See also: 𢎵
U+5F17, 弗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F17

[U+5F16]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5F18]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 57, +2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中中弓 (LLN), four-corner 55027, composition ⿻⿰丿)

Derived characters

  • , , , 𠔘, 𡗻, 𡘉, 𡛯, 𡶒, 𢂀, 𢏇, 𢒍, 𢘍, 𣭘, 𣲴, 𤝟, 𤤖, 𤫰, 𥘬 𥿏, 𦕚, 𦨡, 𧉸, 𧙂, 𧠤, 𧿳, 𨚓, 𨚭

References

  • KangXi: page 356, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9708
  • Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 990, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5F17

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*prɯds
*prɯds, *pʰɯds, *bɯds
*pads
*pɯds
*pɯds
*pɯds, *pʰɯd
*pʰɯds, *pɯd, *pʰɯd
*pʰɯds
*pʰɯds
*buds
*bɯds, *bɯd
*brɯd
*bɯːd, *pʰɯd
*pɯd
*pɯd
*pɯd
*pɯd
*pʰɯd
*pʰɯd, *bɯd
彿 *pʰɯd
*bɯd
*bɯd
*bɯd
*bɯd

Pictogram (象形) – two arrows, tied together to be straightened.

Later borrowed phonetically to mean “no”. The derivative stands for the original word.

Etymology 1

not (verb) him/her/it
Fusion of (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ', “not”) with (OC *tjɯ, “third-person pronoun”) (Schuessler, 2007).

See etymology of for more.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (60)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/piut̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/piuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/put̚/
Li
Rong
/piuət̚/
Wang
Li
/pĭuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fu
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjut › ‹ pjut › ‹ pjut ›
Old
Chinese
/*p[u]t/ /*put/ /*put/
English (negation) gust of wind writing brush (pron. in Yān 燕, ap. Shuōwén, E. Hàn)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3313
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯd/

Definitions

  1. (obsolete or dialectal) not.
    [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: Mencius, circa 4th century BCE
    Yī dān sì, yī dòu gēng, dé zhī zé shēng, dé zé sǐ. [Pinyin]
    Here are a small basket of rice and a platter of soup; getting them will enable survival, while not getting them will result in death.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of (“not”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese , , , , ,
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Harbin
Shenyang
Jinan
Muping
Luoyang
Wanrong
Xi'an
Xining
Xuzhou
Yinchuan
Lanzhou
Ürümqi
Wuhan
Chengdu
Guiyang
Liuzhou
Kunming
Yangzhou
Nanjing
Hefei
Nantong
Malaysia
Singapore
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Taishan
Dongguan
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Lichuan
Pingxiang
Hakka Meixian
Xingning
Huidong (Daling)
Qujiang
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
Changting
Pingyu
Wuping
Liancheng
Ninghua ,
Yudu
Ruijin
Shicheng
Shangyou
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Huizhou Jixi
Jin Taiyuan
Xinzhou
Min Bei Jian'ou , 𣍐
Min Dong Fuzhou , 𣍐
Matsu , 𣍐
Min Nan Xiamen , ,
Quanzhou , ,
Zhangzhou , ,
Taipei , ,
Kaohsiung , ,
Penang , ,
Chaozhou ,
Shantou ,
Haikou
Leizhou
Pinghua Nanning
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
Chongming ,
Danyang
Jinhua
Ningbo
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng
Loudi
Usage notes
  • In modern Chinese, this character is almost entirely used for phonetic translations. The character mainly represents the phoneme /f/ in word-final and preconsonantal positions.
  • The characters () and (fǒu) are far more commonly used to mean “no”.

Compounds

  • 因弗基普
  • 弗庭
  • 弗弗
  • 弗悟
  • 弗雷特 (Fúléitè)
  • 撥弗倒拨弗倒
  • 永矢弗諼

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to cost; to spend; to expend; to consume; to use; to exhaust; etc.”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. fluorine
  2. the dollar sign ($)

Readings

  • Go-on: ほち (hochi)
  • Kan-on: ふつ (futsu)
  • Kun: ドル (doru, ); (zu, )

Etymology 1

(futsu): a sample of chilled liquid fluorine.
Kanji in this term
ふつ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Originally borrowed from Middle Chinese (*pjut), meaning either “not” or “a gust of wind”. Apparently later repurposed during the later Edo period for its phonetic value in translating the Dutch fluor (fluorine).

Pronunciation

Affix

(hiragana ふつ, katakana フツ, rōmaji futsu)

  1. (chemistry, chemical elements) fluorine, fluoride
Derived terms
Usage notes

Seldom used. In chemistry contexts, almost always spelled in katakana as フツ, appearing in most compounds as フッ.

Etymology 2

(doru): evolution of the dollar symbol for both the United States and (now obsolete) Spanish dollar.
Kanji in this term
どる
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $. This reading is ultimately borrowed from Dutch dollar.[1][2]

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Symbol

(katakana ドル, rōmaji doru)

  1. a dollar
Usage notes

Occasionally seen, but more often encountered in the katakana spelling of ドル.

See also

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 아닐 (anil bul))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  2. Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $.[1]

References


Vietnamese

Han character

(phất)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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