Provinces of Vietnam

Vietnam
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Vietnam
Administrative Units
of Vietnam
First Tier
Second Tier
Third Tier

On the First Tier, Vietnam is divided into 58 provinces (Vietnamese: tỉnh) and 5 municipalities (Vietnamese: thành phố trực thuộc trung ương). Municipalities are the highest-ranked cities in Vietnam.[1] Municipality are centrally-controlled cities and have special status equal to the provinces.

The provinces are divided into Provincial Cities, Towns and Rural Districts as the Second Tier units. At the Third Tier, Provincial City and Town is divided into Ward and Commune, while Rural District is divided into Townships (thị trấn) and Communes.

Governance

People's Council

Vietnamese provinces are controlled by a People's Council (Hội Đồng Nhân Dân), elected by the inhabitants. The number of councilors varies from province to province, depending on the population of that province. The People's Council appoints a People's Committee, which acts as the executive arm of the provincial government. This arrangement is a somewhat simplified version of the situation in Vietnam's national government. Provincial governments are expected to be subordinate to the central government.

People's Committee

The People's Committee (Uỷ Ban Nhân Dân) is, as mentioned previously, the executive arm at provincial level, and is responsible for formulating and implementing policy. It may be thought of as the equivalent of a cabinet. The People's Committee will have a Chairman and a Vice-Chairman, and between nine and eleven ordinary members.

People's Court

The People's Court (Tòa án Nhân dân) is the judiciary branch at provincial level and responsible for judiciary trials. The People's Court is headed by a Chief Judge.

List and statistics

A clickable map of Vietnam exhibiting its 58 provinces and 5 centrally controlled municipalities.
Lai Châu ProvinceHà Giang ProvinceLào Cai ProvinceĐiện Biên ProvinceChinaLaosThailandCambodiaSơn La ProvinceYên Bái ProvinceCao Bằng ProvinceBắc Kạn ProvinceTuyên Quang ProvinceLạng Sơn ProvinceQuảng Ninh ProvinceThái Nguyên ProvincePhú Thọ ProvinceHai Phong ProvinceThái Bình ProvinceNam Định ProvinceBắc Giang ProvinceHa NoiHòa Bình ProvinceNinh Bình ProvinceThanh Hóa ProvinceNghệ An ProvinceHà Tĩnh ProvinceQuảng Bình ProvinceQuảng Trị ProvinceDa NangBình Định ProvinceQuảng Nam ProvinceQuảng Ngãi ProvinceKon Tum ProvinceGia Lai ProvinceThừa Thiên-Huế ProvinceĐắk Lắk ProvincePhú Yên ProvinceKhánh Hòa ProvinceĐắk Nông ProvinceNinh Thuận ProvinceLâm Đồng ProvinceBình Thuận ProvinceBình Phước ProvinceTây Ninh ProvinceBình Dương ProvinceĐồng Nai ProvinceBà Rịa-Vũng Tàu ProvinceHo Chi Minh CityLong An ProvinceAn Giang ProvinceKiên Giang ProvinceCà Mau ProvinceTiền Giang ProvinceCần Thơ ProvinceVĩnh Long ProvinceBến Tre ProvinceTrà Vinh ProvinceHậu Giang ProvinceSóc Trăng ProvinceBạc Liêu ProvinceVĩnh Phúc ProvinceHa NoiBắc Ninh ProvinceHải Dương ProvinceHưng Yên ProvinceHà Nam ProvinceVĩnh Phúc ProvinceHa NoiBắc Ninh ProvinceHải Dương ProvinceHưng Yên ProvinceHà Nam ProvinceA clickable map of Vietnam exhibiting its provinces.
About this image

According to the census results of April 1, 2009, the population of Vietnam is 85,789,573 people. The most populous top-level administrative unit in Vietnam is Hồ Chí Minh City, one of the five centrally governed cities. It has 7,123,340 people living within its official boundaries. The second most populous administrative unit is the recently expanded Hà Nội with 6,448,837 people. Prior to the expansion of the capital city, this rank belonged to Thanh Hóa with 3,400,239 people. The least populous is Bắc Kạn, a mountainous province in the remote northeast with 294,660 people.[2]

In land area, the largest province is Nghệ An, which runs from the city of Vinh up the wide Sông Cả valley. The smallest is Bắc Ninh, located in the populous Red River Delta region.

