羹

See also: 羮 and 焿

羹	U+7FB9, 羹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FB9

← 羸
[U+7FB8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

羺 →
[U+7FBA]

Translingual

Han character

羹 (radical 123, 羊+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 廿土火廿大 (TGFTK), four-corner 8053₀, composition ⿱羔美)

Derived characters

𤄾, 𦣍, 𢑌

Related characters

羮 (Variant form)

References

KangXi: page 954, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28584
Dae Jaweon: page 1399, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3139, character 13
Unihan data for U+7FB9

Chinese

simp. and trad.		羹
variant forms		𩱧𩱋𢑌羮焿

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gēng (geng¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄥ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): gang¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): gang^1*
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kiⁿ / keⁿ / kng / keng

(Teochew, Peng'im): gên¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄥ
  - Wade–Giles: kêng¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: geng
  - Tongyong Pinyin: geng
  - IPA ^(key): /kɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gang¹
  - Yale: gāng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gang¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: geng¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kɐŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: gang^1*
  - IPA ^(key): /kaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kĩ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kinmen): /kĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kenn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvef
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɛ̃⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kẽ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kng
  - Tâi-lô: kng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kngf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng
  - Tâi-lô: king
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kefng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

kiⁿ/keⁿ - vernacular;
kng/keng - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gên¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keⁿ
  - IPA ^(key): /kẽ³³/

Middle Chinese: /kˠæŋ/▼

Rime
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	古行切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/kɐŋ/
Wang Li	/kɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gēng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤraŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kraːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gēng
Middle Chinese	‹ kæng ›
Old Chinese	/*kˁraŋ/
English	soup
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羹
Reading #	1/1
No.	3988
Phonetic component	羹
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	庚
Old Chinese	/*kraːŋ/

Definitions

羹

thick soup; broth
魚肚羹 / 鱼肚羹 ― yúdùgēng ― fish maw soup
vegetable soup
soups in general
(Cantonese) spoon (Classifier: 隻／只)
(Cantonese) spoonful
- 𢳂羹辣椒醬落去 [Cantonese, trad.]
  𫼣羹辣椒酱落去 [Cantonese, simp.]
  bat¹ gang¹ laat⁶ ziu¹ zoeng³ lok⁶ heoi³ [Jyutping]
  scoop a spoonful of hot sauce in

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 勺子 (“spoon”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		匙, 勺
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		調羹, 湯匙, 羹匙
Mandarin	Beijing	勺兒
	Taiwan	勺子, 調羹, 湯匙
	Tianjin	勺兒
	Jinan	勺子, 調羹
	Xi'an	勺勺兒, 調羹
	Wuhan	瓢羹, 湯瓢, 瓢, 調羹
	Chengdu	調羹兒, 瓢羹兒
	Yangzhou	瓢子, 挑子, 調羹
	Hefei	勺子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	匙羹, 羹
	Hong Kong	匙羹, 羹
	Taishan	匙羹, 羹
	Yangjiang	羹
Gan	Nanchang	瓢羹, 調羹
Hakka	Meixian	調羹, 湯匙
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	湯匙
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	調羹仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	湯匙
	Dongshi (Dabu)	湯匙
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	湯匙
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	湯匙
Jin	Taiyuan	匙匙, 調羹兒, 羹匙
Min Bei	Jian'ou	調羹
Min Dong	Fuzhou	瓢羹
Min Nan	Xiamen	湯匙
	Quanzhou	湯匙
	Zhangzhou	湯匙, 調羹, 調羹仔
	Taipei	湯匙
	Kaohsiung	湯匙仔
	Tainan	湯匙, 湯匙仔
	Taichung	湯匙仔
	Hsinchu	湯匙
	Lukang	湯匙
	Sanxia	湯匙
	Yilan	湯匙, 調羹仔
	Kinmen	湯匙
	Magong	湯匙
	Penang	調羹, 湯匙
	Philippines (Manila)	湯匙
	Chaozhou	湯匙
Wu	Shanghai	調羹
	Suzhou	抄, 調羹
	Wenzhou	調羹
Xiang	Changsha	瓢羹, 挑子
Xiang	Shuangfeng	調勾, 挑子

Descendants

→ Lao: ແກງ (kǣng, “stew; soup”)
→ Thai: แกง (gɛɛng, “curry; soup; stew”)

Compounds

分一杯羹 (fēnyībēigēng)
分我杯羹
分杯羹
吃閉門羹／吃闭门羹 (chī bìméngēng)
和羹
土托魚羹／土托鱼羹
塵飯塗羹／尘饭涂羹
大羹玄酒
太羹
年羹堯／年羹尧
懲羹吹齏／惩羹吹齑
指雁為羹／指雁为羹
殘羹／残羹

殘羹冷炙／残羹冷炙
殘羹冷飯／残羹冷饭
殘羹剩飯／残羹剩饭 (cángēngshèngfàn)
沸羹
爺羹娘飯／爷羹娘饭
爺飯娘羹／爷饭娘羹
百歲羹／百岁羹
簞食豆羹／箪食豆羹
羊羹 (yánggēng)
羹匙 (gēngchí)
羹湯／羹汤
羹牆／羹墙

羹牆見堯／羹墙见尧
羹藜唅糗
羹飯／羹饭
肉羹 (ròugēng)
芼羹
蓴羹鱸膾／莼羹鲈脍
藜羹
蜩螗沸羹
調羹／调羹 (tiáogēng)
豆羹
鉶羹
閉門羹／闭门羹 (bìméngēng)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): láng (lang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄤˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): long⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: láng
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄤˊ
  - Wade–Giles: lang²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lang
  - Tongyong Pinyin: láng
  - IPA ^(key): /lɑŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: long⁴
  - Yale: lòhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: long⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: long⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /lɔːŋ²¹/

Definitions

羹

Only used in 不羹.

Japanese

Kanji

羹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: きょう (kyō)
Kan-on: こう (kō)
Kan’yō-on: かん (kan)
Kun: あつもの (atsumono)

Compounds

肉羹 (にくこう) (nikukō): meat broth
羊羹 (ようかん) (yōkan): a gelatin made from boiled sheep and used in soups; a thick jellied dessert made of red bean paste, agar, and sugar

Korean

Hanja

羹 • (gaeng) (hangeul 갱, revised gaeng, McCune–Reischauer kaeng, Yale kayng)

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Vietnamese

Han character

羹 (canh)

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