List of human spaceflights

Apollo 7 heads into orbit with its crew of three, 1968

Human Spaceflight includes all crewed spaceflights which reached an altitude of at least 100 km (the FAI definition of spaceflight, see Kármán line), or were launched with that intention but failed. The USA has adopted a different definition of spaceflight, requiring an altitude of only 50 miles (80 km). During the 1960s, 13 flights of the US X-15 rocket plane met the US criteria, but only two met the FAI's. These lists include only the latter two flights; see the list of highest X-15 flights for all 13. As of the launch of Soyuz MS-10 on 11 October 2018, there have been 320 crewed spaceflights that reached 100 km or more in altitude (323 attempted crewed flights with three failed attempts), 8 of which were sub-orbital spaceflights. One uncrewed flight, Soyuz 34, was launched in order to provide a return vehicle to the crew of Soyuz 32.

To date, there have been four fatal missions in which 18 astronauts died.

Summary

Since 1961, three countries[lower-alpha 1] and one private business have conducted human spaceflight using twelve different spacecraft series, or: "programs", "projects".


Entity Soviet Union
 Russia		 United States ChinaScaled Composites
(USA, Private)		Subtotals
by Decade
AgencySoviet Space Program
Roscosmos		NASACNSATier One
DecadesProgramDates[lower-alpha 2]No.[lower-alpha 3]Program[lower-alpha 4]DatesNo.[lower-alpha 5]ProgramDatesNo.ProgramDatesNo.
1961-1970 Vostok 1961-1963 6 Mercury 1961-1963 6 41
Voskhod 1964-1965 2 X-15 1963 2
Soyuz 1967–present 139 Gemini 1965-1966 10
Apollo 1968-1972 11
1971-1980 39
Skylab 1973-1974 3
Apollo-
Soyuz		 1975 1
1981-1990 Space
Shuttle		 1981-2011 135 63
1991-2000 83
2001-2010 Shenzhou 2003–present 6 SpaceShipOne 2004 3 61
2011-2020 37
Subtotals
by Entity		 147 168 6 3 Grand Total 324

Human spaceflights

The Salyut series, Skylab, Mir, ISS, and Tiangong series space stations, with which many of these flights docked in orbit, are not listed separately here. See the detailed lists (links below) for information.

Missions which were intended to reach space but which failed to do so are listed in italics, and fatal missions are marked with asterisks.

