List of female spacefarers
The following is a list of women who have traveled into space, sorted by date of first flight. Although the first woman flew into space in 1963, very early in crewed space exploration, it would not be until almost twenty years later that another flew. Female astronauts went on to become commonplace in the 1980s. This list includes both cosmonauts and astronauts.
History
As of July 2016, of the 537 total space travelers, 61 have been women.[1] There have been one each from France, India, Italy, South Korea, and the United Kingdom; two each from Canada, China, and Japan; four from the Soviet Union/Russia; and 45 from the United States. The time between the first male and first female astronauts varied widely by country. The first astronauts from Britain, South Korea, and Iran were women, while there was a two-year gap in Russia from the first man in space on Vostok 1 to the first woman in space on Vostok 6. The time between the first American man and first American woman in space was 22 years between Freedom 7 and STS-7, respectively. For China, this interval was almost eight and a half years between the Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou 9 space missions,[2] and for Italy, there was approximately twelve years between the STS-46 and Expedition 42 spaceflights.
A span of 19 years separated the first and second women in space. They were cosmonauts on the Vostok 6 and Soyuz T-7 missions. Though the Soviet Union sent the first two women into space, only four of the women in space have been Russian or Soviet citizens. However, British, French, Italian, Iranian, and South Korean women have all flown as part of the Soviet and Russian space programs. Similarly, women from Canada, India, Japan, and America have all flown under the US space program. A span of one year separated the first and second American women in space. While the first American man in space was separated from the first woman in space by 20 years, a span of one year separated the first and second Chinese women in space, taking place on consecutive missions, Shenzhou 9 and Shenzhou 10.
Spacefarers with completed spaceflights
# | Image | Name Birth date |
Country | Comment | Missions (Launch date) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Valentina Tereshkova Mar. 6, 1937 |
First woman in space. Youngest woman in space (aged 26). Only woman to make a solo spaceflight. |
Vostok 6 (June 16, 1963) | ||
2 | Svetlana Savitskaya Aug. 8, 1948 |
First woman to fly on a space station (Salyut 7, 1982). First woman to perform a spacewalk (July 25, 1984). First woman to make two spaceflights. |
Soyuz T-5 (July 19, 1982) Soyuz T-12 (Jul. 17, 1984) | ||
3 | Sally Ride May 26, 1951 died Jul. 23, 2012 |
First American woman in space. | STS-7 (June 18, 1983) STS-41-G (October 5, 1984) | ||
4 | Judith Resnik Apr. 5, 1949 died Jan. 28, 1986 |
First Jewish-American in space. Died in the Challenger disaster. | STS-41-D (Aug. 30, 1984) STS-51-L (Jan. 28, 1986) | ||
5 | Kathryn D. Sullivan Oct. 3, 1951 |
First American woman to perform a spacewalk (Oct. 11, 1984). | STS-41-G (Oct. 5, 1984) STS-31 (Apr. 24, 1990) STS-45 (Mar. 24, 1992) | ||
6 | Anna Lee Fisher Aug. 24, 1949 |
First mother in space.[3] | STS-51-A (Nov. 8, 1984) | ||
7 | Margaret Rhea Seddon Nov. 8, 1947 |
STS-51-D (Apr. 12, 1985) STS-40 (Jun. 5, 1991) STS-58 (Oct. 18, 1993) | |||
8 | Shannon Lucid Jan. 14, 1943 |
