See also: , , and
U+5DF4, 巴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5DF4

[U+5DF3]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5DF5]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 49, +1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 日山 (AU), four-corner 77717, composition)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 327, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8745
  • Dae Jaweon: page 631, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 985, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5DF4

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*praː
*praː
*praː, *braːʔ
*praː
*praː, *pʰraː
*praː, *pʰraː
*praː, *pʰraː
*praː
*praːʔ
*praːs, *baʔ
*praːs
*praːs
*pʰraː
*pʰraː
*pʰraː
*pʰraːs
*braː
*braː
*braː, *braːs, *braːs
*braːʔ, *braːs
*braːs

Pictogram (象形) — huge snake.

Pronunciation


Note: pa - only in 巴士.
Note:
  • 1pa - literary;
  • 1po - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /pa⁵⁵/
Harbin /pa⁴⁴/
/pa²⁴/ ~彥
Tianjin /pɑ²¹/
Jinan /pa²¹³/
Qingdao /pa²¹³/
Zhengzhou /pa²⁴/
Xi'an /pa²¹/
Xining /pa⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /pa⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /pa³¹/
Ürümqi /pa⁴⁴/
Wuhan /pa⁵⁵/
Chengdu /pa⁵⁵/
Guiyang /pa⁵⁵/
Kunming /pa̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /pɑ³¹/
Hefei /pa²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /pa¹¹/
Pingyao /pɑ¹³/
Hohhot /pa³¹/
Wu Shanghai /po⁵³/
/pa⁵³/
Suzhou /po⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /pɑ³³/
Wenzhou /po³³/
Hui Shexian /pa³¹/
Tunxi /puːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /pa³³/
Xiangtan /pɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /pɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /pa⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /pɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pa⁵³/
Nanning /pa⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /pa⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /pa⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pa⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /pa⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /pa³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔba²³/ ~掌
/ʔba³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (1)
Final () (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pˠa/
Pan
Wuyun
/pᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen
/pa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/paɨ/
Li
Rong
/pa/
Wang
Li
/pa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹  › ‹  ›
Old
Chinese
/*pˁra/ /*pˁra/
English snake [place name]

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 97
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*praː/

Etymology 1

"huge snake"
Unknown. Schuessler (2007) compared (OC prâ) to
  • Lao [script needed] (ŋuuᴬ⁴ kǎbaaᴬ³, a kind of viper), with ງູ (ngū, snake) and [script needed] (, possible animal prefix); as well as to
  • Proto-North-Bahnaric *qbǎyh (ibid.) "snake" (or *bəs; Sidwell, 2011).

Definitions

  1. (ancient Chinese mythology) a huge snake that could swallow an elephant
  2. to greatly desire; to anxiously hope; to long for
  3. Used as a suffix for objects that are located below or behind.
       wěiba   tail
  4. Used as a suffix for objects that are clumped together due to dryness or stickiness.
       ba   mud
  5. to cling to; to stick to
  6. (Jilu Mandarin, Sichuan, dialectal Wu) to be close to; to be next to
  7. (Beijing, Jilu Mandarin) to open; to spread
  8. (Sichuan) to suit; to fit
  9. (Sichuan) to follow
  10. (Sichuan) to be intimate
  11. (Sichuan) to involve; to implicate
  12. (Sichuan) to kiss up; to curry favour
  13. (Sichuan) to subsidize
  14. (Sichuan) to infect; to contract
  15. (dialectal Mandarin, including Beijing, Shandong, Xinjiang) to sew; to stitch on
  16. (Southwestern Mandarin; Xiamen, Quanzhou Min Nan) dried object
  17. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for the number of slaps.
    [Cantonese]   daa2 keoi5 jat1 baa1 [Jyutping]   to give him a slap
  18. (Jiaoliao Mandarin, Sichuan) along
  19. (historical) Ba (an ancient state in modern-day Sichuan)
  20. eastern Sichuan and Chongqing
  21. A surname.

Etymology 2

Definitions

  1. Short for 巴士 (bāshì, “bus”).
       xiǎo   minibus

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English bar.

Definitions

  1. bar (unit of pressure)

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“short=1; a kind of fragrant grass; etc.”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“bamboo fence”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Etymology 6

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“tsamba”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Compounds

  •  (ともえ) (がも) (tomoegamo, Baikal teal)
  •  (ともえ) (せん) (tomoesen, dogfight)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
ともえ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
(tomoe): a circular design of swirling water, commonly used in Japanese family crests and corporate logos

Compound of  (とも) () (tomoe):  (とも) (tomo, archer's left-wrist protector) +  () (e, picture, drawing). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana ともえ, rōmaji tomoe, alternative reading ともゑ, rōmaji tomowe)

  1. tomoe (comma design)

Proper noun

(hiragana ともえ, rōmaji Tomoe)

  1. A surname.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
うずまき
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Noun

(hiragana うずまき, rōmaji uzumaki, historical hiragana うづまき)

  1. Alternative spelling of 渦巻き (whirlpool (pattern))

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(pa) (hangeul )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(ba, , va)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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