Vostok 1 — Mercury-Redstone 3 — Mercury-Redstone 4 — Vostok 2
Mercury-Atlas 6 — Mercury-Atlas 7 — Vostok 3 — Vostok 4 — Mercury-Atlas 8
Mercury-Atlas 9 — Vostok 5 — Vostok 6 — X-15 Flight 90 — X-15 Flight 91
Voskhod 1
Voskhod 2 — Gemini 3 — Gemini 4 — Gemini 5 — Gemini 7 — Gemini 6A
Gemini 8 — Gemini 9A — Gemini 10 — Gemini 11 — Gemini 12
Soyuz 1*
Apollo 7 — Soyuz 3 — Apollo 8
Soyuz 4 — Soyuz 5 — Apollo 9 — Apollo 10 — Apollo 11 — Soyuz 6 — Soyuz 7 — Soyuz 8 — Apollo 12
Apollo 13 — Soyuz 9
Apollo 14 — Soyuz 10 — Soyuz 11* — Apollo 15
Apollo 16 — Apollo 17
Skylab 2 — Skylab 3 — Soyuz 12 — Skylab 4 — Soyuz 13
Soyuz 14 — Soyuz 15 — Soyuz 16
Soyuz 17 — Soyuz 18-1 — Soyuz 18 — Soyuz 19 — Apollo-Soyuz
Soyuz 21 — Soyuz 22 — Soyuz 23
Soyuz 24 — Soyuz 25 — Soyuz 26
Soyuz 27 — Soyuz 28 — Soyuz 29 — Soyuz 30 — Soyuz 31
Soyuz 32 — Soyuz 33 — Soyuz 34
Soyuz 35 — Soyuz 36 — Soyuz T-2 — Soyuz 37 — Soyuz 38 — Soyuz T-3
Soyuz T-4 — Soyuz 39 — STS-1 — Soyuz 40 — STS-2
STS-3 — Soyuz T-5 — Soyuz T-6 — STS-4 — Soyuz T-7 — STS-5
STS-6 — Soyuz T-8 — STS-7 — Soyuz T-9 — STS-8 — Soyuz T-10-1 — STS-9
STS-41-B — Soyuz T-10 — Soyuz T-11 — STS-41-C — Soyuz T-12 — STS-41-D — STS-41-G — STS-51-A
STS-51-C — STS-51-D — STS-51-B — Soyuz T-13 — STS-51-G — STS-51-F — STS-51-I — Soyuz T-14 — STS-51-J — STS-61-A — STS-61-B
STS-61-C — STS-51-L* — Soyuz T-15
Soyuz TM-2 — Soyuz TM-3 — Soyuz TM-4
Soyuz TM-5 — Soyuz TM-6 — STS-26 — Soyuz TM-7 — STS-27
STS-29 — STS-30 — STS-28 — Soyuz TM-8 — STS-34 — STS-33
STS-32 — Soyuz TM-9 — STS-36 — STS-31 — Soyuz TM-10 — STS-41 — STS-38 — STS-35 — Soyuz TM-11
STS-37 — STS-39 — Soyuz TM-12 — STS-40 — STS-43 — STS-48 — Soyuz TM-13 — STS-44
STS-42 — Soyuz TM-14 — STS-45 — STS-49 — STS-50 — Soyuz TM-15 — STS-46 — STS-47 — STS-52 — STS-53
STS-54 — Soyuz TM-16 — STS-56 — STS-55 — STS-57 — Soyuz TM-17 — STS-51 — STS-58 — STS-61
Soyuz TM-18 — STS-60 — STS-62 — STS-59 — Soyuz TM-19 — STS-65 — STS-64 — STS-68 — Soyuz TM-20 — STS-66
STS-63 — STS-67 — Soyuz TM-21 — STS-71 — STS-70 — Soyuz TM-22 — STS-69 — STS-73 — STS-74
STS-72 — Soyuz TM-23 — STS-75 — STS-76 — STS-77 — STS-78 — Soyuz TM-24 — STS-79 — STS-80
STS-81 — Soyuz TM-25 — STS-82 — STS-83 — STS-84 — STS-94 — Soyuz TM-26 — STS-85 — STS-86 — STS-87
STS-89 — Soyuz TM-27 — STS-90 — STS-91 — Soyuz TM-28 — STS-95 — STS-88
Soyuz TM-29 — STS-96 — STS-93 — STS-103
STS-99 — Soyuz TM-30 — STS-101 — STS-106 — STS-92 — Soyuz TM-31 — STS-97
STS-98 — STS-102 — STS-100 — Soyuz TM-32 — STS-104 — STS-105 — Soyuz TM-33 — STS-108
STS-109 — STS-110 — Soyuz TM-34 — STS-111 — STS-112 — Soyuz TMA-1 — STS-113
STS-107* — Soyuz TMA-2 — Shenzhou 5 — Soyuz TMA-3
Soyuz TMA-4 — SpaceShipOne flight 15P — SpaceShipOne flight 16P — SpaceShipOne flight 17P — Soyuz TMA-5
Soyuz TMA-6 — STS-114 — Soyuz TMA-7 — Shenzhou 6
Soyuz TMA-8 — STS-121 — STS-115 — Soyuz TMA-9 — STS-116
Soyuz TMA-10 — STS-117 — STS-118 — Soyuz TMA-11 — STS-120
STS-122 — STS-123 — Soyuz TMA-12 — STS-124 — Shenzhou 7 — Soyuz TMA-13 — STS-126
STS-119 — Soyuz TMA-14 — STS-125 — Soyuz TMA-15 — STS-127 — STS-128 — Soyuz TMA-16 — STS-129 — Soyuz TMA-17
STS-130 — Soyuz TMA-18 — STS-131 — STS-132 — Soyuz TMA-19 — Soyuz TMA-01M — Soyuz TMA-20
STS-133 — Soyuz TMA-21 — STS-134 — Soyuz TMA-02M — STS-135 — Soyuz TMA-22 — Soyuz TMA-03M
Soyuz TMA-04M — Shenzhou 9 — Soyuz TMA-05M — Soyuz TMA-06M — Soyuz TMA-07M
Soyuz TMA-08M — Soyuz TMA-09M — Shenzhou 10 — Soyuz TMA-10M — Soyuz TMA-11M
Soyuz TMA-12M — Soyuz TMA-13M — Soyuz TMA-14M — Soyuz TMA-15M
Soyuz TMA-16M — Soyuz TMA-17M — Soyuz TMA-18M — Soyuz TMA-19M
Soyuz TMA-20M — Soyuz MS-01 — Shenzhou 11 — Soyuz MS-02 — Soyuz MS-03
Soyuz MS-04 — Soyuz MS-05 — Soyuz MS-06 — Soyuz MS-07
Soyuz MS-08 — Soyuz MS-09 — Soyuz MS-10

