蚯蚓

Chinese
earthworm
simp. and trad.
(蚯蚓)		 蚯 蚓
variant forms
 
蚯螾
丘蚓
丘螾
邱蚓
邱螾
丘引 (second-round simplified)

Etymology

Pronunciation
Note:
  • gao6 ung2 - vernacular;
  • kiu1 ing2 - literary.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: qieu hhin (T1)
      • IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiɜ⁵⁵ ɦɪɲ²¹/
Rime
Character 蚯 蚓
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 尤 (136) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 去鳩切 余忍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰɨu/ /jiɪnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰiu/ /jinX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰiəu/ /jenX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰuw/ /jinX/
Li
Rong		 /kʰiu/ /iĕnX/
Wang
Li		 /kʰĭəu/ /jĭĕnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰi̯ə̯u/ /i̯ĕnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qiū yǐn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蚯 蚓
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qiū yǐn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khjuw › ‹ yinX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[k]ʷʰə/ /*[ɢ](r)ə[r]ʔ/
English 蚯蚓 khjuw.yinX earth-worm earth-worm (khjuw.yinX)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蚯 蚓
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 10525 15307
Phonetic
component		 丘 引
Rime
group		 之 眞
Rime
subdivision		 0 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 丘 引
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰʷɯ/ /*linʔ/
Notes 見禮記 說文同螾

Noun

蚯蚓

  1. earthworm (Classifier: 條／条)

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 蚯蚓 (“earthworm”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蚓, 蚯蚓, 蜿蟺, 蜸蚕, 螼蚓
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 蚯蚓
Mandarin Beijing 曲蟮
Taiwan 蚯蚓
Tianjin 地蠶
Harbin 曲蛇
Shenyang 曲蛇
Hailar 蚯蚓
Ulan Hot 曲蛇
Tongliao 蚯蚓
Chifeng 曲蟮
Bayanhot 蚯蚓
Jinan 曲蟮
Muping 曲蛇
Luoyang 曲踡
Wanrong 曲蟮
Wanrong (Ronghe) 蚰蜒
Xi'an 蚰蜒
Qingdao 曲蟮
Zhengzhou 除串
Xining 曲蟮, 泥曲蟮
Xuzhou 地曲, 蚯蚓
Yinchuan 土蟲
Lanzhou 曲蟮
Ürümqi 蚯蚓
Wuhan 曲蟮
Chengdu 曲蟮兒, 蚯蚓
Guiyang 曲蟮
Guilin 蚜蟲
Liuzhou 蚜蟲
Kunming 曲蟮
Yangzhou 曲蟮
Nanjing 曲蟮
Hefei 曲蟮
Nantong 地龍, 寒䘆
Cantonese Guangzhou 黃䘆
Hong Kong 黃䘆, 蚯蚓
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 鵝䘆, 蛇䘆, 禾䘆
Foshan 巷䘆
Shunde 河䘆
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 濠䘆
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 禾䘆, 黃䘆
Taishan 黃䘆
Kaiping (Chikan) 黃䘆
Dongguan 禾䘆
Shaoguan 黃䘆
Yunfu 黃䘆
Xinyi 黃䘆
Lianjiang 泥䘆
Nanning 黃䘆
Wuzhou 黃䘆, 地龍
Yulin 蛆彈
Hepu 土努
Kuala Lumpur 黃䘆
Gan Nanchang 寒螼子, 寒螼
Lichuan 塘蟻
Pingxiang 回䘆
Hakka Meixian 䘆公
Xingning 䘆公
Huidong 䘆公
Qujiang 紅䘆
Xiaosanjiang 黃䘆
Luchuan 紅蟮
Changting 黃䘆
Pingyu 紅䘆
Wuping 黃䘆
Liancheng 黃䘆
Ninghua 河䘆
Yudu 河䘆, 䘆
Ruijin 河䘆
Shicheng 河蟻
Shangyou 䘆公
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 䘆公
Liudui (S. Sixian) 䘆公
Hsinchu (Hailu) 蟲䘆
Dongshi (Dabu) 蟲䘆
Hsinchu (Raoping) 䘆公, 蟲䘆
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 蟲䘆
Hong Kong 蟲䘆
Sabah 紅䘆
Senai 紅䘆
Singkawang 紅䘆, 紅䘆公
Huizhou Shexian 紅蟻
Jin Taiyuan 曲蟮
Xinzhou 茭子魚兒, 曲蟮兒
Baochang 蚯蚓
Jining 蚯蚓
Hohhot 曲蟮
Baotou 蚯蚓
Dongsheng 蚯蚓
Linhe 蚯蚓
Haibowan 蚯蚓
Min Bei Jian'ou 加溜䘆, 地龍 large, 地龍杠 large
Dikou 溜䘆
Jianyang 尿䘆
Wuyishan 地䘆
Shibei 溜䘆
Min Dong Fuzhou 猴蚓, 地龍 large
Changle 猴蚓
Fuqing 琴蚓, 地龍 large
Yongtai 猴蚓
Fu'an 猴蚓
Ningde 猴蚓
Shouning 猴蚓
Zhouning 猴蚓
Fuding 猴蚓
Min Nan Xiamen 杜蚓, 猴蚓
Quanzhou 猴蚓
Jinjiang 猴蚓
Zhangzhou 杜蚓
Taipei 牛貫, 杜蚓仔, 杜蚓
Kaohsiung 杜蚓仔
Tainan 杜蚓仔
Taichung 杜蚓仔
Wuqi 杜蚓
Hsinchu 杜蚓
Taitung 杜蚓
Lukang 杜蚓
Sanxia 杜蚓
Yilan 杜蚓
Kinmen 杜蚓
Magong 塗蚓, 杜蚓
Penang cacing
Singapore 杜蚓, 猴蚓
Philippines (Manila) 猴蚓
Pingnan 杜蚓
Chaozhou 蚯蚓
Shantou 蚯蚓
Haifeng 蚯蚓
Johor Bahru 蚯蚓
Wenchang 餌龍
Haikou 塗蚓, 餌龍
Leizhou 塗蚓𧊗
Puxian Min Putian 猴蚓
Xianyou 猴蚓
Pinghua Nanning 土䏰
Guilin 蚯青
Wu Shanghai 曲蟮, 蚯蚓
Suzhou 曲蟮
Wuxi 蚯蚓, 曲蟮
Hangzhou 曲蟮
Wenzhou 康䘆
Chongming 觸蟮
Danyang 曲蟮
Jinhua 水麵, 蟮麵
Ningbo 曲蟮
Xiang Changsha 曲蟮子
Shuangfeng 曲染子
Xiangtan 曲線子
Loudi 曲蟮子, 曲蟮
Quanzhou 蚜蟲