First American woman to fly on a space station (Mir, 1996). First Chinese-born woman in space. First woman to make a third, a fourth and a fifth spaceflight. | STS-51-G (Jun. 17, 1985) STS-34 (Oct. 18, 1989) STS-43 (Aug. 2, 1991) STS-58 (Oct. 18, 1993) STS-76/79 (Mar. 22, 1996) | ||
9 | Bonnie J. Dunbar Mar. 3, 1949 |
STS-61-A (Oct. 30, 1985) STS-32 (January 9, 1990) STS-50 (Jun. 25, 1992) STS-71 (Jun. 27, 1995) STS-89 (Jan. 22, 1998) | |||
10 | Mary L. Cleave Feb. 5, 1947 |
STS-61-B (Nov. 26, 1985) STS-30 (May 4, 1989) | |||
11 | Ellen S. Baker Apr. 27, 1953 |
STS-34 (Oct. 18, 1989) STS-50 (Jun. 25, 1992) STS-71 (Jun. 27, 1995) | |||
12 | Kathryn C. Thornton Aug. 17, 1952 |
Third woman to walk in space. First woman to make multiple EVAs (May 14–15, 1992, Dec. 6, 1993, Dec. 8, 1993) | STS-33 (Nov. 22, 1989) STS-49 (May 7, 1992) STS-61 (Dec. 2, 1993) STS-73 (Oct. 20, 1995) | ||
13 | Marsha Ivins Apr. 15, 1951 |
STS-32 (Jan. 9, 1990) STS-46 (Jul. 31, 1992) STS-62 (Mar. 4, 1994) STS-81 (Jan. 12, 1997) STS-98 (Feb. 7, 2001) | |||
14 | Linda M. Godwin Jul. 2, 1952 |
Fourth woman to walk in space (March 27, 1996, Dec. 10, 2001) | STS-37 (Apr. 5, 1991) STS-59 (Apr. 9, 1994) STS-76 (Mar. 22, 1996) STS-108 (Dec. 5, 2001) | ||
15 | Helen Sharman May 30, 1963 |
First British citizen in space. Second woman to fly on a space station (Mir, 1991). | Soyuz TM-12/TM-11 (May 18, 1991) | ||
16 | Tamara E. Jernigan May 7, 1959 |
Fifth woman to walk in space (May 30, 1999) | STS-40 (Jun. 5, 1991) STS-52 (Oct. 22, 1992) STS-67 (Mar. 2, 1995) STS-80 (Nov. 19, 1996) STS-96 (May 27, 1999) | ||
17 | Millie Hughes-Fulford Dec. 21, 1945 |
First female payload specialist. | STS-40 (Jun. 5, 1991) | ||
18 | Roberta Bondar Dec. 4, 1945 |
First Canadian woman in space. First Ukrainian Canadian woman in space. | STS-42 (Jan. 22, 1992) | ||
19 | Jan Davis Nov. 1, 1953 |
Went to space with her husband, Mark C. Lee in 1992. They were the first married couple to go to space together. Member of Alpha Xi Delta Fraternity. | STS-47 (Sep. 12, 1992) STS-60 (Feb. 3, 1994) STS-85 (Aug. 7, 1997) | ||
20 | Mae Jemison Oct. 17, 1956 |
First African-American woman in space | STS-47 (Sep. 12, 1992) | ||
21 | Susan J. Helms Feb. 26, 1958 |
Sixth woman to walk in space (March 11, 2001) | STS-54 (Jan. 13, 1993) STS-64 (Sep. 9, 1994) STS-78 (Jun. 20, 1996) STS-101 (May 19, 2000) STS-102/105 (Mar. 8, 2001) | ||
22 | Ellen Ochoa May 10, 1958 |
First Hispanic woman in space. | STS-56 (Apr. 8, 1993) STS-66 (Nov. 3, 1994) STS-96 (May 27, 1999) STS-110 (Apr. 8, 2002) | ||
23 | Janice E. Voss Oct. 8, 1956 died Feb. 6, 2012 |
STS-57 (Jun. 21, 1993) STS-63 (Feb. 3, 1995) STS-83 (Apr. 4, 1997) STS-94 (Jul. 1, 1997) STS-99 (Feb. 11, 2000) | |||
24 | Nancy J. Currie Dec. 29, 1958 |
STS-57 (Jun. 21, 1993) STS-70 (Jul. 13, 1995) STS-88 (Dec. 4, 1998) STS-109 (Mar. 1, 2002) | |||
25 | Chiaki Mukai May 6, 1952 |
First Japanese woman in space. | STS-65 (Jul. 8, 1994) STS-95 (Oct. 29, 1998) | ||
26 | Yelena V. Kondakova Mar. 30, 1957 |
First Russian woman to travel in 2 different spacecraft, Soyuz TM-20 and STS-84 both were on trips to Mir Space Station, and 1st Russian woman to travel on the Space Shuttle. | Soyuz TM-20 (Oct. 3, 1994) STS-84 (May 15, 1997) | ||
27 | Eileen Collins Nov. 19, 1956 |
First female shuttle pilot and shuttle commander. | STS-63 (Feb. 3, 1995) STS-84 (May 15, 1997) STS-93 (Jul. 23, 1999) STS-114 (Jul. 26, 2005) | ||
28 | Wendy B. Lawrence Jul. 2, 1959 |
STS-67 (Mar. 2, 1995) STS-86 (Sep. 25, 1997) STS-91 (Jun. 2, 1998) STS-114 (Jul. 26, 2005) | |||
29 | Mary E. Weber Aug. 24, 1962 |
STS-70 (Jul. 13, 1995) STS-101 (May 19, 2000) | |||
