Demographics of Togo

The demographics of Togo include ethnicity, population density, age, education level, health, economic status and religious affiliation.

Togolese people
Languages
French and Regional languages
Religion
Christianity, Islam, Traditional religions

Language and ethnicity

Togo's population of 7.89 million people (2018 est.) is composed of about 21 ethnic groups, the two biggest being the Tèm in the Centre (Bafilo, Sokodé, Sotouboua (about 22% of the population); they also live in Ghana and Bénin in big numbers. Tèms have a lot ties with 2/3 of the country as they live in the center of Togo. They exercise diversely almost all occupations from farmers, motors mechanic to business people] and Ewé in the South (about 21% of the population)). Dagomba is the first most common language in the north, where other Gur languages such as Mossi and Gourma are also found.

The ethnic groups of the coastal region, particularly Ewe and Gen language (or Mina) (the two major African languages in the south), constitute the bulk of the civil servants, professionals, and merchants, due in part to the former colonial administrations which provided greater infrastructure development in the south. Most of the southern peoples use these two closely related languages, which are spoken in commercial sectors throughout Togo.

The Kabye live on marginal land and traditionally have emigrated south from their home area in the Kara region to seek employment. Their historical means of social advancement has been through the military and law enforcement forces, and they continue to dominate these services.

Other groups include the Akposso on the Central Plateau, the Ana people who are related to the Yoruba, and live in the center of the country, in the strip between Atakpame and Tchamba, the Bassar in the Centre-West, the Tchamba in the Centre-East and the Konkombas in the upper region of Bassar, the Lambas in the Kandé region, the Hausa, the Tamberma, the Losso and the Ouachi.

Indians have a presence in Togo. White African settlers descended from the original French and German colonials make up less than 1% of the total population along with Togo's minute Lebanese community. The remaining 99% are indigenous: most people in this category hail from one of thirty-seven different tribes.

Population

Population distribution is very uneven due to soil and terrain variations. The population is generally concentrated in the south and along the major north-south highway connecting the coast to the Sahel. Age distribution is also uneven; nearly one-half of Togolese are less than fifteen years old.

French, the official language, is used in administration and documentation. The public primary schools combine French with Ewe or Kabye as languages of instruction, depending on the region. English is spoken in neighboring Ghana and is taught in Togolese secondary schools. As a result, many Togolese, especially in the south and along the Ghana border, speak some English.

Demographics of Togo, Data of FAO, year 2005 ; Number of inhabitants in thousands.
Population census results[1]
Census date Population Average annual
growth (%)		 Population
density/km2		 Proportion
urban (%)
1-11-19581,444,481.259.4
1-3-19701,950,6462.73421.2
22-11-19812,719,5672.94825.2
6-11-20106,191,1552.910937.7

According to the 2019 revision of the World Population Prospects[2][3] the total population was 7,889,093 in 2018, compared to only 1 395 000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 39.6%, 56.9% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.4% was 65 years or older .[4]

Total population Population aged 0–14 (%) Population aged 15–64 (%) Population aged 65+ (%)
1950 1 395 00041.354.44.3
1955 1 475 00041.954.13.9
1960 1 578 00042.653.83.6
1965 1 700 00043.653.13.3
1970 2 097 00044.852.13.1
1975 2 380 00045.951.13.1
1980 2 667 00046.650.33.1
1985 3 161 00046.750.23.1
1990 3 666 00046.050.93.1
1995 4 085 00044.852.13.1
2000 4 794 00043.253.63.1
2005 5 408 00041.555.23.3
2010 6 028 00039.656.93.4

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Togo not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [4]

Period Live births per year Deaths per year Natural change per year CBR* CDR* NC* TFR* IMR*
1950-195568 00043 00025 00047.229.717.66.33191
1955-196072 00040 00032 00047.426.421.06.42172
1960-196579 00039 00040 00048.023.624.46.65154
1965-197092 00040 00052 00048.521.227.36.94138
1970-1975109 00042 00066 00048.618.929.77.20124
1975-1980121 00044 00077 00048.017.330.77.28113
1980-1985135 00046 00089 00046.215.730.57.06105
1985-1990149 00049 000101 00043.814.329.56.5897
1990-1995159 00051 000108 00041.113.128.05.9991
1995-2000171 00055 000116 00038.512.326.15.3884
2000-2005183 00060 000124 00035.911.724.24.8377
2005-2010190 00065 000125 00033.211.321.94.3074
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Fertility and births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[5][6][7]

Year CBR (Total) TFR (Total) CBR (Urban) TFR (Urban) CBR (Rural) TFR (Rural)
1998 35,5 5,2 (4,2) 27,7 3,2 (2,6) 38,6 6,3 (5,2)
2013 32,9 4,8 (4,1) 32,2 3,7 (3,1) 33,2 5,7 (4,9)
2017 31.6 4.4 28.9 3.3 33.1 5.2

