Timeline of the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98)

Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598)

Pre-war

YearDateEvent
1544Wokou raid Saryang-jin[1]
1555Wokou raid Joseon[1]
1583I Sunsin defeats a Jurchen force near the Tumen River[2]
1587I Sunsin is demoted to a common soldier after annoying I Il[2]
Toyotomi Hideyoshi sends an insulting letter to the Joseon court[3]
1588Toyotomi Hideyoshi sends envoys asking the Joseon court to aid them in invading the Ming dynasty[4]
1589Toyotomi Hideyoshi orders Shō Nei of the Ryukyu Kingdom to suspend trade with the Ming dynasty, but he refuses and reports the matter to Ming envoys instead[5]
15904 AugustSiege of Odawara (1590): The Later Hōjō clan is defeated and most of the northern daimyō submit without a fight[6]
AugustJoseon envoys arrived in Japan[7]
1591MarchEnvoys return to Joseon and refuse to aid Japan in invading the Ming dynasty[8]
8 MarchI Sunsin is appointed to the post Left Naval Commander of Jeolla following Ryu Seong-ryong's recommendation[9]
A Chinese trader captured by the Japanese sends a message to Zhejiang stating that 100,000 Japanese troops are being amassed to invade the following year[5]
The Wanli Emperor orders coastal defenses to be strengthened[5]
Joseon sends a request for help to the Ming dynasty[5]
1592AprilThe Japanese army assembles at Nagoya[10]