30 | Catherine Coleman Dec. 14, 1960 |
STS-73 (Oct. 20, 1995) STS-93 (Jul. 23, 1999) Soyuz TMA-20 (15 December 2010) | |||
31 | Claudie Haigneré May 13, 1957 |
First Frenchwoman in space. 1996 flight as Claudie André-Deshays | Soyuz TM-24/TM-23 (Aug. 17, 1996) Soyuz TM-33/32 (Oct. 21, 2001) | ||
32 | Susan Still Kilrain Oct. 24, 1961 |
Second female shuttle pilot. | STS-83 (Apr. 4, 1997) STS-94 (Jul. 1, 1997) | ||
33 | Kalpana Chawla Jul. 1, 1961 died Feb. 1, 2003 |
First Indian-American woman in space. Died in the Columbia disaster. | STS-87 (Nov. 19, 1997) STS-107 (Jan. 16, 2003) | ||
34 | Kathryn P. Hire Aug. 26, 1959 |
STS-90 (Apr. 17, 1998) STS-130 (Feb. 8, 2010) | |||
35 | Janet L. Kavandi Jul. 17, 1959 |
STS-91 (Jun. 2, 1998) STS-99 (Feb. 11, 2000) STS-104 (Jul. 12, 2001) | |||
36 | Julie Payette Oct. 20, 1963 |
First French Canadian woman in space. | STS-96 (May 27, 1999) STS-127 (July 15, 2009) | ||
37 | Pamela Melroy Sep. 17, 1961 |
Second female shuttle commander. | STS-92 (Oct. 11, 2000) STS-112 (Oct. 7, 2002) STS-120 (Oct. 23, 2007) | ||
38 | Peggy Whitson Feb. 9, 1960 |
Most time in space (cumulative) for a US astronaut (665 days) Seventh woman to walk in space (Aug. 16, 2002, Nov. 9, 2007, Nov. 20, 2007, Nov. 24, 2007, Dec. 18, 2007, Jan. 30, 2007, Jan. 6, 2017, Mar. 30, 2017, May 12, 2017, May 23, 2017). Most EVAs and most time spent on EVA of all female space travelers. First female ISS commander (ISS Expedition 16). Oldest female in space (aged 57). |
STS-111/113 (Jun. 5, 2002) Soyuz TMA-11 (Oct. 10, 2007) Soyuz MS-03 (Nov. 17, 2016) | ||
39 | Sandra Magnus Oct. 30, 1964 |
STS-112 (Oct. 7, 2002) STS-126/119 (Nov. 14, 2008) STS-135 (July 8, 2011) | |||
40 | Laurel B. Clark Mar. 10, 1961 died Feb. 1, 2003 |
Died in the Columbia disaster. | STS-107 (Jan. 16, 2003) | ||
41 | Stephanie Wilson Sep. 27, 1966 |
STS-121 (Jul. 4, 2006) STS-120 (Oct. 23, 2007) STS-131 (Apr. 5, 2010) | |||
42 | Lisa Nowak May 10, 1963 |
STS-121 (Jul. 4, 2006) | |||
43 | Heidemarie M. Stefanyshyn-Piper Feb. 7, 1963 |
Eighth woman to walk in space (Sep. 12, 2006, Sep. 15, 2006, Nov. 18-19, 2008, Nov. 20-21, 2008, Nov. 22-23, 2008). First Ukrainian American woman in space. | STS-115 (Sep. 9, 2006) STS-126 (Nov. 14, 2008) | ||
44 | Anousheh Ansari Sep. 12, 1966 |
Fourth space tourist and first female space tourist. First Iranian in space. | Soyuz TMA-9/8 (Sep. 18, 2006) | ||
45 | Sunita Williams Sep. 19, 1965[4] |
Ninth woman to walk in space (Dec. 16, 2006, Jan. 31, 2007, Feb. 4, 2007, Feb. 8, 2007, Aug. 30, 2012, Sep. 5, 2012).[4] | STS-116/117 (Dec. 9, 2006)[4] Soyuz TMA-05M (July 15, 2012) | ||
46 | Joan Higginbotham Aug. 3, 1964 |
STS-116 (Dec. 9, 2006) | |||
47 | Tracy Caldwell Dyson Aug. 14, 1969 |
Eleventh woman to walk in space (Aug. 7, 2010, Aug. 11, 2010, Aug. 16, 2010). First astronaut born after Apollo 11 flight.[5] | STS-118 (Aug. 8, 2007) Soyuz TMA-18 (April 2, 2010). | ||
48 | Barbara Morgan Nov. 28, 1951 |
First educator astronaut (Teacher in Space Project) Oldest woman in space by the time of first flight (aged 55). |
STS-118 (Aug. 8, 2007) | ||
49 | Yi So-yeon Jun. 2, 1978 |
First Korean in space. | Soyuz TMA-12 (Apr. 8, 2008) | ||
50 | Karen L. Nyberg Oct. 7, 1969 |
STS-124 (May 31, 2008) Soyuz TMA-09M (May 28, 2013) | |||
51 | K. Megan McArthur Aug. 30, 1971 |
STS-125 (May 11, 2009) | |||
52 | Nicole P. Stott Nov. 11, 1962 |
Tenth woman to walk in space (September 1–2, 2009). | STS-128 (August 28, 2009) STS-133 (February 24, 2011) | ||
