only one storage track at Smith–9th Streets, this reduced delays on both services because terminating G trains could switch to the storage tracks without having to wait in the station for another train to leave, as had occurred at Smith–Ninth Street.[12] On July 19, 2012, MTA officials made this extension permanent because it provided more direct connections between Kensington and north Brooklyn.[7][20]

Due to the MTA’s financial crisis in the late 2000s, as well as continued capacity issues on the IND Queens Boulevard Line, the G was to be cut back from Forest Hills–71st Avenue to Court Square at all times beginning June 27, 2010.[23] However, due to planned track repairs during the times the G normally ran on the Queens Boulevard Line, it ceased running on that line on April 19.[20] In addition, train headways were reduced, which inconvenienced about 201,000 weekly commuters since they had to wait longer for G trains.[24][25]

Flood waters from Hurricane Sandy caused significant damage to the Greenpoint Tubes under the Newtown Creek. Although the G was back in service days after the hurricane, the tube needed permanent repairs. To allow for these repairs, G service ran only between Nassau Avenue and Church Avenue for twelve weekends between July and December 2013. This schedule was also in effect daily between July 25 and September 2, 2014.[3]

Controversies

The underground Court Square station is the "G" train's northern terminus. There are two tracks in the station, one on each side of the center platform, with a "G" train on the right-hand track.
The northern terminus of the G train at Court Square

The G suffers from a wide range of issues that has resulted in complaints by people living along the route.[26] Historically, it has only connected Brooklyn and Queens,[20] resulting in many people thinking of the G as the subway system's "outcast"[27] and the "unwanted drunk uncle everyone has."[28] One reporter wrote of the G, "[Riders] need it because it goes where no other train does, but they hate that they need it." Compounding to the G's "outcast" reputation, some of the G's stations along the Crosstown Line are in bad shape.[28] Since 2001, however, a series of service cuts and missing connections to other lines has worsened public opinion of the G.[28]

Since December 2001, the G's northern terminus has been cut back from Forest Hills to Court Square during the weekdays,[29] and since June 2010, this service pattern has applied 24/7.[20][30] This service pattern not only puts more ridership pressure on the E route—already one of the system's busiest before 2001[31]—but also required G trains' lengths to be shortened by one third, from 450 feet (140 m) or 6 cars to 300 feet (91 m) or 4.[20] In addition, between 2001 and 2010, weekend service along the G to Forest Hills had been intermittent, with frequent service changes due to "track work".[32][28] The 2010 route reduction did increase service frequency on the remainder of the route.[20] Finally, the G has few transfers to other lines, with missing transfer points to the J and ​M trains at Broadway and the 2, ​3, ​4, ​5​, B, ​D, ​N, ​Q​, R and ​W​ trains at Fulton Street,[20][33] as well as a lack of an ADA-accessible transfer to the 7 and <7>​ trains at Court Square.[20]

63rd Street Connector service reductions

When the connector to the IND 63rd Street Line from the IND Queens Boulevard Line was completed in December 2001, it not only introduced the new V service, but also allowed up to nine additional trains to and from Manhattan on the Queens Boulevard Line during peak hours.[29] However, to make room for the V train on Queens Boulevard, the G had to terminate at Court Square on weekdays.[34] The reroute of the G was part of the original plans of the 63rd Street tunnel and connector, going back to the late 1960s.[35][36][37] The service plan was designed to redistribute Queens-bound passenger loads on the crowded IND Queens Boulevard Line, which ran under 53rd Street while in Manhattan. In turn, this plan was intended to bring better service and transfer opportunities as the V train allowed direct access to 53rd Street and the IND Sixth Avenue Line for Queens Boulevard Local customers. The New York Times prematurely described the service plan as "complex and heavily criticized" because it put more crowding on the E train.[31]

In response to complaints from G riders at public hearings about losing a major transfer point to Manhattan-bound trains at Queens Plaza, the MTA agreed to a number of compromises, including installing a moving sidewalk in the passageway between Court Square and 23rd Street–Ely Avenue (now served by the E and ​M trains) on the Queens Boulevard Line.[20] In addition, a free out-of-system MetroCard transfer to 45th Road–Court House Square on the IRT Flushing Line was created at those two stations.[20] This special transfer was discontinued when construction of an in-system transfer at the corner of 23rd Street and 45th Road that opened on June 3, 2011, which made only the Flushing Line station ADA-accessible.[20] The MTA provided $17 million in funding for making the Crosstown Line accessible as part of the 2015–2019 Capital Program.[38][39]