The following is a table of Vietnam's provinces broken down by population and area, April 1, 2009.[3]

Province/City Capital/Administrative center Area (km²)
[3]		 Population
[3]		 Density (/km²)
[3]		 % Urban
[3]		 HDI (2012)
[4]		 GDP per capita
(2011 PPP US$)[4]		 Region
Bắc Giang Province Bắc Giang 3,827.4 1,554,131 406.1 9.4 0.711 1,909.44 Northeast
Bắc Kạn Province Bắc Kạn 4,868.4 293,826 60.4 16.1 0.685 1,766.68 Northeast
Cao Bằng Province Cao Bằng 6,724.6 507,183 75.4 16.9 0.653 1,564.27 Northeast
Hà Giang Province Hà Giang 7,945.8 724,537 91.2 11.6 0.586 1,083.72 Northeast
Lạng Sơn Province Lạng Sơn 8,331.2 732,515 87.9 19.2 0.707 2,201.98 Northeast
Phú Thọ Province Việt Trì 3,528.4 1,316,389 373.1 15.8 0.715 1,916.23 Northeast
Quảng Ninh Province Hạ Long 6,099.0 1,144,988 187.7 51.9 0.784 7,834.55 Northeast
Thái Nguyên Province Thái Nguyên 3,546.6 1,123,116 316.7 25.6 0.741 2,547.11 Northeast
Tuyên Quang Province Tuyên Quang 5,870.4 724,821 123.5 13.0 0.699 1,948.18 Northeast
Lào Cai Province Lào Cai 6,383.9 614,595 96.3 21.0 0.670 2,767.55 Northeast
Yên Bái Province Yên Bái 6,899.5 740,397 107.3 18.8 0.657 1,845.51 Northeast
Điện Biên Province Điện Biên Phủ 9,562.5 490,306 51.3 15.0 0.611 1,589.03 Northwest
Hòa Bình Province Hòa Bình 4,684.2 785,217 167.6 15.0 0.715 2,343.13 Northwest
Lai Châu Province Lai Châu 9,112.3 370,502 40.7 14.2 0.560 1,081.84 Northwest
Sơn La Province Sơn La 14,174.4 1,076,055 75.9 13.8 0.634 1,773.90 Northwest
Bắc Ninh Province Bắc Ninh 823.1 1,024,472 1,244.7 23.5 0.771 4,451.41 Red River Delta
Hà Nam Province Phủ Lý 859.7 784,045 912.0 9.5 0.724 2,131.93 Red River Delta
Hải Dương Province Hải Dương 1,652.8 1,705,059 1,031.6 19.0 0.746 2,513.92 Red River Delta
Hưng Yên Province Hưng Yên 923.5 1,127,903 1,221.3 12.1 0.743 2,503.79 Red River Delta
Nam Định Province Nam Định 1,650.8 1,828,111 1,107.4 17.6 0.726 1,904.97 Red River Delta
Ninh Bình Province Ninh Bình 1,392.4 898,999 645.6 17.9 0.733 2,478.79 Red River Delta
Thái Bình Province Thái Bình 1,546.5 1,781,842 1,152.1 9.7 0.738 2,090.86 Red River Delta
Vĩnh Phúc Province Vĩnh Yên 1,373.2 999,786 728.1 22.4 0.764 3,990.61 Red River Delta
Hà Nội City Hoàn Kiếm District 3,119.0 7,331,909 2,068.6 41.0 0.794 3,923.21 Red River Delta
Hải Phòng City Hồng Bàng District 1,520.7 1,976,173 1,208.1 46.1 0.773 3,849.18 Red River Delta
Hà Tĩnh Province Hà Tĩnh 5990.6 1,227,038 203.6 14.9 0.725 2,117.32 North Central Coast
Nghệ An Province Vinh 16,498.5 2,912,041 176.5 12.9 0.715 2,379.59 North Central Coast
Quảng Bình Province Đồng Hới 8,065.3 844,893 104.8 15.0 0.716 2,203.01 North Central Coast
Quảng Trị Province Đông Hà 4,760.1 598,324 125.7 27.4 0.696 2,672.10 North Central Coast
Thanh Hóa Province Thanh Hóa 11,136.3 3,400,595 305.4 10.4 0.716 2,434.69 North Central Coast
Thừa Thiên–Huế Province Huế 5,065.3 1,087,420 214.7 36.0 0.735 3,072.58 North Central Coast
