Hanumangarh

Hanumangarh
Bhatner
TOWN
Hanumangarh fort
Bhatner fort is located in Hanumangarh city.
Hanumangarh
Hanumangarh
Coordinates: 29°35′N 74°19′E / 29.58°N 74.32°E / 29.58; 74.32Coordinates: 29°35′N 74°19′E / 29.58°N 74.32°E / 29.58; 74.32
Country India
State Rajasthan
District Hanumangarh
Founded by King Bhupat
Government
 • Body Municipal Council
Elevation 177 m (581 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 151,104
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN

335512(Hanumangarh Junction)

335513(Hanumangarh Town)
Telephone code 01552
Vehicle registration RJ-31
Website hanumangarh.rajasthan.gov.in

Hanumangarh is a city in northern Rajasthan state in western India, situated on the banks of the river Ghaggar also identified as Ancient Sarasvati river, located about 400 km from Delhi. It is the administrative seat of Hanumangarh District. The city was once called Bhatner (alternatively spelled Bhatnair) because it was founded by king Bhupat in 255 AD. It remained in the control of the Rajputs of Bhati clan and later occupied by Maharaja Sooraj Singh of Bikaner.[1]

History

Early history

chalcolithic (copper age)

Indus Valley Civilization

Indus Valley Civilization sites in the district number over 100 villages along Ghaggar-Hakra River (Palaeochannel of Sarasvati River), such as Karanpura. Remains found at Kalibangan and [Pilibanga] in 1951 reveal that this area was a part of nearly 5000 years old civilization. The remains of human skeleton, unknown scripts, stamps, coins, utensils, jewelry, toys, statues, wells, bathrooms, fort, streets, markets, etc. were found. The remains found at these places have been kept at Museum at Kalibangan and National Museum, New Delhi.

Medieval

It has yielded a number of terracotta decorative tiles in the late Kushan Empire style along with a number of coins. Two terracotta capitals at the depth of 15' from the top of the mound with stepped pyramids along their edges have been discovered.[2]

Colonial era

Hanumangarh was the kingdom of Bhati rajputs and hence its earlier name was Bhatner. Maharaja Surat Singh Rathore (b.1787 – d.1828) of Bikaner State won this fort on Tuesday. Since Tuesday is the auspicious day of the Hindu deity Hanuman, Surat Singh renamed Bhatner to "Hanumangarh" - the Fort of Hanuman the Hindu-deity. A 1700-year-old Bhatner fort is situated in the middle of Hanumangarh Town, the description of which can be found in Ain-i-Akbari.[3] A famous Bhadrakali temple is situated near the town on the banks of Ancient Sarasvati river(Ghaggar river).[2]

Demographics

Religion in Hanumangarh[4]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 82.17%
Sikhism
 
 9.75%
Islam
 
 7.33%
Other
 
 0.74%
Bhagat singh chowk.
A view of Bhagat Singh Chowk at Hanumangarh Junction.

As of 2011 India census,[5] Hanumangarh had a population of 151104. Males constitute 79817 of the population and females 71287. Hanumangarh has an average literacy rate of 78.32%, higher than the national average of 73.0%: male literacy is 85.42%, and female literacy is 70.42%. In Hanumangarh, 11.88% of the population is under 6 years of age. Total children (0-6) are 17947 as per figures of Census India report 2011. There are 9709 boys and 8238 girls. Sex Ratio of the city is 893 per 1000 males. Sex Ratio of childs is 848 per 1000 boys. The major languages spoken are Bagri, Punjabi and Hindi. [4][6]

Railway Junction

Hanumangarh railway station.
A view of railway station at Hanumangarh Junction.

Hanumangarh Junction railway station is a major railway station on Jodhpur-Bathinda line; Sadulpur, Rewari, Jaipur, Sriganganagar, Anupgarh, (Canaloop). Earlier both meter gauge and broad gauge lines passed through this station and now all lines passing through here have been converted to broad gauge. There is also a Diamond Railway Crossing. In 1982, the broad gauge started from Bhatinda to Suratgarh via Hanumangarh. On 1 October 2012, Hanumangarh-Sadulpur metergauge track closed and it was converted into broad gauge. 3 Hanumangarh to Sri Ganganagar passenger trains are running on the broad gauge track. This track provides smooth rail traffic between two strategically important cantonments at Jaisalmer (Rajasthan) and Udhampur (J&k) via Hanumangarh, Sriganganagar and Firozpur.[7]

Tehsils

There are 7 following tehsils in the district Hanumangarh: Hanumangarh, Sangaria, Pilibanga, Nohar, Bhadra, Rawatsar and Tibbi.

Language

Bagri language is the major language in Hanumangarh.Punjabi language is also used as a second language in most areas of the district in northern part of Rajasthan. Hindi is the state language and English is also used widely.[8]

Govt NMPG college.,Ryan collage for higher education, Sara institute of engineering and technology.
Government Nehru Memorial PG College in Hanumangarh town.

Visitor Attractions

  • Kalibanga a historical place, in Pilibanga Tehsil.
  • Gogameri Temple
  • Brahmaani Mata Temple at Pallu.
  • Bhadarkali Mata Temple at the basin on Ghaghar river.
  • Shri Sukha SIngh Mehtab Singh Gurudwara
  • Bhatner Fort
  • Shri Gorakh Nath ji Temple

References

  1. ↑ Sir William Wilson Hunter, The imperial gazetteer of India, Volume 2, Trübner & Co., 1885, ... The Bhatnair fort ... on the direct route of invasion from Central Asia to India ... taken by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1001 ... attacked by Timur ... probable that Timur left a Tatar Chagitai noble in charge, who was expelled by Bhatis from Marot and Phulra ... Bhatnair, now called Hanumangarh ...
  2. 1 2 http://www.hanumangarh.nic.in
  3. ↑ "Bhatner Fort". Archived from the original on 1 July 2012.
  4. 1 2 http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/65-hanumangarh.html
  5. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  6. ↑ http://helpcontact.in/1456
  7. ↑ http://m.indiarailinfo.com/search/hanumangarh-hmh-to-shri-ganganagar-sgnr/112/0/2104
  8. ↑ Lakhan Gusain 2000. Bagri Grammar. Munich: Lincom Europa (Languages of the World/Materials, 384)
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