The MTA also agreed to extend the G to Forest Hills–71st Avenue during evenings and weekends (when the V was not running), and run more trains on that route. There was a four-hour period where the G, R, and V, as well as the Queens Boulevard line's express services, the E and the F, were all supposedly running at once since the V stopped running at midnight and the G was extended to 71st Avenue at 8:00 p.m. The authority "had spent several hundred thousand dollars on tests, trying to figure out a way to keep the G train running past Court Square and farther into Queens on weekdays, but because of the addition of the V train, which shared space along the Queens Boulevard Line with the trains already there (the E, F and R trains), G trains could not fit during the daytime, when service is heaviest."[31]

However, due to construction on the Queens Boulevard Line, the G train frequently terminated at Court Square even at times when the published timetable said it ran to 71st Avenue.[20] Some riders were suspicious that the service disruptions were "simply a de facto way to implement the original plan of halving G train service." The original plans called for the G terminate at Court Square at all times; that plan was shelved in 2001 in the face of community opposition, but the MTA decided to implement it in 2010.[20][30] An MTA spokesman said, "It's not personal…. If you want to keep the system up to date, you need to make sure the track and switching are all in good repair."[32]

Community groups such as Save the G! and the Riders Alliance have been frequent activists for improvements of G service. Save the G! regularly lobbied the MTA for more G train service since the original cutbacks when the V was introduced in 2001. They made the restoration of service to the Queens Boulevard Line at all times an issue in the 2002 New York gubernatorial race, but the transit authority said, "Unfortunately, putting the G back to full service is just not an option, given our track capacity—and that's not likely to change."[40]

Changes to train length

An overhead sign at an underground "G" train station. The sign's text says, "'G' stops at center of platform". There is a U-turn arrow icon on the left side of the sign, next to the text.
An overhead sign at an underground "G" train station. The sign's text says, "'G' train stops here. Wait here to board". There is an icon of a train on the left side of the sign, next to the text.
Signs at Bergen Street (top) and Nassau Avenue (bottom) directing passengers to the correct boarding areas, due to the short 300-foot (91 m) length of the trains.

To increase service and reduce waiting time due to the 63rd Street Connector cutbacks, the G would need more trains, but there were not enough cars available in the system. The solution was to reduce the length of trains in order to increase service frequency.[20] Historically, the G line had run 8 60-foot (18 m) car trains or 6 75-foot (23 m) car trains; both were shorter than the typical 600-foot (180 m) length of B Division trains because ridership was deemed too low to justify running full-length G trains in frequent intervals.[20] Under the 2001 plan, trains were shortened from six 75-foot (23 m) cars to four, sticking all the leftover cars together to make the extra trains for the G, and the additional trains needed for V service.[20][41] Thus, G service now operates 300-foot (91 m) trains, half the length of normal B Division standards. It also operates One Person Train Operation (OPTO) service during late nights and weekends.[20]

This, however, meant there would be more riders packed into smaller trains, and led some passengers to miss trains because they were standing at the wrong part of the platform.[42] In the past, there have been signs indicating where the train stops at some stations, in addition to the "4" and "6" markers next to the tracks used by train operators as stop points. Still, the overall lack of visual identifiers of train stop points on the platforms, the differing stop points during different times of day, and the location of staircases, transfer passageways and platform benches have been cited as a cause of passengers missing trains or being bunched into single cars.[20][43] Beginning in 2013, additional signs were installed along G train platforms.[44] In 2014, several improvements were implemented due to an infusion of extra funding, with G trains to be lengthened in 2019 (see below).[43][45][46][47]