Fertility data as of 2013-2014 and 2017 (DHS Program):[8][7]

Region Total fertility rate
(2013/14)		 Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant Mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49 Total fertility rate
(2017)
Lomé3.56.23.7 3.1
Maritime (except Lomé)5.29.55.1 4.2
Plateaux5.210.65.4 4.9
Centrale5.17.25.7 5.3
Kara5.39.76.1 5.1
Savanes6.09.37.3 5.7

Life expectancy at birth
Period Life expectancy in
Years[9]
1950–1955 35.30
1955–1960 38.66
1960–1965 41.89
1965–1970 45.02
1970–1975 48.07
1975–1980 50.93
1980–1985 53.58
1985–1990 55.41
1990–1995 55.78
1995–2000 53.71
2000–2005 53.88
2005–2010 55.80
2010–2015 59.07

Other demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics of Togo in 2019 are from the World Population Review.[10]

  • One birth every 2 minutes
  • One death every 8 minutes
  • One net migrant every 288 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 3 minutes

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[11]

Population
8,176,449 (July 2018 est.)

Age structure
Population pyramid of Togo in 2017
0-14 years: 40.13% (male 1,646,438 /female 1,634,609)
15-24 years: 19.1% (male 779,774 /female 782,192)
25-54 years: 32.96% (male 1,339,150 /female 1,356,020)
55-64 years: 4.34% (male 167,575 /female 187,432)
65 years and over: 3.46% (male 122,175 /female 161,084) (2018 est.)

Median age
total: 19.9 years. Country comparison to the world: 196th
male: 19.6 years
female: 20.1 years (2018 est.)

Birth rate
32.8 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 30th

Death rate
6.8 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 135th

Total fertility rate
4.32 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 26th

Population growth rate
2.61% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 18th

Mother's mean age at first birth
21 years (2013/14 est.)
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Contraceptive prevalence rate
19.9% (2013/14)

Demographic profile

Togo’s population is estimated to have grown to four times its size between 1960 and 2010. With nearly 60% of its populace under the age of 25 and a high annual growth rate attributed largely to high fertility, Togo’s population is likely to continue to expand for the foreseeable future. Reducing fertility, boosting job creation, and improving education will be essential to reducing the country’s high poverty rate. In 2008, Togo eliminated primary school enrollment fees, leading to higher enrollment but increased pressure on limited classroom space, teachers, and materials. Togo has a good chance of achieving universal primary education, but educational quality, the underrepresentation of girls, and the low rate of enrollment in secondary and tertiary schools remain concerns.[11]

Population distribution

one of the more densely populated African nations with most of the population residing in rural communities, density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast.[11]

Net migration rate
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 99th

Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 81.2 (2015 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 76.2 (2015 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 5.1 (2015 est.)
potential support ratio: 19.8 (2015 est.)

Urbanization
urban population: 41.7% of total population (2018)
rate of urbanization: 3.76% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Life expectancy at birth
total population: 65.8 years
male: 63.1 years
female: 68.6 years (2018 est.)
total population: 54.69 years
male: 52.75 years
female: 56.7 years (2000 est.)

Ethnic groups

African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Tém in the centre and Kabyè in the north; and Ewé, Mina in the south) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%

Religions[12]
  • Christian 29%
  • Islam 20%...40% ?(To be verified)
  • Indigenous beliefs 51%. Some of those who consider themselves as Muslims or Christians are still practicing aside Indigenous beliefs (hidden or not) and still believe in their ancestors.

HIV Prevalence

Adult infection rate 2.1% (2017 est.)

People living with HIV/Aids 110,000 (2017 est.)

Death rate 4,700 (2017 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2000 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 63.7%
male: 77.3%
female: 51.2% (2015 est.)
'total population: 51.7%
male: 67%
female: 37% (1995 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 13 years
male: 14 years NA
female: 11 years NA (2017)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 2.8%
male: 3.4%
female: 2.2% (2011 est.)

References
  1. "INSEED - Statistique Togo". Stat-togo.org. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  2. ""World Population prospects – Population division"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  3. ""Overall total population" – World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision" (xslx). population.un.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
  4. Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived May 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  5. "TROISIÈME ENQUÊTE DÉMOGRAPHIQUE ET DE SANTÉ (EDST-III 2013-2014)" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
  6. "1998 Census" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
  7. "The DHS Program - Togo". dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 2019-12-17.
  8. "TROISIÈME ENQUÊTE DÉMOGRAPHIQUE ET DE SANTÉ (EDST-III 2013-2014)" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
  9. "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  10. "Togo Population 2019", World Population Review, June 6, 2018
  11. Togo: People, CIA World Factbook, 2018 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  12. "Africa :: TOGO". CIA The World Factbook. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.