1592

YearDateEvent
159223 MayThe Japanese First Division under Konishi Yukinaga and Sō Yoshitoshi arrive at Busan[11]
24 MaySiege of Busanjin: Japanese First Division takes Busan[12]
Battle of Dadaejin: Japanese First Division takes a neighboring coastal fort[12]
25 MaySiege of Dongnae: Japanese First Division takes Dongnae[12]
26 MayJapanese First Division takes Yangsan and Miryang[13]
28 MayJapanese First Division takes Daegu[13]
Japanese Second Division under Katō Kiyomasa arrives in Busan and takes Ulsan, Gyeongju, Yeongcheon, Sinnyeong, and Gumi[14]
29 MayJapanese Third Division under Kuroda Nagamasa arrives west of Busan and takes Gimhae before heading north[14]
3 JuneBattle of Sangju: Japanese First Division takes Sangju[15]
4 JuneJapanese Third Division takes Cheongju[16]
5 JuneJapanese First and Second divisions meet up at Mungyeong[15]
6 JuneBattle of Chungju: Japanese First Division takes Chungju[17]
8 JuneGwanghae is installed as prince[18]
9 JuneThe Joseon royal family departs from Hanseong and the city descends into chaos[18]
11 JuneKatō Kiyomasa's Second Division crosses the Han River[19]
12 JuneJapanese First Division takes Hanseong and the Second Division arrives a few hours later[19]
13 JuneI Sunsin's fleet of 39 warships depart from Yeosu[20]
14 JuneI Sunsin arrives at Dangpo to rendezevouz with Won Gyun, who doesn't show up[20]
15 JuneWon Gyun arrives at Dangpo with 4 warships and together they depart for Geoje[20]
16 JuneKuroda Nagamasa's Third Division and Ukita Hideie's Eighth Division arrive at Hanseong while the other five divisions have landed at Busan[19]
I Sunsin's fleet reaches Okpo where they find Japanese ships at anchor[20]
The Joseon royal family arrives at Pyeongyang[21]
17 JuneBattle of Okpo: I Sunsin and Won Gyun defeat a fleet of 50 Japanese transport ships, but split up and return home after receiving news of the fall of Hanseong[22]
18 JuneI Sunsin arrives back at Yeosu[22]
7 JulyBattle of Imjin River (1592): The Korean defense is defeated and the three vanguard Japanese divisions cross the river and take Gaeseong[23]
8 JulyBattle of Sacheon (1592): I Sunsin destroys more than 12 large Japanese ships at Sacheon[24]
9 JulyBattle of Dangpo: I Sunsin defeats a fleet of 21 Japanese warships[24]
12 JulyBattle of Danghangpo: I Sunsin's fleet destroys 26 Japanese ships[24]
16 JulyKonishi Yukinaga arrives at the Daedong River and Kuroda Nagamasa joins him a few days later[25]
18 JulyThe Korean fleet dissolves and each commander heads back to their respective ports to recuperate[26]
19 JulySeonjo of Joseon departs from Pyeongyang and heads for Yeongbyeon[27]
24 JulySiege of Pyongyang (1592): Japanese First and Third divisions take Pyeongyang[27]
26 JulySeonjo of Joseon meets a token force of 1,000 from the Ming dynasty at Gwaksan[28]
30 JulySeonjo of Joseon arrives at Uiju with Tai Zhaobian and Shi Ru[29]
JulyGwak Jaeu leads a force of 1,000 in resistance against Japanese occupation in the south but later enters government service when he's accused of robbery[30]
7 AugustGo Gyeong-myeong dies in a failed attack on Japanese held Geumsan[31]
8 AugustThe Ming dynasty decides to dispatch troops to Joseon[28]
10 AugustI Eokgi joins with I Sunsin at Yeosu to practice naval formations[32]
12 AugustI Sunsin and I Eokgi rendezvouz with Won Gyun at Noryang[33]
14 AugustBattle of Hansan Island: I Sunsin, I Eokgi, and Won Gyun defeat a Japanese fleet[34]
15 AugustBattle of Hansan Island:I Sunsin, I Eokgi, and Won Gyun defeat another Japanese fleet at Angolpo[34]
Zhao Chengxun arrives at Uiju with a force of 5,000[28]
23 AugustBattle of Pyongyang (1592): Zhao Chengxun and Shi Ru attack Pyeongyang and are defeated[35]
AugustGim Cheonil entrenches himself on Ganghwa Island[36]
6 SeptemberBattle of Cheongju: Jo Heon takes Cheongju[16]
12 SeptemberKonishi Yukinaga heads to Hanseong to discuss future defense plans with Ukita Hideie[35]
22 SeptemberJo Heon attacks Geumsan and dies and the monk Yeonggyu follows up soon after and dies as well[37]
29 SeptemberI Sunsin and I Eokgi set sail from Yeosu with a reconstructed fleet of 166 ships and Won Gyun joins them the day after[38]
3 OctoberKuroda Nagamasa fails to take Yeonan[37]
4 OctoberI Sunsin's fleet reaches Nakdong River[39]
A 50-day armistice is signed by Shen Weijing at Pyeongyang[40]
5 OctoberBattle of Busan (1592): I Sunsin's fleet bombards the Japanese fleet and destroys 130 ships before retreating[39]
6 OctoberThe Wanli Emperor sends an edict to Seonjo of Joseon stating his support for driving out the Japanese[35]
I Sunsin's fleet is disbanded and he returns home for resupplies[39]
Kuroda Nagamasa fails to take Yeonan again[37]
12 OctoberBak Jin retakes Gyeongju[41]
OctoberHamgyong campaign: Katō Kiyomasa's Second Division occupies Hamgyeong[30]
Nurhaci offers to join the war against the Japanese but is rejected by both the Ming dynasty and Joseon[39]
13 NovemberSiege of Jinju (1592): Japanese Seventh Division fails to take Jinju[42]
23 DecemberShen Weijing returns to Pyeongyang and tells the Japanese that there would be no further negotiations until they retreat all the way back to Busan[40]
29 DecemberKonishi Yukinaga tells Shen Weijing that they would withdraw from Pyeongyang if the Ming dynasty gave them rights to ports along China's coast[43]