Non-free transfers

Save the G!, the Riders Alliance, and other organizations have also lobbied for the creation of new free out-of-system transfers to nearby stations. The most prominent is between Broadway on the Crosstown Line and either Hewes Street or Lorimer Street on the BMT Jamaica Line, which are both about three blocks away; this transfer has been previously proposed.[20][33] In 2005, an MTA spokesperson stated, "We have no intention of making that a permanent free transfer."[48] This sentiment was repeated in 2013, with the MTA citing the loss of around $770,000 in revenue if the transfer were to become free.[20][49] Temporary free transfers have been provided in the past, including one to Lorimer Street in 1999 due to suspended service over the Williamsburg Bridge on the J, M, and Z​ trains, and again during the Summer 2014 G service suspension north of Nassau Avenue.[20][50] The temporary Lorimer Street–Broadway transfer is due to be reinstated for 18 months beginning in January 2019, when the BMT Canarsie Line tunnels under the East River are closed for construction related to the Fix and Fortify program initiated by the MTA after Hurricane Sandy.[51][52]

A second transfer, from Fulton Street to the busy Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center complex in Downtown Brooklyn, was rejected by the MTA due to the long walking distance between the two stations, as well as the fact that there is a transfer to Manhattan-bound A and ​C trains at Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets.[20][33]

During the closure of the Canarsie Tunnels, a temporary MetroCard-only transfer would be provided between the 21st Street station and the 7 and <7>​ trains' Hunters Point Avenue station.[53]

Improvements

A reopened subway station entrance on South Portland Avenue, at the "G" train's Fulton Street station. This entrance consists of a staircase that descends underground; it is surrounded by a forest-green banister.
A reopened entrance to the Fulton Street station along South Portland Avenue

Most stations along the IND Crosstown Line were built with multiple exits to the street. Over the years, many lower-use exits were closed (as they were in other parts of the subway), as the city was concerned that they were a magnet for criminals;[54] this resulted in G trains along the Crosstown Line needing to stop at the locations closest to the exits.[20] However, in July 2005, in response to community pressure, the MTA agreed to re-open the South Portland Avenue exit of the Fulton Street station. The New York Times described it as a "minor victory" for "a maligned line."[54] Additionally, exits to the intersection of Powers Street, Hope Street, and Union Avenue at Metropolitan Avenue are planned to be reopened before 2019 to address possible capacity constraints due to the L train shutdown.[55] In 2019, the Court Square station will get several new stairways to accommodate increased ridership from L train riders during the reconstruction of the BMT Canarsie Line tunnels under the East River, which is scheduled to start that April.[55]

The G train's southern extension to Church Avenue, implemented in 2009 and confirmed permanently in 2012, was also seen as a service improvement. It reduced the need for riders from Park Slope and Kensington to make multiple train transfers to get to northern Brooklyn and Long Island City.[7][12][20]

In 2013, at the request of State Senators Daniel Squadron and Martin Malave Dilan, a "Review of the G Line" was conducted.[42] The route had been maligned by riders because of its unreliability, and the review recommended a few service changes for the G.[20][43][42] On June 9, 2014, a budget surplus in the MTA caused these improvements to be implemented. These improvements included an increase in the number of trains per hour, from six trains per hour to 7.5 trains per hour during evening rush hour; uniform stopping locations for trains, whereas previously, trains stopped at different places along the platform at different times of the day; public service announcement systems on platforms along the IND Crosstown Line; relocated benches; and new CCTV systems installed for OPTO.[43][45][56] Such improvements eliminated the infamous "G train sprint,"[42] wherein riders ran for G trains that stopped at the other end of the platforms.[57][58]

Despite the influx of ridership, train lengths did not change. However, in 2016, it was announced that the G is expected to get full length trains to accommodate displaced L train riders in 2019. The delivery of new R179 subway cars consists to other routes would make it possible for older fleet from these other routes to be passed onto the G.[47] In addition, three extra G trains per hour would run during peak periods, for a total of 11 trains per hour during the shutdown. A full-length G train would run every five to six minutes, nearly tripling the route's capacity from eight to twenty-two 300-foot consists per hour. Since the G train's schedule is designed around that of the F train, train frequencies on both routes would have to be modified.[59] In July 2018, the MTA published a report stating that the G route would have 15 full-length trains per hour between Court Square and Bedford–Nostrand Avenues, or a rate of one train every four minutes. South of Bedford–Nostrand Avenues, the G would have a headway of 12 trains per hour. The terminus of these G trips would be either Church Avenue or 18th Avenue; the 18th Avenue station is located two stations south of the G's existing southern terminus at Church Avenue.[60]

