GOST 10859

GOST 10859 (1964) is a standard of the Soviet Union which defined how to encode data on punched cards. This standard allowed a variable word size, depending on the type of data being encoded, but only uppercase characters.

These include the non-ASCII ⏨ ( U+23E8 ⏨ Decimal Exponent Symbol). It was used to express real numbers in scientific notation. For example: 6.0221415⏨23.

The ⏨ character was also part of the ALGOL programming language specifications and was incorporated into the then German character encoding standard ALCOR. GOST 10859 also included numerous other non-ASCII characters/symbols useful to ALGOL programmers, e.g.: ∨, ∧, ⊃, ≡, ¬, ≠, ↑, ↓, ×, ÷, ≤, ≥, °, &, ∅, compare with ALGOL operators.

The ␡ character served the same function as the ␡ in 7-bit ASCII.

4-bit code: Binary-coded decimal


	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	0 0030 0 000	1 0031 1 001	2 0032 2 002	3 0033 3 003	4 0034 4 004	5 0035 5 005	6 0036 6 006	7 0037 7 007	8 0038 8 010	9 0039 9 011	+ 002B 10 012	− 002D 11 013	/ 002F 12 014	, 002C 13 015	. 002E 14 016	DEL 007F 15 017

5-bit code: with BCD & mathematical operators


	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	0 0030 0 000	1 0031 1 001	2 0032 2 002	3 0033 3 003	4 0034 4 004	5 0035 5 005	6 0036 6 006	7 0037 7 007	8 0038 8 010	9 0039 9 011	+ 002B 10 012	− 002D 11 013	/ 002F 12 014	, 002C 13 015	. 002E 14 016	SP 0020 15 017
1_	⏨ 23E8 16 020	↑ 2190 17 021	( 0028 18 022	) 0029 19 023	× 00D7 20 024	= 003D 21 025	; 003B 22 026	[ 005B 23 027	] 005D 24 030	* 002A 25 031	‘ 2018 26 032	’ 2019 27 033	≠ 2260 28 034	< 003C 29 035	> 003E 30 036	DEL 007F 31 037

6-bit code: with only Cyrillic upper-case letters


	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	0 0030 0 000	1 0031 1 001	2 0032 2 002	3 0033 3 003	4 0034 4 004	5 0035 5 005	6 0036 6 006	7 0037 7 007	8 0038 8 010	9 0039 9 011	+ 002B 10 012	- 002D 11 013	/ 002F 12 014	, 002C 13 015	. 002E 14 016	SP 0020 15 017
1_	⏨ 23E8 16 020	↑ 2191 17 021	( 0028 18 022	) 0029 19 023	× 00D7 20 024	= 003D 21 025	; 003B 22 026	[ 005B 23 027	] 005D 24 030	* 002A 25 031	‘ 2018 26 032	’ 2019 27 033	≠ 2260 28 034	< 003C 29 035	> 003E 30 036	: 003B 31 037
2_	А 0410 32 040	Б 0411 33 041	В 0412 34 042	Г 0413 35 043	Д 0414 36 044	Е 0415 37 045	Ж 0416 38 046	З 0417 39 047	И 0418 40 050	Й 0419 41 051	К 041A 42 052	Л 041B 43 053	М 041C 44 054	Н 041D 45 055	О 041E 46 056	П 041F 47 057
3_	Р 0420 48 060	С 0421 49 061	Т 0422 50 062	У 0423 51 063	Ф 0424 52 064	Х 0425 53 065	Ц 0426 54 066	Ч 0427 55 067	Ш 0428 56 070	Щ 0429 57 071	Ы 042A 58 072	Ь 042B 59 073	Э 042C 60 074	Ю 042D 61 075	Я 042E 62 076	DEL 007F 63 077