1593

YearDateEvent
15935 JanuaryWu Weizhong leads 5,000 men across the Yalu River[44]
26 JanuaryLi Rusong's army of 35,000 reaches the Yalu River[45]
6 FebruarySiege of Pyongyang (1593): The allied Ming-Joseon army lays siege to Pyeongyang[45]
The Ayutthaya Kingdom's offer to send ships is rejected by the Ming dynasty[46]
8 FebruarySiege of Pyongyang (1593): Konishi Yukinaga's First Division retreats from Pyeongyang, ending the siege[47]
17 FebruaryKonishi Yukinaga's remaining men reache Hanseong[48]
19 FebruaryLi Rusong takes Gaeseong[48]
22 FebruaryKatō Kiyomasa and Nabeshima Naoshige's Second Division depart from Anbyeon and make their way back to Hanseong[48]
27 FebruaryBattle of Byeokjegwan: The Ming army's advance towards Hanseong is repelled[49]
8 MarchI Sunsin leaves for Geoje where he and Won Gyun rendezvous[50]
9 MarchI Eokgi joins I Sunsin and Won Gyun[50]
14 MarchBattle of Haengju: The Japanese fail to take Haengju on the Han River[51]
20 MarchI Sunsin destroys 10 Japanese vessels near Ungchon[50]
24 MarchI Sunsin attacks Ungchon and releases five Korean prisoners[50]
3 MayI Sunsin returns to Yeosu[52]
7 MayLi Rusong returns to Gaeseong[52]
18 MayThe Japanese abandon Hanseong[53]
19 MayThe Ming army retakes Hanseong[51]
May"Big Sword" Liu Ting crosses the Yalu River with 5,000 Southern Chinese reinforcements[46]
22 JuneXie Yongzu and Yu Yihuan negotiate with Konishi Yukinaga at Nagoya[54]
JuneThe Japanese retreat to 17 fortresses on Korea's southern coast and the allied army makes camp at Uiryeong and Changnyeong[55]
27 JulySiege of Jinju (1593): The Japanese conduct a massacre at Jinju[56]
1 SeptemberHideyoshi Toyotomi gives the order to withdraw 40,000 troops from Korea.[57]
16 SeptemberMost of the Ming army departs from Korea, leaving a garrison force of 16,000[58]
24 OctoberSeonjo of Joseon returns to Hanseong[59]

1594

YearDateEvent
1594AprilI Sunsin destroys 39 Japanese ships[60]
DecemberAll Ming soldiers are withdrawn from Korea[57]

1596

YearDateEvent
159622 OctoberNegotiations break down as Hideyoshi Toyotomi realizes the Ming and Joseon envoys aren't in Japan to show obeisance to the greatness of Nippon civilization[61]

1597

YearDateEvent
15971 MarchKatō Kiyomasa lands at Jukdo with 10,000 men[62]
2 MarchKonishi Yukinaga arrives at Busan with 7,000 men[62]
12 AprilI Sunsin is arrested and replaced by Won Gyun[63]
16 MayI Sunsin is released from prison[64]
JuneYang Yuan crosses the Yalu River with 3,000 soldiers[65]
31 JulyWon Gyun leads a fleet east from Hansando but returns after meeting a small squadron of Japanese ships at Geoje[66]
JulyYang Yuan reaches Namweon[67]
15 AugustMa Gui arrives at Hanseong with 1,000 troops[68]
17 AugustWon Gyun takes the entire fleet and sails east to Busan[66]
20 AugustBattle of Chilcheollyang: The Korean fleet is repelled near Busan[69]
28 AugustBattle of Chilcheollyang: Nearly the entire Korean fleet is destroyed, Won Gyun and I Eokgi are both killed[69]
AugustTotal Japanese forces in Korea reach 141,900[62]
11 SeptemberUkita Hideie marches west from Busan with a force of 49,600[70]
13 SeptemberI Sunsin is reinstated[71]
23 SeptemberSiege of Namwon: A Japanese army of 50,000 lays siege to Namweon[72]
26 SeptemberSiege of Namwon: The Japanese take Namweon[73]
The Japanese take Hwangseoksan[74]
28 SeptemberI Sunsin arrives at Hoeryeong[75]
30 SeptemberThe Japanese take Jeonju[74]
4 OctoberYang Yuan retreats to Hanseong[74]
8 OctoberI Sunsin scares off an advance Japanese scout party at Oranpo[75]
16 OctoberBattle of Jiksan: The Japanese advance north is checked[76]
17 OctoberThe Japanese take Oranpo but are repelled at Jindo[77]
24 October200 Japanese ships approach Oranpo[77]
26 OctoberBattle of Myeongnyang: The Japanese fleet is repelled by I Sunsin[78]
23 NovemberMa Gui arrives at Jeonju[79]