From 2010 to 2015, ridership on the G has risen 17%, with approximately 150,000 riders per weekday in 2015.[27] It is the route with the fastest growing ridership base in the entire system.[42] These improvements will also have the side benefit of being able to accommodate the growing ridership base in gentrified neighborhoods along the G, like Park Slope, Carroll Gardens, Bedford-Stuyvesant, Williamsburg, Greenpoint, and Long Island City. This is due in part because the G's weekday frequencies have become more dependable as a result of its 2013 review.[20][27] However, weekend service was still lacking, according to some riders.[27]

Route

Service pattern

The G uses the following lines with the same service pattern at all times.[61]

Line From To Tracks
IND Crosstown Line Court Square Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets all
IND Culver Line Bergen Street Church Avenue local

Stations

For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.

Station service legend
Stops all times
Stops all times except late nights
Stops late nights only
Stops weekdays only
Station closed
Stops rush hours only (limited service)
Stops weekdays in the peak direction only
Time period details
Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
 ↑ Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
in the indicated direction only
 ↓
Elevator access to mezzanine only
Stations Subway transfers Connections
Queens
Crosstown Line
Court Square Elevator access to mezzanine only 7  <7> ​ (IRT Flushing Line) at Court Square
E  ​M  (IND Queens Boulevard Line at Court Square–23rd Street)
21st Street LIRR City Terminal Zone at Hunterspoint Avenue (peak hours only)
Brooklyn
Greenpoint Avenue
Nassau Avenue
Metropolitan Avenue L  (BMT Canarsie Line at Lorimer Street)
Broadway
Flushing Avenue
Myrtle–Willoughby Avenues
Bedford–Nostrand Avenues B44 Select Bus Service
Classon Avenue
Clinton–Washington Avenues
Fulton Street
Hoyt–Schermerhorn Streets A  ​C  (IND Fulton Street Line)
Culver Line
Bergen Street F 
Carroll Street F 
Smith–Ninth Streets F 
Fourth Avenue F 
D  ​N  ​R  ​W  (BMT Fourth Avenue Line at Ninth Street)
Seventh Avenue F 
15th Street–Prospect Park F 
Fort Hamilton Parkway F 
Church Avenue F 

The G train is shown in the TV series Girls, as the show's main character, Hannah, lives in Greenpoint (near a stop along the G) and sometimes uses the route.[27][62]

