Aklanon language

Aklanon
Aklan
Akeanon
Binisaya nga Akeanon
Native to Philippines
Region Aklan and some parts of northwestern Capiz
Ethnicity Aklanon people
Native speakers
 460,000 (2000 census, Aklan proper)[1]
(Malaynon unknown: 8,500 cited 1973)
Dialects
  • Aklanon, Malaynon
Latin;
Historically Baybayin
Official status
Official language in
 Regional language in the Philippines
Regulated by Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino
Language codes
ISO 639-3 Either:
akl – Aklanon [2]
mlz – Malaynon
Glottolog akla1240  Aklan[3]
Area where Aklanon is spoken

Aklanon[2] (Akeanon), also known as Aklan,[3][4] is a regional Visayan language spoken in the province of Aklan on the island of Panay in the Philippines. Its unique feature among other Visayan languages is the close-mid back unrounded vowel [ɤ] occurring as part of diphthongs and traditionally written with the letter E such as in the name Akeanon (Aklanon). However, this phoneme is also present in sister Philippine languages, namely Itbayat, Isneg, Manobo, Samal and Sagada.[5]

The Malaynon dialect is 93% lexically similar to Aklanon and retained the "l" sounds, which elsewhere are often pronounced as "r".[6]

Ibayjanon (Ibajaynon) dialect has shortened versions of Aklanon words.

Phonology

Aklanon has 21 phonemes. There are 16 consonants: p, t, k, b, d, g, m, n, ng, s, h, l, r, w, y and the glottal stop ʔ. There are six vowels: i, e, ɤ, a, o and u.[5]

Vowels

Table of vowel phonemes of Aklanon
Front Back
unrounded unrounded rounded
Close i u
Close-mid ɤ o
Open-mid ɛ
Open a

Consonants

Bilabial Dental Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ŋ
Stop p b t d k g ʔ
Fricative s h
Approximant l j w
Flap ɾ

Common phrases

AkeanonMalaynonEnglish
HayKamustaHello
Mayad-ayad nga agahonMayad nga agahonGood morning
Mayad-ayad nga haponMayad nga haponGood afternoon
Mayad-ayad nga gabi-iMayad nga gab-iGood night
Mayad-ayad nga adlawMayad nga adlawGood day
SaeamatSalamatThanks
Mayad manMayad manI am fine
PangabayPangabayPlease
Hu-oHu-oYes
Bukon/Ayaw/Indi/OwaBukon/IndiNo
OwaOwaNot/None/Unable
Paalin?Paano?How?
Hin-uno?San-o?When?
Alin?/Ano?Alin?/Ano?What?
Kamusta ka eon?Musta ron?How are you?
Ano pangaean mo?Ano imo pangalan?What is your name?
Siin ka gaadto?Siin ka maadto?Where are you going?
Siin kita gaadto?Siin kita maadto?Where are we going?
Anong oras eon?Anong orasa ron?What time is it?
Tig-pila ra?Tig-pila ra?How much is this?
Kagwapa ka gid-ingGwapa ka gid timoYou are beautiful
Kagwapo ka gid-ingGwapo ka gid timoYou are manly
Kabuot ka gid-ingBuot ka gid timoYou are kind
MusyonDali ronLet's go
Balik eon kitaMabalik 'ta ronLet's go back
Owa ako naka eobotWa ko ka lubotI do not understand
Owa ako naka sayodWa ko kasayudI do not know
Gusto ko ro maeamig nga tubiIla ta ko't malamig nga tubiI'd like cold water
Gutom nga gutom eon gid akoGutom-gutom ron gid ta 'konI am really hungry
Owa ako't kwartaWa ta ko't kuartaI have no money
Ikaw kaumangonUmang ka gid timoYou are crazy
Magamit ko it crPagamit ko it crI need the toilet
Mapanaw/Maamat eon kitaPanaw ta ronWe are going
Mag dahan kaPagdahan kaTake care

[7]

Philippine National Proverb:

"Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi makararating sa paroroonan." (Tagalog)

"Ro uwa' gatan-aw sa anang ginhalinan hay indi makaabut sa anang ginapaeangpan." (Akeanon)