1598

YearDateEvent
159826 JanuaryYang Hao, Ma Gui, and Gwon Ryul meet at Gyeongju, forming an army of 50,000[80]
29 JanuarySiege of Ulsan: The allied army lays siege to Ulsan[81]
19 FebruarySiege of Ulsan: The allies fail to take Ulsan and retreat, suffering heavy casualties[82]
23 MayI Sunsin leads his ships to establish base at Gogeum[83]
MayChen Lin arrives at Tongjak with the Ming fleet[84]
26 JuneToyotomi Hideyoshi orders the withdrawal of half his troops from Korea[81]
JulyLiu Ting arrives at Hanseong with 20,000 troops[85]
12 AugustYang Hao leaves Hanseong to face charges against him in Beijing[86]
17 AugustChen Lin arrives at Gogeum and joins with I Sunsin[87]
18 SeptemberHideyoshi Toyotomi dies[88]
19 OctoberSiege of Suncheon: Allied forces lay siege to Suncheon[89]
OctoberSecond Siege of Ulsan: Allied forces lay siege to Ulsan[90]
2 NovemberSecond Siege of Ulsan: Allied forces retreat from Ulsan[91]
Siege of Suncheon: Allied forces retreat from Suncheon[92]
6 NovemberBattle of Sacheon (1598): Allied forces lay siege to Sacheon[93]
11 NovemberBattle of Sacheon (1598): Allied forces are forced to retreat from Sacheon[94]
16 DecemberBattle of Noryang: The Japanese fleet is defeated by I Sunsin[95]
24 DecemberThe last Japanese ships leave Korea[96]

See also

References

  • 이민웅 [Lee, Min-Woong], 임진왜란 해전사 [Imjin Wae-ran Haejeonsa: The Naval Battles of the Imjin War], 청어람미디어 [Chongoram Media], 2004, ISBN 89-89722-49-7.
  1. 1 2 Turnbull 2008, p. 8.
  2. 1 2 Turnbull 2008, p. 16.
  3. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 88-89.
  4. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 89.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Turnbull 2008, p. 9.
  6. ↑ Turnbull 2008, p. 14.
  7. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 93.
  8. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 96.
  9. ↑ Turnbull 2008, p. 17.
  10. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 110.
  11. ↑ Swope 2009, p. 89.
  12. 1 2 3 Turnbull 2008, p. 10.
  13. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 150.
  14. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 157.
  15. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 160.
  16. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 278.
  17. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 164.
  18. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 167.
  19. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 170.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Hawley 2005, p. 188.
  21. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 211.
  22. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 191.
  23. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 220.
  24. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 204.
  25. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 224.
  26. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 207.
  27. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 227.
  28. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 243.
  29. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 231.
  30. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 268.
  31. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 271.
  32. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 232.
  33. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 235.
  34. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 239.
  35. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 246.
  36. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 275.
  37. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 282.
  38. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 249.
  39. 1 2 3 4 Hawley 2005, p. 250.
  40. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 253.
  41. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 285.
  42. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 290.
  43. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 303.
  44. ↑ Turnbull 2008, p. 54.
  45. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 304.
  46. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 337.
  47. ↑ Turnbull 2008, p. 61.
  48. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 311.
  49. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 314.
  50. 1 2 3 4 Hawley 2005, p. 326.
  51. 1 2 Turnbull 2008, p. 63.
  52. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 330.
  53. ↑ Swope 2009, p. 170.
  54. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 347.
  55. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 341.
  56. ↑ Turnbull 2008, p. 71.
  57. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 365.
  58. ↑ Swope 2009, p. 177.
  59. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 369.
  60. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 376.
  61. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 412.
  62. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 436.
  63. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 425.
  64. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 430.
  65. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 439.
  66. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 446.
  67. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 443.
  68. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 465.
  69. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 450.
  70. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 455.
  71. ↑ Swope 2009, p. 240.
  72. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 457.
  73. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 458.
  74. 1 2 3 Hawley 2005, p. 462.
  75. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 468.
  76. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 467.
  77. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 471.
  78. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 475.
  79. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 487.
  80. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 491.
  81. 1 2 Hawley 2005, p. 500.
  82. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 495.
  83. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 503.
  84. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 507.
  85. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 510.
  86. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 518.
  87. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 514.
  88. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 517.
  89. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 528.
  90. ↑ Swope 2009, p. 268.
  91. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 533.
  92. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 531.
  93. ↑ Swope 2009, p. 269.
  94. ↑ Swope 2009, p. 270.
  95. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 538.
  96. ↑ Hawley 2005, p. 541.

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