References

  1. ↑ Korman, Joe (January 12, 2018). "BMT-IND Car Assignments". JoeKorNer.
  2. ↑ "G Subway Timetable, Effective June 24, 2018" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
  3. 1 2 "G Line Review". mta.info. Archived from the original on November 7, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
  4. ↑ "mta.info – Line Colors". mta.info. Archived from the original on October 16, 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 "Independent Subway Services Beginning in 1932". thejoekorner.com. August 21, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  6. ↑ "New Crosstown Subway Line Is Opened". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. July 1, 1937. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
  7. 1 2 3 4 O'Neill, Natalie (July 19, 2012). "G wiz! MTA plans to save the G train extension!". The Brooklyn Paper. Archived from the original on September 17, 2012. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
  8. 1 2 "END OF SUBWAY SPUR TO FAIR NOW URGED: Transportation Board Asks the Right to Demolish It". nytimes.com. The New York Times. November 26, 1940. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
  9. ↑ "HOW TO GET TO THE FAIR GROUNDS; BY SUBWAY". nytimes.com. The New York Times. April 30, 1939. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
  10. ↑ "CITY SUBWAY RIDE TO FAIR TO COST 10C Board Holds Dime Charge Is Necessary to Pay for Branch Line to the Grounds" (PDF). nytimes.com. The New York Times. February 18, 1939. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 8, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
  11. ↑ "NEW SUBWAY SPUR IS READY TO OPEN: First Train to Start Four Minutes Before the Fair Officially Begins". nytimes.com. The New York Times. April 17, 1939. Archived from the original on July 9, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Review of F Line Operations, Ridership, and Infrastructure" (PDF). nysenate.gov. MTA New York City Transit Authority. October 7, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 31, 2010. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
  13. ↑ O'Neill, Natalie (April 13, 2012). "History shows it's not the G train 'extension' — it's the G train renewal". The Brooklyn Paper. Archived from the original on July 23, 2015. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  14. ↑ Service Adjustment on BMT and IND Lines Effective 1 A.M. Monday, Aug. 30. Flickr. New York City Transit Authority. August 1976. Archived from the original on January 5, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2016.
  15. ↑ Service Adjustments on the BMT and IND Lines Effective Midnight, Saturday, August 27 New York City Transit Authority (1977). Flickr – Photo Sharing!. Archived from the original on September 15, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  16. ↑ Korman, Joe. What's a K train?. TheJoeKorner.
  17. ↑ Hey, What's a "K" train? 1985 Brochure. Flickr – Photo Sharing!. Archived from the original on September 15, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016.
  18. ↑ Cox, Jeremiah. Announcing Service Changes on the N and R routes. The Subway Nut. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016.
  19. ↑ "Service Changes September 30, 1990" (PDF). subwaynut.com. New York City Transit Authority. September 30, 1990. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 26, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 "Review of the G Line" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 10, 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 26, 2015. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Starting August 30, there will be changes in late-night service along Queens Boulevard". New York Daily News. September 2, 1997. Retrieved September 30, 2018.
  22. ↑ "MTA NYC Transit – Service Advisory". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 2009. Archived from the original on July 9, 2009. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  23. ↑ "Service Change Details". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 18, 2008. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved July 10, 2010.
  24. ↑ "2010 NYC Transit Service Reductions". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  25. ↑ "G train taking a hit before service cuts roll out". Newsday. April 13, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2010.
  26. ↑ "Lawmakers: G Train Riders Deserve Better Service « CBS New York". Newyork.cbslocal.com. January 27, 2013. Archived from the original on October 13, 2013. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  27. 1 2 3 4 5 Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (August 1, 2016). "Once Mocked, the G Train Is Now Cool. Kind Of". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on October 15, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  28. 1 2 3 4 Cohen, Billie (January 10, 2008). "The G Train From Smith-9th Streets to Long Island City". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 3, 2015. Retrieved December 3, 2016.
  29. 1 2 Kershaw, Sarah (December 17, 2001). "V Train Begins Service Today, Giving Queens Commuters Another Option". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 7, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  30. 1 2 Kadushin, Peter (January 15, 2008). "G Train May Give Brooklyn Riders Faster Service, Queens Riders More Legwork". Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  31. 1 2 3 Kennedy, Randy (May 25, 2001). "Panel Approves New V Train but Shortens G Line to Make Room". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 26, 2010. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  32. 1 2 Ilel, Neille (July 21, 2005). "'G' is For Gone–G Train Loses Nearly Half its Weekend Stops". Queens Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved January 17, 2007.
  33. 1 2 3 Hoffman, Meredith (December 31, 2012). "G Train Riders to Renew Push for Improved Service With New Year". Williamsburg, Brooklyn: DNAinfo.com. Archived from the original on August 29, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  34. ↑ Kershaw, Sarah (December 2, 2000). "Proposed Line Would Lighten Subway Crush". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2010.