Đắk Lắk Province Buôn Ma Thuột 13,139.2 1,733,624 131.9 24.0 0.708 2,555.78 Central Highlands
Đắk Nông Province Gia Nghĩa 6,516.9 489,382 75.1 14.7 0.710 3,000.70 Central Highlands
Gia Lai Province Pleiku 15,536.9 1,274,412 82.0 28.6 0.689 3,023.20 Central Highlands
Kon Tum Province Kon Tum 9,690.5 430,133 44.4 33.5 0.656 2,075.42 Central Highlands
Lâm Đồng Province Đà Lạt 9,776.1 1,187,574 121.5 37.8 0.735 3,331.80 Central Highlands
Bình Định Province Qui Nhơn 6,039.6 1,486,465 246.1 27.7 0.742 3,089.10 South Central Coast
Bình Thuận Province Phan Thiết 7,836.9 1,167,023 148.9 39.3 0.732 3,090.17 South Central Coast
Khánh Hòa Province Nha Trang 5,217.6 1,157,604 221.9 39.9 0.752 4,180.68 South Central Coast
Ninh Thuận Province Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm 3,363.1 564,993 168.0 36.1 0.695 2,402.34 South Central Coast
Phú Yên Province Tuy Hòa 5,060.6 862,231 170.4 21.8 0.728 2,541.80 South Central Coast
Quảng Nam Province Tam Kỳ 10,438.3 1,422,319 136.3 18.6 0.745 3,192.34 South Central Coast
Quảng Ngãi Province Quảng Ngãi 5,152.7 1,216,773 236.1 14.6 0.718 3,516.44 South Central Coast
Đà Nẵng City Hải Châu District 1,257.3 887,435 705.8 86.9 0.803 4,811.58 South Central Coast
Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu Province Bà Rịa 1,989.6 996,682 500.9 49.9 0.901 36,786.39 Southeast
Bình Dương Province Thủ Dầu Một 2,696.2 1,481,550 549.5 29.9 0.751 3,663.54 Southeast
Bình Phước Province Đồng Xoài 6,883.4 873,598 126.9 16.5 0.734 3,606.56 Southeast
Đồng Nai Province Biên Hòa 5,903.9 2,486,154 421.1 33.2 0.763 3,485.16 Southeast
Tây Ninh Province Tây Ninh 4,035.9 1,066,513 264.3 15.6 0.744 4,058.65 Southeast
Hồ Chí Minh City District 1 2,095.1 8,262,864 3,418.9 83.3 0.820 7,147.09 Southeast
An Giang Province Long Xuyên 3,536.8 2,142,709 605.8 28.4 0.730 3,791.46 Mekong Delta
Bạc Liêu Province Bạc Liêu 2,584.1 856,518 331.5 26.1 0.742 3,701.98 Mekong Delta
Bến Tre Province Bến Tre 2,360.2 1,255,946 532.1 9.9 0.750 2,978.48 Mekong Delta
Cà Mau Province Cà Mau 5,331.7 1,206,938 226.4 20.4 0.743 3,121.66 Mekong Delta
Đồng Tháp Province Cao Lãnh 3,376.4 1,666,467 493.9 17.8 0.718 2,240.56 Mekong Delta
Hậu Giang Province Vị Thanh 1,601.1 757,300 473.0 19.6 0.743 2,943.84 Mekong Delta
Kiên Giang Province Rạch Giá 6,348.3 1,688,248 265.9 27.0 0.750 4,336.43 Mekong Delta
Long An Province Tân An 4,493.8 1,436,066 319.6 17.4 0.764 4,012.39 Mekong Delta
Sóc Trăng Province Sóc Trăng 3,312.3 1,292,853 390.3 19.4 0.715 2,835.46 Mekong Delta
Tiền Giang Province Mỹ Tho 2,484.2 1,672,271 673.2 13.7 0.770 3,781.77 Mekong Delta
Trà Vinh Province Trà Vinh 2,295.1 1,003,012 437.0 15.3 0.717 2,662.89 Mekong Delta
Vĩnh Long Province Vĩnh Long 1,479.1 1,024,707 692.8 15.3 0.757 3,360.01 Mekong Delta
Cần Thơ City Ninh Kiều District 1,401.6 1,188,435 847.9 65.9 0.788 6,260.52 Mekong Delta