Timeline

Tiangong-2Tiangong-1ISSSkylabMirSalyut 7Salyut 6Salyut 5Salyut 4Salyut 3Salyut 1Shenzhou programShenzhou 11Shenzhou 10Shenzhou 9Shenzhou 7Shenzhou 6Shenzhou 5SpaceShipOneSpaceShipOne flight 17PSpaceShipOne flight 16PSpaceShipOne flight 15PSpace Shuttle AtlantisSTS-135STS-132STS-129STS-125STS-122STS-117STS-115STS-112STS-110STS-104STS-98STS-106STS-101STS-86STS-84STS-81STS-79STS-76STS-74STS-71STS-66STS-46STS-45STS-44STS-43STS-37STS-38STS-36STS-34STS-30STS-27STS-61-BSTS-51-JX-15X-15 Flight 91X-15 Flight 90Space Shuttle DiscoverySTS-133STS-131STS-128STS-119STS-124STS-120STS-116STS-121STS-114STS-105STS-102STS-92STS-103STS-96STS-95STS-91STS-85STS-82STS-70STS-63STS-64STS-60STS-51STS-56STS-53STS-42STS-48STS-39STS-41STS-31STS-33STS-29STS-26STS-51-ISTS-51-GSTS-51-DSTS-51-CSTS-51-ASTS-41-DApollo ProgramApollo-Soyuz Test ProjectApollo 17Apollo 16Apollo 15Apollo 14Apollo 13Apollo 12Apollo 11Apollo 10Apollo 9Apollo 8Apollo 7Space Shuttle EndeavourSTS-134STS-130STS-127STS-126STS-123STS-118STS-113STS-111STS-108STS-100STS-97STS-99STS-88STS-89STS-77STS-72STS-69STS-67STS-68STS-59STS-61STS-57STS-54STS-47STS-49Space Shuttle ChallengerSTS-51-LSTS-61-ASTS-51-FSTS-51-BSTS-41-GSTS-41-CSTS-41-BSTS-8STS-7STS-6Project GeminiGemini XIIGemini XIGemini XGemini IX-AGemini VIIIGemini VI-AGemini VIIGemini VGemini IVGemini IIIGemini 2Gemini 1Space Shuttle ColumbiaSTS-107STS-109STS-93STS-90STS-87STS-94STS-83STS-80STS-78STS-75STS-73STS-65STS-62STS-58STS-55STS-52STS-50STS-40STS-35STS-32STS-28STS-61-CSTS-9STS-5STS-4STS-3STS-2STS-1SkylabSkylab 4Skylab 3Skylab 2Project MercuryMercury-Atlas 9Mercury-Atlas 8Mercury-Atlas 7Mercury-Atlas 6Mercury-Redstone 4Mercury-Redstone 3Soyuz programmeSoyuz MS-09Soyuz MS-08Soyuz MS-07Soyuz MS-06Soyuz MS-05Soyuz MS-04Soyuz MS-03Soyuz MS-02Soyuz MS-01Soyuz TMA-20MSoyuz TMA-19MSoyuz TMA-18MSoyuz TMA-17MSoyuz TMA-16MSoyuz TMA-15MSoyuz TMA-14MSoyuz TMA-13MSoyuz TMA-12MSoyuz TMA-11MSoyuz TMA-10MSoyuz TMA-09MSoyuz TMA-08MSoyuz TMA-07MSoyuz TMA-06MSoyuz TMA-05MSoyuz TMA-04MSoyuz TMA-03MSoyuz TMA-22Soyuz TMA-02MSoyuz TMA-21Soyuz TMA-20Soyuz TMA-01MSoyuz TMA-19Soyuz TMA-18Soyuz TMA-17Soyuz TMA-16Soyuz TMA-15Soyuz TMA-14Soyuz TMA-13Soyuz TMA-12Soyuz TMA-11Soyuz TMA-10Soyuz TMA-9Soyuz TMA-8Soyuz TMA-7Soyuz TMA-6Soyuz TMA-5Soyuz TMA-4Soyuz TMA-3Soyuz TMA-2Soyuz TMA-1Soyuz TM-34Soyuz TM-33Soyuz TM-32Soyuz TM-31Soyuz TM-30Soyuz TM-29Soyuz TM-28Soyuz TM-27Soyuz TM-26Soyuz TM-25Soyuz TM-24Soyuz TM-23Soyuz TM-22Soyuz TM-21Soyuz TM-20Soyuz TM-19Soyuz TM-18Soyuz TM-17Soyuz TM-16Soyuz TM-15Soyuz TM-14Soyuz TM-13Soyuz TM-12Soyuz TM-11Soyuz TM-10Soyuz TM-9Soyuz TM-8Soyuz TM-7Soyuz TM-6Soyuz TM-5Soyuz TM-4Soyuz TM-3Soyuz TM-2Soyuz T-15Soyuz T-14Soyuz T-13Soyuz T-12Soyuz T-10Soyuz T-10-1Soyuz T-9Soyuz T-8Soyuz T-7Soyuz T-6Soyuz T-5Soyuz 40Soyuz 39Soyuz T-4Soyuz T-3Soyuz 38Soyuz 37Soyuz T-2Soyuz 36Soyuz 35Soyuz 34Soyuz 33Soyuz 32Soyuz 31Soyuz 30Soyuz 29Soyuz 28Soyuz 27Soyuz 26Soyuz 25Soyuz 24Soyuz 23Soyuz 22Soyuz 21Soyuz 19Soyuz 18Soyuz 18aSoyuz 17Soyuz 16Soyuz 15Soyuz 14Soyuz 13Soyuz 12Soyuz 11Soyuz 10Soyuz 9Soyuz 8Soyuz 7Soyuz 6Soyuz 5Soyuz 4Soyuz 3Soyuz 1Voskhod programmeVostok programme