7-bit code: Cyrillic and Latin upper-case letters


	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	0 0030 0 000	1 0031 1 001	2 0032 2 002	3 0033 3 003	4 0034 4 004	5 0035 5 005	6 0036 6 006	7 0037 7 007	8 0038 8 010	9 0039 9 011	+ 002B 10 012	- 002D 11 013	/ 002F 12 014	, 002C 13 015	. 002E 14 016	SP 0020 15 017
1_	⏨ 23E8 16 020	↑ 2191 17 021	( 0028 18 022	) 0029 19 023	× 00D7 20 024	= 003D 21 025	; 003B 22 026	[ 005B 23 027	] 005D 24 030	* 002A 25 031	‘ 2018 26 032	’ 2019 27 033	≠ 2260 28 034	< 003C 29 035	> 003E 30 036	: 003A 31 037
2_	А 0410 (0041) 32^{[lower-alpha 1]} 040	Б 0411 33 041	В 0412 (0042) 34^{[lower-alpha 1]} 042	Г 0413 35 043	Д 0414 36 044	Е 0415 (0045) 37^{[lower-alpha 1]} 045	Ж 0416 38 046	З 0417 39 047	И 0418 40 050	Й 0419 41 051	К 041A (004A) 42^{[lower-alpha 1]} 052	Л 041B 43 053	М 041C (004C) 44^{[lower-alpha 1]} 054	Н 041D (0048) 45^{[lower-alpha 1]} 055	О 041E (004E) 46^{[lower-alpha 1]} 056	П 041F 47 057
3_	Р 0420 (0050) 48^{[lower-alpha 1]} 060	С 0421 (0043) 49^{[lower-alpha 1]} 061	Т 0422 (0054) 50^{[lower-alpha 1]} 062	У 0423 (0059) 51^{[lower-alpha 1]} 063	Ф 0424 52 064	Х 0425 (0058) 53^{[lower-alpha 1]} 065	Ц 0426 54 066	Ч 0427 55 067	Ш 0428 56 070	Щ 0429 57 071	Ы 042A 58 072	Ь 042B 59 073	Э 042C 60 074	Ю 042D 61 075	Я 042E 62 076	D 0044 63 077
4_	F 0046 64 100	G 0047 65 101	I 0049 66 102	J 004A 67 103	L 004C 68 104	N 004F 69 105	Q 0051 70 106	R 0052 71 107	S 0053 72 110	U 0055 73 111	V 0056 74 112	W 0057 75 113	Z 005A 76 114	‾ 203E 77 115	≤ 2264 78 116	≥ 2265 79 117
5_	∨ 2228 80 120	∧ 2227 81 121	⊃ 2283 82 122	¬ 00AC 83 123	÷ 00F7 84 124	≡ 2261 85 125	% 0025 86 126	◊ 25CA 87 127	\| 007C 88 130	— 2014 89 131	_ 005F 90 132	! 0021 91 133	" 0022 92 134	Ъ 042A 93 135	° 00B0 94 136	' 0027 95 137
6_	→ 2192 96 140	← 2190 97 141	? 003F 98 142	↓ 2193 99 143	∅ 2205 100 144	± 00B1 101 145	∇ 2202 102 146
7_																DEL 007F 127 177

6-bit code: with only Latin upper-case letters


	_0	_1	_2	_3	_4	_5	_6	_7	_8	_9	_A	_B	_C	_D	_E	_F
0_	0 0030 0 000	1 0031 1 001	2 0032 2 002	3 0033 3 003	4 0034 4 004	5 0035 5 005	6 0036 6 006	7 0037 7 007	8 0038 8 010	9 0039 9 011	+ 002B 10 012	- 002D 11 013	/ 002F 12 014	, 002C 13 015	. 002E 14 016	SP 0020 15 017
1_	⏨ 23E8 16 020	↑ 2191 17 021	( 0028 18 022	) 0029 19 023	× 00D7 20 024	= 003D 21 025	; 003B 22 026	[ 005B 23 027	] 005D 24 030	* 002A 25 031	‘ 2018 26 032	’ 2019 27 033	≠ 2260 28 034	< 003C 29 035	> 003E 30 036	: 003A 31 037
2_	A 0041 32 040	B 0042 33 041	C 0043 34 042	D 0044 35 043	E 0045 36 044	F 0046 37 045	G 0047 38 046	H 0048 39 047	I 0049 40 050	J 004A 41 051	K 004B 42 052	L 004C 43 053	M 004D 44 054	N 004E 45 055	O 004F 46 056	P 0050 47 057
3_	Q 0051 48 060	R 0052 49 061	S 0053 50 062	T 0054 51 063	U 0055 52 064	V 0056 53 065	W 0057 54 066	X 0058 55 067	Y 0059 56 070	Z 005A 57 071	∨ 2228 58 072	∧ 2227 59 073	⊃ 2283 60 074	¬ 00AC 61 075	÷ 00F7 62 076	DEL 007F 63 077

Notes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Cyrillic and Latin letters with identical (A, B, C, E, H, K, M, O, P, T, X) and similar (Y/У) glyphs were unified.

References

(in Russian) ГОСТ 10859-64. Машины вычислительные. Коды алфавитно-цифровые для перфокарт и перфолент.
GOST 10859 (from the Computer Museum of University of Amsterdam)
GOST 10859