Derived terms
  • 海蚯蚓
  • 蚯蚓瘴
  • 蚯蚓竅／蚯蚓窍

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (蚯蚓):

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
蚯 蚓
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
Irregular

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓)

Pronunciation
  • (Irregular reading)

Noun

蚯蚓 (counter 匹, hiragana みみず, katakana ミミズ, rōmaji mimizu) (alternative reading hiragana めめず, romaji memezu)

  1. an earthworm (worm (animal))
    • 2005 August 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第だい六十四訓くん　キャラクターはシルエットだけで読どく者しゃに見み分わけがつくように描かき分わけよう [Lesson 64: Characters Should Be Drawn So That Readers Can Make Them Out with just the Silhouettes]”, in 銀ぎん魂たま [Silver Soul], volume 8 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
      どっかでミミズに小 (しょう)便 (べん)でも　ひっかけてきたんじゃないかィ？腫 (は)れるっていうよね
      Dokka de mimizu ni shōben demo hikkaketekitan ja nai ki? Harerutte iu yo ne
      Did you piss on a worm somewhere? You said swollen right?
      何 (なに)言 (い)っちゃってんの　迷 (めい)信 (しん)だろそんな…
      Nani itchatten no Meishin daro sonna…
      What you talkin’ about? That’s just a superstition…
Usage notes
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 蚯蚓 (みみず)書 (が)き (mimizugaki)
  • 蚯蚓 (ミミズ)蜥蜴 (トカゲ) (mimizu tokage, “worm lizard”)
  • 蚯蚓 (みみず)鳴 (な)く (mimizunaku)
  • 蚯蚓 (みみず)ののたくったよう (mimizu no notakutta yō)
  • 蚯蚓 (みみず)鯊 (はぜ) (mimizuhaze)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
蚯 蚓
きゅう
Hyōgaiji		 いん
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蚯蚓 (khjuw yinX). Compare modern Mandarin 蚯蚓 (qiūyǐn).

Pronunciation

Noun

蚯蚓 (hiragana きゅういん, rōmaji kyūin, historical hiragana きういん)

  1. an earthworm (worm (animal))

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
蚯蚓

Noun

蚯蚓 • (gu-in) (hangeul 구인)

  1. Hanja form? of 구인 (“earthworm”).
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