See also List of postal codes in Vietnam

Regions

The Vietnamese government often groups the various provinces into eight regions, which are often grouped into three macro-regions: Northern, Central and Southern. These regions are not always used, and alternative classifications are possible. The regions include:

Regions of Vietnam
Macro-region Region Provinces included Area (km²) Population (2015)[5] Population density
(people/ km²)		 Notes
Northern Vietnam (Bắc Bộ, Miền Bắc) Northwest (Tây Bắc Bộ) 44,301.10 4,446,800 100.37 contains inland provinces in the west of Vietnam's northern part. Two of them are along Vietnam's border with Laos, and three border China (Dien Bien borders both China and Laos).
Northeast (Đông Bắc Bộ) 50,684.10 8,568,200 169.05 contains most of the mountainous provinces that lie to north of the highly populated Red River lowlands. Four of them are along Vietnam's border with China.
Red River Delta (Đồng Bằng Sông Hồng) 14,957.70 19,714,300 1,318.00 contains the small but populous provinces along the mouth of the Red River. The Red River Delta has the smallest area but highest population and population density of all regions. It is also the only region without any land borders with neighboring countries.
Central Vietnam (Trung Bộ, Miền Trung) North Central (Bắc Trung Bộ) 51,455.60 10,472,900 203.53 contains the coastal provinces in the northern half of Vietnam's narrow central part. They all stretch from the coast in the east to Laos in the west.
South Central Coast (Duyên hải Nam Trung Bộ) 44,376.80 9,185,000 206.98 contains the coastal provinces in the southern half of Vietnam's central part. One province borders Laos.
Central Highlands (Tây Nguyên) 54,641.00 5,607,900 102.63 contains the mountainous provinces to the west of south-central Vietnam. There are a significant number of ethnic minorities in the region. One province is along Vietnam's border with Laos, and four border Cambodia (Kon Tum borders both Laos and Cambodia).
Southern Vietnam (Nam Bộ, Miền Nam) Southeast (Đông Nam Bộ, Miền Đông) 23,590.70 16,127,800 683.65 contains those parts of lowland southern Vietnam which are north of the Mekong delta. Two provinces border Cambodia.
Mekong River Delta (Đồng Bằng Sông Cửu Long)
or Southwest (Tây Nam Bộ, Miền Tây)		 40,576.00 17,590,400 434.00 is Vietnam's southernmost region, mostly containing small but populous provinces in the delta of the Mekong. It is sometimes referred to as the Southwest region (Tây Nam Bộ). Four provinces border Cambodia.

^† Municipality (thành phố trực thuộc trung ương)

Historical provinces of Vietnam

  • Ái Châu - existed during the third Chinese domination.
  • An Xuyên - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Biên Hòa - existed from 1832 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Bình Trị Thiên - administrative grouping of Quảng Bình, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên Provinces between 1976 and 1992.
  • Bình Tuy - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Chợ Lớn - existed from 1900 until 1957.
  • Chương Thiện - existed from 1961 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Cửu Long - administrative grouping of Vĩnh Long and Vĩnh Bình Provinces between 1976 and 1992.
  • Định Tường - existed from 1832 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Gia Định - existed from 1832, became Hồ Chí Minh City following the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Gò Công - existed from 1900 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Hà Bắc - administrative grouping of Bắc Giang and Bắc Ninh Provinces between 1962 and 1996.
  • Hà Tây - existed from 1965 to 1975 and 1991 until 2008, when it was merged into Hà Nội.
  • Hải Hưng - administrative grouping of Hải Dương and Hưng Yên Provinces between 1968 and 1996.
  • Hậu Nghĩa - existed from 1963 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Long Khánh - existed from 1956, became Đồng Nai Province following the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Minh Hải - administrative grouping of Cà Mau and Bạc Liêu Provinces between 1976 and 1996.
  • Nghệ Tĩnh - administrative grouping of Nghệ An and Hà Tĩnh Provinces between 1976 and 1991.
  • Phước Long - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Phước Thành - existed from 1959 until 1965.
  • Phước Tuy - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Quảng Tín - existed from 1962 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Sa Đéc - existed from 1900 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
  • Sông Bé - administrative grouping of Bình Dương and Bình Phước Provinces between 1976 and 1997.
  • Tân An - existed from 1900 until 1956.
  • Vĩnh Bình - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.

See also

References

  1. ↑ ISO 3166-2:VN
  2. ↑ http://www.chinhphu.vn/portal/page?_pageid=439,1090462&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&pers_id=1091147&item_id=33638381&p_details=1
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Report on completed census results: The 1/4/2009 Population and Housing Census". General Statistics Office Of Vietnam.
  4. 1 2 "Growth that works for all: Viet Nam Human Development Report 2015 on Inclusive Growth" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. January 2016. pp. 173–174. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 August 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  5. ↑ General Statistics Office (2017): Statistical Yearbook of Vietnam 2015. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
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