Bagri language

Bagri
	बागड़ी
Native to	Rajasthan, Haryana and Punjab (including Bahawalpur and Bahawalnagar district in Pakistan)
Ethnicity	Bagri
Native speakers	1,890,815 (2011 census)[1]; Census results conflate some speakers with Hindi.[2]
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Western Rajasthani–Marwari Rajasthani Bagri; ; ; ; ; ;
Writing system	Devanagari
Official status
Recognised minority; language in	India
Language codes
ISO 639-3	bgq
Glottolog	bagr1243[3]

The Bagri language (बागड़ी) forms something of a dialect bridge between Rajasthani, Punjabi and Haryanvi Hindi and takes its name from the Bagar tract region of Northwestern India.^[4] It has about two million speakers, mostly in India, with pockets in the Bahawalpur and Bahawalnagar districts of the Punjab in Pakistan.

Bagri is a typical Indo-Aryan language, with SOV word order. The most striking phonological feature of Bagri is the presence of three lexical tones: high, mid and low, akin to Punjabi.^[5] The language has a very high (65%) lexical similarity with Haryanvi.

Features

Phonology

Bagri distinguishes 31 consonants including a retroflex series, 10 vowels, 2 diphthongs and 3 tones.

Declension

There are two numbers: singular and plural.
Two genders: masculine and feminine.
Three cases: simple, oblique, and vocative. Case marking is partly inflectional and partly postpositional.
Nouns are declined according to their final segments.
All pronouns are inflected for number and case but gender is distinguished only in the third person singular pronouns.
The third person pronouns are distinguished on the proximity/remoteness dimension in each gender.
Adjectives are of two types: either ending in /-o/ or not.
Cardinal numbers up to ten are inflected.
Both present and past participles function as adjectives.

Verbs

There are three tenses and four moods.

Syntax

Sentence types are of traditional nature.
Coordination and subordination are very important in complex sentences.
Parallel lexicon are existing and are very important from sociolinguistic point of view.

Samples

Bagri	Transliteration	Translation
तेरो नाम के है	Tero nāma ke hai	What is your name?
किन्नै जावै है?	kinn jāv hai	Where are you going?
इन्नै आ	innai ā	Come here
क्यूकर है ?	kyūkara hai	How are you?
टींगर टीटणं नां मार	ṭīṅgara ṭīṭaṇaṃ nāṃ māra	Hey kid! Don't waste our time.
तन्नै कुचरणीं ही करनी है के ?	tannai kučaraṇīṃ hī leṇīṃ hai ke	Do you only want to disturb things?
नास में आन्गळी ना ले	nāma meṃ āngaḷī nā le	Don't penetrate finger into nose.
बातां गा पीसा लागै है.	bātāṃ gā pīsā lāgai	Talking costs money.
मुह कर जिया बताऊ जिसों या मुंह कर बताऊ बरगो	suha kara jiyā batāū jisoṃ	Your face looks like eggplant.
मान ग्या र, सागी है बटो	Maan gya r, saagi h bto	Shame on You, same as Asshole.
क्यांमी राफ चोड़ी करै है रे?	kyāmī rāpha čoṛī karai hai re	Why are you making your mouth as that of a moron?
के करे है?	ke kare ha	What are you doing?
रोल्लो है के कोई तेरै	rollo ha ke koī terai	you have any problem
तू कठै गयैड़ो हो	too kathai gayairo ho	Where did you go?
कठैउं आन लाग रह्यो है?	kaṭhū ān lāga rahyo ha	Where are you coming from?
भांडा	bhanda	Utensils.
घोड़ो होव जिओं	Ghodo hov jiya	Looking like a horse
कोजवाड़	kozwaD	embarrassing.

Work on Bagri

Grierson, G. A. 1908. (Reprint 1968). Linguistic Survey of India. Volume IX, Part II. New Delhi: Motilal Banarasidass
Gusain, Lakhan. 1994. Reflexives in Bagri. M.Phil. dissertation. New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru University
Gusain, Lakhan. 1999. A Descriptive Grammar of Bagri. Ph.D. dissertation. New Delhi: Jawaharlal Nehru University
Gusain, Lakhan. 2000a. Limitations of Literacy in Bagri. Nicholas Ostler & Blair Rudes (eds.). Endangered Languages and Literacy. Proceedings of the Fourth FEL Conference. University of North Carolina, Charlotte, 21–24 September 2000
Gusain, Lakhan. 2000b. Bagri Grammar. Munich: Lincom Europa (Languages of the World/Materials, 384)
Gusain, Lakhan. 2008. Bagri Learners' Reference Grammar. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Northside Publishers
Wilson, J. 1883. Sirsa Settlement Report. Chandigarh: Government Press

Gallery

Regions where Bagri is spoken:

Bagri is the main language in Sirsa district.
Bagri is the main language in western Fatehabad district.
Bagari is the main language of Ganganagar district, Hanumangarh district, north-western part of churu district and north-western part of Jhunjhunu district in Rajasthan.
Bagari is the main language in Fazilka district (now a separate district, formerly southern part of Firozpur district) and as minority language in southern villages of Muktsar district of Punjab (India).
Bagri is a minor language is spoken in Bahawalpur and Bahawalnagar district of Punjab, Pakistan, though not considered parts of Bagar tract.

References

↑ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.
↑ Census India 2001
↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Bagri". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
↑ Revised Land and Revenue Settlement of Hisar District 9006-9011
↑ Gusain 2000, p. 14.

Bibliography

Gusain, Lakhan (2000). Bagri. Languages of the world. Materials. Munich: LINCOM Europa. ISBN 978-3-89586-398-1.

External links

Centre for Rajasthani Studies

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 2018-07-07.

[2] Census India 2001

[Glottolog-3] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Bagri". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[4] Revised Land and Revenue Settlement of Hisar District 9006-9011

[FOOTNOTEGusain200014-5] Gusain 2000, p. 14.