하다

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄒᆞ다 (hota).

• IPA^(key)[ha̠da̠]
• Phonetic Hangul[하다]

하다 • (hada) (infinitive 해 or 하여, sequential 하니)

1. …을 하다
   1. to do

      하루 분의 일을 하다

      haru bunui ireul hada

      to do a full day of work

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

      제가 할 수 있어요.

      Jega hal su isseoyo.

      I can do it.

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   2. to make; to arrange; to cook

      내일 먹을 밥을 미리 하다

      naeil meogeul babeul miri hada

      to cook rice ahead for tomorrow

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   3. to express feeling or attitude

      어두운 얼굴을 하다

      eoduun eolgureul hada

      to wear a gloomy face

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   4. to take; to eat; to drink

      술을 좀처럼 하지 않다

      sureul jomcheoreom haji anta

      to rarely drink alcohol

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   5. to wear

      화려한 귀걸이를 하고 나가다

      hwaryeohan gwigeorireul hago nagada

      to go out wearing a fancy earring

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   6. to work in/as; to operate

      조그만 옷가게를 하다

      jogeuman otgagereul hada

      to run a small clothing store

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   7. to play a role; to take a responsibility for

      학생 회장을 하다

      haksaeng hoejang-eul hada

      to be the student body president

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   8. to get a result

      반에서 일등을 하다

      baneseo ildeung-eul hada

      to be at top of one's class

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   9. to buy; to arrange

      휴대폰을 하나 하다

      hyudaeponeul hana hada

      to buy a cell phone

      Audio (South Korea)

      (file)

   10. to reach a certain price

       집 한 채에 십 억이나 한다

       jip han chaee sip eogina handa

       That house is as much as a billion won.

       Audio (South Korea)

       (file)

   11. (in the form of '…값을 하다') to meet an expectation

       밥값은 해야지.

       Bapgapseun haeyaji.

       I will be worthy of food. (I will work.)

   12. (in the form of 'A B 할 것 없이') to say separately

       어른 아이 할 것 없이 모두 들떠 있다.

       Eoreun ai hal geot eopsi modu deultteo itda.

       Everyone is excited regardless of age.

2. …을 —게 하다
   1. to handle; to dispose

      이 사기범을 어떻게 할까요?

      I sagibeomeul eotteoke halkkayo?

      What to do with this swindler?

3. …을 …으로 하다
   1. to make become; to cause to become

      여자를 아내로 하다

      yeojareul anaero hada

      to make a woman become one's wife

   2. to head; to face

      머리를 북쪽으로 하고 자다

      meorireul bukjjogeuro hago jada

      to sleep with the head northward.

   3. to decide

      내일 다시 만나기로 하다

      naeil dasi mannagiro hada

      to decide to meet again tomorrow

4. …을 —고 하다
   1. to call; to name

      다른 말과 뜻이 같은 말을 '동의어'라고 한다.

      Dareun malgwa tteusi gateun mareul dong-uieo rago handa.

      We call a word which means the same with another word a 'synonym'.

5. …으로 하다
   1. (in the form of '해서' or '하여') to be caused by

      이 일로 하여 그는 중징계를 받았다.

      I illo hayeo geuneun jungjinggyereul badatda.

      Due to this incident, he got heavily disciplined.

   2. (in the form of '해서' or '하여') to go via

      부산으로 해서 일본에 갈 생각이다.

      Busaneuro haeseo ilbone gal saenggagida.

      I'm going to visit Japan via Busan.

6. See below:
   1. (in the form of '…쯤 해서') to reach a certain time

      12시 반쯤 해서 갈게.

      12si banjjeum haeseo galge.

      I'll be there around 12:30.

   2. (in the form of '… 하면') to make something a topic

      맥주 하면 역시 독일이다.

      Maekju hamyeon yeoksi dogirida.

      To say about beer, Germany is the best.

7. —고 하다
   1. to say, to talk

      잠깐 쉬자고 하다

      jamkkan swijago hada

      to say "Let's take a rest a bit!"

   2. (in the form of '하는', often '—고 하는' being shorten to '—하는' or '—는') to be that

      잠깐 쉬자는 소리에 나는 그녀를 돌아봤다.

      Jamkkan swijaneun sorie naneun geunyeoreul dorabwatda.

      Hearing a voice saying "Let's take a rest a bit!", I looked back to her.

8. Other uses:
   1. (after enumerating verbs) to do, actually not doing either of them well

      앉았다가 섰다가 하다

      anjatdaga seotdaga hada

      to alternate between sitting down and standing up

   2. (after an indirect question) to think

      그가 무얼 보는가 했더니 만화책이었다.

