어둡다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheonga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 어듭다 (Yale: etupta).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key)[ʌ̹dup̚t͈a̠]
  • Phonetic Hangul[어둡따]
Revised Romanization? eodupda
Revised Romanization (translit.)? eodubda
McCune–Reischauer? ŏdupta
Yale Romanization? etwupqta

Adjective

어둡다 • (eodupda) (irregular, infinitive 어두워, sequential 어두우니)

  1. (to be) dark
    • 복사물이 아주 어둡게 나오는군요.
      Boksamuri aju eodupge naoneun-gunyo.
      Copies are coming out really dark.
  1. (to be) gloomy

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the adjective 어둡다 (eodupda)
Stems
Stem 1 어둡 (eodup)
Stem 2 어두워 (eoduwo)
Stem 3 어두우 (eoduu)
Conjugation type Consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 어둡다
eodupda		 어두워
eoduwo		 어두워요
eoduwoyo		 어둡습니다
eodupseumnida
Past 어두웠다
eoduwotda		 어두웠어
eoduwosseo		 어두웠어요
eoduwosseoyo		 어두웠습니다
eoduwotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 어두우냐
eoduunya		 어두워
eoduwo		 어두워요
eoduwoyo		 어둡습니까
eodupseumnikka
Past 어두웠냐
eoduwonnya		 어두웠어
eoduwosseo		 어두웠어요
eoduwosseoyo		 어두웠습니까
eoduwotseumnikka
Assertive 어둡겠다
eodupgetda		어둡겠어
eodupgesseo		어둡겠어요
eodupgesseoyo		어둡겠습니다
eodupgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 어두워
eoduwo		어두워서
eoduwoseo		어두우니
eoduuni		어두우니까
eoduunikka
Contrast 어둡지만
eodupjiman		어두운데
eoduunde		어둡더니
eodupdeoni
Conjunction 어둡고
eodupgo
Condition 어두우면
eoduumyeon		어두워야
eoduwoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 어두움
eoduum		어둡기
eodupgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 어두웠음
eoduwosseum		어두웠기
eoduwotgi
Determiners Present 어두운
eoduun
Future 어두울
eoduul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 어두우시다
eoduusida		 어두우셔
eoduusyeo		 어두우세요, 어두우셔요
eoduuseyo, eoduusyeoyo		 어두우십니다
eoduusimnida
Past 어두우셨다
eoduusyeotda		 어두우셨어
eoduusyeosseo		 어두우셨어요
eoduusyeosseoyo		 어두우셨습니다
eoduusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 어두우시냐
eoduusinya		 어두우셔
eoduusyeo		 어두우세요, 어두우셔요
eoduuseyo, eoduusyeoyo		 어두우십니까
eoduusimnikka
Past 어두우셨냐
eoduusyeonnya		 어두우셨어
eoduusyeosseo		 어두우셨어요
eoduusyeosseoyo		 어두우셨습니까
eoduusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 어두우시겠다
eoduusigetda		어두우시겠어
eoduusigesseo		어두우시겠어요
eoduusigesseoyo		어두우시겠습니다
eoduusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 어두우셔
eoduusyeo		어두우셔서
eoduusyeoseo		어두우시니
eoduusini		어두우시니까
eoduusinikka
Contrast 어두우시지만
eoduusijiman		어두우신데
eoduusinde		어두우시더니
eoduusideoni
Conjunction 어두우시고
eoduusigo
Condition 어두우시면
eoduusimyeon		어두우셔야
eoduusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 어두우심
eoduusim		어두우시기
eoduusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 어두우셨음
eoduusyeosseum		어두우셨기
eoduusyeotgi
Determiners Present 어두우신
eoduusin
Future 어두우실
eoduusil

References
  • National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (accessed 2007-06-15), “어둡다”, in 표준국어대사전‎
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