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Treating the Soviet Union and Russia as one country. Russia inherited the Soviet Union's space program following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
  2. ↑ Dates in this table refer only to actual flights, and not the broader duration of their associated programs. For example, while Project Gemini was begun in 1961 and concluded in 1966, its crewed spaceflights occurred only from 1965-1966.
  3. ↑ Soyuz missions include the following: two fatal missions, Soyuz 1 and Soyuz 11, both of which reached space; Soyuz 19, the Soviet participant in the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project; Soyuz 34, which was launched uncrewed to provide a return vehicle for the crew of Soyuz 32, who were aboard the Salyut 6 space station; Soyuz T-10-1, a non-fatal accident in which the crewed launch was aborted due to a fire, failing to reach space; and Soyuz MS-10, a non-fatal accident which booster failed mid-flight and aborted, failing to reach space.
  4. ↑ Following the Apollo program, the Skylab and Apollo-Soyuz flights also used Apollo hardware.
  5. ↑ Includes two fatal missions, STS-51-L, and STS-107. The former did not reach space, while the latter did.
  • Spacefacts Compare with the present article. The Spacefacts list includes most flights listed here, but omits eleven: The two failed launches of STS-51-L and Soyuz T-10-1, neither of which actually achieved human spaceflight, the uncrewed launch of Soyuz 34 (which nevertheless returned a crew to earth), and the eight sub-orbital human spaceflights: Mercury-Redstone 3 and 4, X-15 flights 90 and 91, SpaceShipOne flights 15P, 16P and 17P, and Soyuz 18-1, the latter being an aborted mission which nevertheless exceeded the Kármán line.
  • Astronautix Similarly, see the list for "Manned Spaceflight" given at Astronautix, which includes other related categories.

References

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