      Geuga mueol boneun-ga haetdeoni manhwachaegieotda.

      I wondered what he was reading to find it was a comic.

   3. (in the form of '—니 —니 하다') to say
   4. (in the form of '—다 하면') to do, emphasizing inevitability

      쐈다 하면 명중이다.

      Sswatda hamyeon myeongjung-ida.

      Every time he shoots, it hits the mark.

   5. (after a word descripting sound) to sound
   6. (after a quotation not followed by any marker) to say

      그는 "그만!" 하고 외쳤다.

      Geuneun geuman! Hago oechyeotda.

      "Stop!", he yelled.

   7. (in front of a sentence, in the form of '하나', '하니', '하면', '하여', ' 한데', and '해서') 'but', 'so', 'then', 'thus', 'by the way', and 'therefore' respectively.
9. (auxiliary)
   1. (after verb or adjective, in the form of '—게 하다') to make sb/sth do

      아이에게 숙제를 하게 하다

      aiege sukjereul hage hada

      to have a child do the homework

      • • cf.
          아이가 숙제를 한다.

          Aiga sukjereul handa.

          A child does the homework.

      그릇을 깨끗하게 하다

      geureuseul kkaekkeuthage hada

      to make a dish clean

      • • cf.
          그릇이 [[깨끗<span style="background-color:#FEF8EA"><b>하다</b></span>|깨끗하다]].

          Geureusi kkaekkeuthada.

          A dish is clean.

   2. (after verb or adjective, in the form of '—었으면 하다') to wish that

      나는 여름에 비가 덜 내렸으면 한다.

      Naneun yeoreume biga deol naeryeosseumyeon handa.

      I wish that it rained less in summer.

   3. (after verb or adjective, in the form of '—어야 하다') to have to do

      모든 재료는 언제나 신선해야 한다.

      Modeun jaeryoneun eonjena sinseonhaeya handa.

      All ingredients should always be fresh.

      차를 수리받아야 합니다.

      Chareul suribadaya hamnida.

      I need to get my car repaired.

      정오 전에 체크아웃 해야 합니다.

      Jeong-o jeone chekeuaut haeya hamnida.

      I'll have to check out before noon.

   4. (after verb, in the form of '—으려(고) 하다' or '—고자 하다') to intend to

      이번 주말에는 영화를 보려고 한다.

      Ibeon jumareneun yeonghwareul boryeogo handa.

      I'm going to watch a movie this weekend.

   5. (in the form of "verb stem + '—기' + semantic marker + ' 하다') to do, with an emphasis

      그는 자기만 한다.

      Geuneun jagiman handa.

      He only sleeps.

   6. (after verb, in the form of '—고 하다') to do, as a cause

      눈도 오고 해서 일찍 왔다.

      Nundo ogo haeseo iljjik watda.

      'Cause it snows, so I came early.

   7. (after verb, in the form of '—고는 하다' or '—곤 하다') used to do

      시골에 살 적에, 나는 도랑을 따라 걷곤 했다.

      Sigore sal jeoge, naneun dorang-eul ttara geotgon haetda.

      When I lived in countryside, I used to walk along a ditch.

   8. (after adjective, in the form of '—어하다') to feel that sb/sth is

      그는 손녀를 몹시 귀여워했다.

      Geuneun sonnyeoreul mopsi gwiyeowohaetda.

      He loved his granddaughter very much.

하다 (hada) is a productive suffix for creating verbs and adjectives from Korean nouns. For example,

말 (mal, “word, language”) → 말하다 (malhada, “to talk”)

번역 (beonyeok, “translation”) → 번역하다 (beonyeokhada, “to translate”)

사랑 (sarang, “love”) → 사랑하다 (saranghada, “to love”)

• 행하다 (haenghada, “to do”)
• 삼다 (samda, “to make; to cause to become”)
• 마시다 (masida, “to take; to eat; to drink”)

하다 • (hada) (infinitive 해 or 하여, sequential 하니)

1. (in the form of "adjective stem + '—기' + semantic marker + ' 하다') to be, with an emphasis
2. (after adjective, in the form of '—고 하다') to be, as a cause

First attested in the Hunmin jeongeum eonhae (訓民正音諺解本 / 훈민정음언해본), 1446, as Middle Korean 하다 (hata). Suspected to have same root with 크다 (keuda, “big”)

하다 (transliteration needed)

1. many; big
   • Hunminjeongeum Eonhaebon:

     ᄆᆞᄎᆞᆷ내 제 ᄠᅳ들 시러 펴디 몯ᄒᆞᇙ 노미 하니라

     mochomnay ce ptutul sile pyedi mwotholq nwomi hanila.

     ...many of them in the end cannot state their concerns.