  35. ↑ "Regional Transportation Program". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
  36. ↑ Queens Subway Options Study, New York: Environmental Impact Statement. United States Department of Transportation, Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Urban Mass Transit Administration. May 1984. pp. 83–. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  37. ↑ Final Environmental Impact Statement for the 63rd Street Line Connection to the Queens Boulevard Line. Queens, New York, New York: Metropolitan Transportation Authority, United States Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration. June 1992. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
  38. ↑ "ADA Accessibility at Court Square Station on the Crosstown Line". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. March 31, 2017. Retrieved June 30, 2017.
  39. ↑ "MTA Capital Program 2015–2019: Renew. Enhance. Expand" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. October 28, 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 6, 2015. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
  40. ↑ Hays, Elizabeth (October 24, 2002). "Riders Rail at G Switch". Daily News. New York. Retrieved January 17, 2007.
  41. ↑ "Community District Needs for the Borough of Brooklyn; Fiscal Year 2010" (PDF). nyc.gov. New York City Department of City Planning. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 12, 2016. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 Flegenheimer, Matt (July 15, 2013). "M.T.A. Will End Mystery of Where on the Platform the G Train Stops". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  43. 1 2 3 4 "Review of the G Line: Appendices" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 10, 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved October 28, 2015.
  44. ↑ Upadhye, Janet (January 13, 2014). "MTA's New Signs Do Little to Curb the 'G Train Sprint,' Locals Say". Fort Greene, Brooklyn: DNAinfo.com. Archived from the original on November 25, 2015. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  45. 1 2 Rivoli, Dan (June 8, 2014). "G train service to become more frequent". AM NY. Archived from the original on July 24, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  46. ↑ "MTA to Increase G Train Service – Greenpoint – DNAinfo.com New York". DNA Info. August 1, 2013. Archived from the original on June 13, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  47. 1 2 Hogan, Gwynne (May 6, 2016). "G Train To Get Full-Length Train Cars During L Shutdown, MTA Says". DNAinfo New York (Williamsburg, Greenpoint, and Bushwick). DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on August 27, 2016. Retrieved August 12, 2016.
  48. ↑ Miller, Shane (July 1, 2004). "Let Us Take a Free Swipe". Greenpoint Star. Archived from the original on February 14, 2005. Retrieved January 17, 2007.
  49. ↑ Dai, Serena (August 27, 2014). "Transfer for G, J and M Train Riders Should be Free, Advocates Say". Williamsburg, Brooklyn: DNAinfo.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2015.
  50. ↑ "Free transfer set to expire between G train and J/M lines in Brooklyn". New York's PIX11 / WPIX-TV. Archived from the original on September 1, 2014.
  51. ↑ "The L Train Shutdown: Here's How to Commute Between Brooklyn and Manhattan". DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
  52. ↑ Fitzsimmons, Emma G. (July 25, 2016). "L Train Will Shut Down From Manhattan to Brooklyn in '19 for 18 Months". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on July 25, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
  53. ↑ New York City Transit Authority (July 2018). "MTA New York City Transit Canarsie Tunnel Project Supplemental Environmental Assessment and Section 4(f) Review: Final Report" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. p. 13. Retrieved 2018-07-27.
  54. 1 2 Mooney, Jake (July 3, 2005). "For a Maligned Line, a Minor Victory". The New York Times. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
  55. 1 2 Kabak, Benjamin (2017-12-13). "First Look: DOT, MTA present initial plans for L train shutdown". Second Ave. Sagas. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
  56. ↑ Flegenheimer, Matt (July 15, 2013). "M.T.A. Will End Mystery of Where on the Platform the G Train Stops". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 31, 2013. Retrieved August 24, 2015.
  57. ↑ "'G Train Workout' Shows the 'Hike' and 'Sprint' Required of Riders". DNAinfo New York. Archived from the original on February 7, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  58. ↑ Pasquarelli, Adrianne (May 12, 2013). "Trendy Greenpoint has grown, but G train service hasn't". Crain's New York Business. Archived from the original on April 3, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  59. ↑ Lavin, Talia (May 10, 2018). "How Screwed Will Your Subway Line Be by the L Train Shutdown? F/G Edition". Village Voice. Retrieved May 10, 2018.
  60. ↑ New York City Transit Authority (July 2018). "MTA New York City Transit Canarsie Tunnel Project Supplemental Environmental Assessment and Section 4(f) Review: Final Report" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. p. 13. Retrieved 2018-07-27.
  61. ↑ "Subway Service Guide" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. June 25, 2017. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  62. ↑ Detrick, Ben (January 8, 2014). "Lena Dunham Attends the HBO 'Girls' Season Premiere in Manhattan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on August 5, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  • MTA NYC Transit – G Brooklyn-Queens Crosstown Local
  • MTA Subway Time – G Train
  • "G Subway Timetable, Effective June 24, 2018" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
  • MTA NYC Transit – "NYC Transit G LINE REVIEW"
    • Main document
    • Appendix – service statistics and proposed improvements. Also includes track diagrams, station layouts, and rolling stock.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.