Character encodings
Early telecommunications	ASCII ISO/IEC 646 ISO/IEC 6937 T.61 BCDIC Baudot code Morse code Telegraph code Wabun code Special telegraphy codes Non-Latin Chinese Cyrillic Needle telegraph codes
ISO/IEC 8859	-1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 -15 -16
Bibliographic use	ANSEL ISO 5426 / 5426-2 / 5427 / 5428 / 6438 / 6861 / 6862 / 10585 / 10586 / 10754 / 11822 MARC-8
National standards	ArmSCII BraSCII CNS 11643 ELOT 927 GOST 10859 GB 18030 HKSCS I.S. 434 ISCII JIS X 0201 JIS X 0208 JIS X 0212 JIS X 0213 KOI-7 KPS 9566 KS X 1001 PASCII SI 960 TIS-620 TSCII VISCII VSCII YUSCII
EUC	CN JP KR TW
ISO/IEC 2022	CN JP KR CCCII
MacOS code pages ("scripts")	Armenian Arabic Barents Cyrillic Celtic CentEuro ChineseSimp / EUC-CN ChineseTrad / Big5 Croatian Cyrillic Devanagari Dingbats Farsi (Persian) Gaelic Georgian Greek Gujarati Gurmukhi Hebrew Iceland Inuit Japanese / ShiftJIS Keyboard Korean / EUC-KR Latin (Kermit) Maltese/Esperanto Ogham / I.S. 434 Roman Romanian Sámi Symbol Thai / TIS-620 Turkish Turkic Latin Turkic Cyrillic Ukrainian
DOS code pages	100 111 112 113 151 152 161 162 163 164 165 166 210 220 301 437 449 489 620 667 668 707 708 709 710 711 714 715 720 721 737 768 770 771 772 773 774 775 776 777 778 790 850 851 852 853 854 855/872 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864/17248 865 866/808 867 868 869 874/1161/1162 876 877 878 881 882 883 884 885 891 895 896 897 898 899 900 903 904 906 907 909 910 911 926 927 928 929 932 934 936 938 941 942 943 944 946 947 948 949 950/1370 951 966 991 1034 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1046 1086 1088 1092 1093 1098 1108 1109 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1125/848 1126 1127 1131/849 1139 1167 1168 1300 1351 1361 1362 1363 1372 1373 1374 1375 1380 1381 1385 1386 1391 1392 1393 1394 CWI-2 Iran System Kamenický KOI8 Mazovia MIK
IBM AIX code pages	367 371 806 813 819 895 896 912 913 914 915 916 919 920 921/901 922/902 923 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 963 964 965 970 971 1004 1006 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1029 1036 1089 1111 1124 1129/1163 1133 1350 1382 1383
IBM Apple MacIntosh emulations	1275 1280 1281 1282 1283 1284 1285 1286
IBM Adobe emulations	1038 1276 1277
IBM DEC emulations	1020 1021 1023 1090 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1287 1288
IBM HP emulations	1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058
Windows code pages	CER-GS 874/1162 (TIS-620) 932/943 (Shift JIS) 936/1386 (GBK) 950/1370 (Big5) 949/1363 (EUC-KR) 1169 1174 Extended Latin-8 1200 (UTF-16LE) 1201 (UTF-16BE) 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259 1261 1270 54936 (GB18030)
EBCDIC code pages	1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37/1140 37-2 38 39 40 251 252 254 256 257 258 259 260 264 273/1141 274 275 276 277/1142 278/1143 279 280/1144 281 282 283 284/1145 285/1146 286 287 288 289 290 293 297/1147 298 300 310 320 321 322 330 351 352 353 355 357 358 359 360 361 363 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 410 420/16804 421 423 424/8616/12712 425 435 500/1148 803 829 833 834 835 836 837 838/838 839 870/1110/1153 871/1149 875/4971/9067 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 892 893 905 918 924 930/1390 931 933/1364 935/1388 937/1371 939/1399 1001 1002 1003 1005 1007 1024 1025/1154 1026/1155 1027 1028 1030 1031 1032 1033 1037 1047 1068 1069 1070 1071 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1087 1091 1097 1112/1156 1113 1122/1157 1123/1158 1130/1164 1132 1136 1137 1150 1151 1152 1159 1165 1166 1278 1279 1303 1364 1376 1377 JEF KEIS
Platform specific	Acorn Adobe Standard Adobe Latin 1 Apple II ATASCII Atari ST BICS Casio calculators CDC CPC DEC Radix-50 DEC MCS/NRCS DG International ELWRO-Junior FIELDATA GEM GEOS GSM 03.38 HP Roman Extension HP Roman-8 HP Roman-9 HP FOCAL HP RPL LICS LMBCS Mattel Aquarius Minitel MSX NEC APC NeXT PCW PETSCII Sharp calculators Sinclair QL Teletext TI calculators TRS-80 Ventura International Ventura Symbol WISCII XCCS ZX80 ZX81 ZX Spectrum
Unicode / ISO/IEC 10646	UTF-1 UTF-7 UTF-8 UTF-16 (UTF-16LE/UTF-16BE) / UCS-2 UTF-32 (UTF-32LE/UTF-32BE) / UCS-4 UTF-EBCDIC GB 18030 BOCU-1 CESU-8 SCSU
TeX typesetting system	Cork LGR LY1 OML OMS OMX OT1 OT2 OT3 OT4 T2A T2B T2C T2D T3 T4 T5 TS1 TS3 U X2
Miscellaneous code pages	ABICOMP APL ARIB STD-B24 HZ INIS INIS-8 ISO-IR-111 ISO-IR-182 ISO-IR-197 ISO-IR-200 ISO-IR-201 Johab SEASCII Stanford/ITS TACE16 TRON UTF-5 UTF-6 WTF-8
Related topics	Code page Control character (C0 C1) CCSID Character encodings in HTML Charset detection Han unification Hardware ISO 6429/IEC 6429/ANSI X3.64 Mojibake
Character sets