53 | Dorothy Metcalf-Lindenburger May 15, 1975 |
STS-131 (April 5, 2010) | |||
54 | Naoko Yamazaki Dec. 27, 1970 |
STS-131 (April 5, 2010) | |||
55 | Shannon Walker Jun. 4, 1965 |
Soyuz TMA-19 (June 15, 2010) | |||
56 | Liu Yang Oct. 6, 1978 |
First Chinese woman in space. | Shenzhou 9 (June 16, 2012) | ||
57 | Wang Yaping Jan. 27, 1980 |
Shenzhou 10 (June 11, 2013) | |||
58 | Yelena Serova Apr. 22, 1976 |
Member of ISS Expedition 41. First Russian woman to visit the ISS.[6] | Soyuz TMA-14M (September 25, 2014) | ||
59 | Samantha Cristoforetti Apr. 26, 1977 |
ESA Astronaut. First Italian woman in space and first Italian woman on ISS. Expedition 42/43. | Soyuz TMA-15M (November 23, 2014) | ||
60 | Kathleen Rubins Oct. 14, 1978 |
Soyuz MS-01 (July 6, 2016) | |||
61 | Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor
Apr. 9, 1976 |
Expedition 56
(June 2018) |
Other astronauts and astronaut candidates
Image | Name | Birth date Death date |
Country | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anne McClain | June 7, 1979 | NASA Astronaut Group 21, "The 8 Balls", 2013. McClain has been selected for Expedition 58, set to travel by Soyuz to the International Space Station in December 2018. | ||
Christina Hammock | Feb. 2, 1979 | NASA Astronaut Group 21, "The 8 Balls", 2013. Hammock has been selected for Expedition 61, set to travel by Soyuz to the International Space Station in November 2019. | ||
Jessica Meir | July 15, 1977 | NASA Astronaut Group 21, "The 8 Balls", 2013. Meir has been selected for Expedition 62, set to travel by Soyuz to the International Space Station in June 2020. | ||
Nicole Aunapu Mann | June 27, 1977 | NASA Astronaut Group 21, "The 8 Balls", 2013. | ||
Jeanette J. Epps | Nov. 2, 1970 | Completed Astronaut Candidate Training in 2011. Epps has been selected for Expedition 56, set to travel by Soyuz to the International Space Station in May 2018, but on January 16, 2018, NASA announced that Epps had been replaced by her backup Serena M. Auñón-Chancellor. | ||
Patricia Robertson | Mar. 12, 1963 Died May 24, 2001. |
NASA Astronaut Group 17, "The Penguins", 1998 | ||
Nadezhda Kuzhelnaya | Nov. 6, 1962 | Retired May 27, 2004. | ||
Marianne Merchez | Nov. 25, 1960 | Retired 1995. | ||
Yvonne Cagle | Apr. 24, 1959 | |||
Christa McAuliffe | September 2, 1948 died Jan. 28, 1986 |
Died on the Challenger, January 28, 1986. Mission launched, but did not cross the Kármán line. The crew cabin peaked approx. 70,000 ft (above the Armstrong limit) | ||
Tatyana Kuznetsova | Jul. 14, 1941 | Retired 1969. | ||
Zhanna Yorkina | May 6, 1939 | Retired 1969. | ||
Irina Solovyova | Sep. 6, 1937 | Retired 1969. | ||
Valentina Ponomaryova | Sep. 18, 1933 | Retired 1969. |
See also
- Chinese women in space
- Mercury 13—the Women in Space Program (WISP)
- List of space travelers by name—all people who have flown in space
- List of space travelers by nationality
- List of astronauts by name—people trained to serve as spaceflight crew
References
- ↑ List of space travelers by name
- ↑ "Women in Space: Timeline of Achievements and Events".
- ↑ "NASA - First Mother in Space, Mars Team to Be at NASA Langley Open House". www.nasa.gov.
- 1 2 3 NASA (2009). "Sunita L. Williams (Commander, USN)". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
- ↑ "Astronaut Tracy Caldwell & "Officer Phil" Konstantin's KUSI TV 9/51 Page". americanindian.net.
- ↑ "Privyet, Elena Serova! Space Station Welcomes Its First Russian Woman". NBC News. 26 September 2014. Retrieved 27 September 2014.