"Ang di kausoy magbalikid sa anang ginhalinan hay indi makaabut sa anang ginaayanan." (Malaynon)

"Ang indi makahibalo magbalikid sang iya ginhalinan, indi makaabot sa iya padulungan." (Hiligaynon)

"He who does not look back where he came from, will never reach his destination." (English)

Numbers

Number Akeanon/Malaynon Hiligaynon Tagalog English
1 Isaea Isá Isa One
2 Daywa Duhá Dalawa Two
3 Tatlo Tátlo Tatlo Three
4 Ap-at Ápat Apat Four
5 Li-má Limá Lima Five
6 An-om Ánum Anim Six
7 Pitó Pitó Pito Seven
8 Waeo/Walo Waló Walo Eight
9 Siyám Siyám Siyam Nine
10 Púeo/Pulo Pulò/Napulò Sampu Ten

Literature

Note: All these poems were written by Melchor F. Cichon, an Aklanon poet.

  • Ambeth. Philippine Panorama, August 14, 1994.
  • Emergency Room. The Aklan Reporter, December 7, 1994, p. 10
  • Eva, Si Adan! (Finalist Sa Unang Premyo Openiano A. Italia Competition, January 1993, Duenas, Iloilo)
  • Ham-at Madueom Ro Gabii Inay? Philippine Panorama, March 27, 1994, p. 29. (First Aklanon poem published in the Phil. Pan.) Also in The Aklan Reporter, April 6, 1994, p. 8.
  • Hin-uno Pa. The Aklan Reporter, February 23, 1994, p. 8. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 44
  • Inay. Philippine Collegian, October 4, 1973, p. 3 (First Aklanon poem in the Philippine Collegian)
  • Limog sa Idaeom. Ani December 1993, p. 48
  • Mamunit Ako Inay. The Aklan Reporter, December 28, 1994, p. 10
  • Manog-Uling. The Aklan Reporter July 29, 1992, p. 9. Also in Ani December 1993, p. 50
  • Owa't Kaso, Saeamat. Mantala 3:97 2000
  • Ro Bantay. The Aklan Reporter, September 6, 1995, p. 7
  • Competition, March 13, 1998, UPV Auditorium, Iloilo City
  • Sa Pilapil It Tangke. Ani December 1994, p. 46
  • Toto, Pumailaya Ka. Pagbutlak (First Aklanon in Pagbutlak)
  • Welga. Mantala 3:99 2000

Learning resources

  • "Five-language Dictionary (Panay Island)" ISBN 971-9023-25-2, 2003 Roman dela Cruz Kalibo, Aklan
  • "A study of the Aklanon dialect" / Authors: Beato A. de la Cruz, R. David Paul Zorc, Vicente Salas Reyes, & Nicolas L. Prado; Public Domain 1968-1969; Kalibo, Aklan
    • "Vol.I Grammar" Smithsonian Institution Libraries call# 39088000201871 (Full text on ERIC)
    • 'Vol.II A Dictionary (of root words and derivations) Aklanon to English" Smithsonian Institution Libraries call# 39088000201889 (Full text on ERIC)
  • "The functions of ‘hay’ in Aklanon narrative discourse". 1990. Brainard, Sherri and Poul Jensen.
  • "A preliminary study of demonstratives in Aklanon narratives". 1992. Jensen, Kristine and Rodolfo R. Barlaan.

References

  1. ↑ Inakeanon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
    Malaynon at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. 1 2 "Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: akl". ISO 639-3 Registration Authority – SIL International. Retrieved 2017-07-06. Name: Aklanon
  3. 1 2 Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Aklan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  4. ↑ "Aklan (less commonly Aklanon)". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. Retrieved 2017-07-06.
  5. 1 2 Beato A. de la Cruz; R. David Paul Zorc (1968). A Study of the Aklanon Dialect. Volume 1: Grammar (PDF). Washington, DC: Peace Corps.
  6. ↑ "Malaynon, A language of the Philippines". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 5 January 2008. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
  7. ↑ "The Philippine National Proverb". Archived from the original on 11 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
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